MARKING GUIDELINE -1-T660(E)(M30)T

ENGINEERING SCIENCE N3

Ref No: 240.134.1 task_title_page_report_191 Page

Approved by: TS Letho Issue Date: 12.03.2015 Rev: 1 12.03.2015

TASK TITLE PAGE

SUBJECT : ENGINEERING SCIENCE LEVEL : N3

TASK : ASSIGNMENT 3 SOLUTION DATE : 21 OCT 2021

ASSESSOR : L. THOBEJANE DURATION : 3 HRS
MODERATOR : A. LEKOTE MARKS : 000
CAMPUS : SASOLBURG

MARKING GUIDELINE
QUESTION 1

1.1 A vector quantity is a quantity which possesses magnitude and direction. (2)

1.2 1.2.1 Directly

1.2.2 Perpendicularly
(2 × 1) (2)

1.3

For Equilibrium conditions:

HC = 0
500 – P cos 450 = 0 ✓
P = 500/cos450 ✓
P = 707.107N ✓

VC = 0
T – P sin 450 = 0 ✓
T = 707.107 sin 450 ✓
T = 500N ✓
(6)

1.4 CD = 2 / sin 300 ✓

= 4 kN ✓

AD = 2/tan 300 ✓
= 3.464 kN ✓ (4)
[14]

QUESTION 2

2.1 If three forces acting on a point are in equilibrium, ✓then they can be
represented in magnitude and direction✓ by the sides of a triangle✓ taken in
order.✓ (4)

21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 2 of 13

Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
 2.2 ∑ 𝐻𝑥 = 120𝑐𝑜𝑠450 − 50𝑐𝑜𝑠600 − 60✓

= −0,147𝑁; 𝑊𝑒𝑠𝑡✓

∑ 𝑉𝑦 = 130 − 50𝑠𝑖𝑛600 − 120𝑠𝑖𝑛450 ✓

= 1,846𝑁, 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ✓
1,846
𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = −85,450 ✓
−0,147
𝑅 = √0,1472 + 1,8462 ✓
𝑅 = 1,852𝑁 ; 𝑁 85,450 𝑊✓
(7)

2.3 This is a force which acts directly✓ and perpendicularly onto an object.✓
Types: Tensile or pulling force✓
Compressive or pushing force✓ (4)
[15]

QUESTION 3

3.1 It is a single force that can replace two or more forces and still have the same
effect. (2)

3.2 3.2.1 HX = -40 – 30cos45° + 60cos60°✓✓

= -31,213 N✓ (3)

3.2.2 VY = 50 – 30sin45 –60sin60°✓✓

= – 23,175 N✓ (3)

3.2.3
R = √𝐻𝑥 2 + 𝑉𝑦 2
= √(−31,213)2 + (−23,175)2 ✓
= 38,876 N✓ (2)

[10]

QUESTION 4

4.1 The biggest angle that may be reached between an inclined plane and a
horizontal plane before a body starts moving freely down the incline. (2)

4.2 4.2.1 µs = Fs/N = 12/49✓ = 0,245✓

4.2.2 µk = Fk/N = 9/49 ✓ = 0,184✓

(2 × 2) (4)

4.3 𝐹𝜇 = 𝐹 − 𝑊𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= 300 − (500 × 9,8𝑠𝑖𝑛20°)✓
𝐹𝜇 = 132,410 𝑁✓ (5)
21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 3 of 13
Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
 𝑁𝑅 = (50 × 9,8)𝑐𝑜𝑠20°
= 460,449 𝑁✓
𝐹
𝜇 = 𝑁𝑅𝜇
132,410𝑁
= 460,449𝑁✓
= 0,288 ✓
[11]

QUESTION 5

5.1 • The sum of the clockwise moments should be equal to the sum of the
anticlockwise moments.
• The sum of the upward forces must be equal to the sum of the downward
forces. (2 × 1) (2)

5.2 5.2.1 ∑Vy = -3,5 + 2sin45o + 2,5sin30o✓✓

= -0,836 kN✓ south✓ (4)

5.2.2 ∑Hx = -3 - 2cos45o + 2,5cos30o✓✓

= -2,249 kN✓ west✓ (4)

5.2.3 R2 = 0,8362✓ + 2,2492✓

R = 2,399 kN✓
E = 2,399 kN✓
(4)

[14]

QUESTION 6:

6.1 Equilibrium is when a body remains at rest when a number of forces acts upon
it ✓, while equilibrant is that single force which will balance a system of forces.
✓ (2)

6.2 Tie Strut

Pushing forces ✓ Pulling forces ✓ (2)

6.3 6.3.1 ΣHC = 150 - 200 Cos 500 + 120 Cos 350 ✓

= 76,856 N ✓ (2)

6.3.2 ΣVC = 200 Sin 500 – 120 Sin 350✓

= 59,728 N ✓ (2)

6.3.3 R = √ (59,728)2 + (76,856)2

= 97,336 N ✓ (1)
21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 4 of 13
Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
 6.4 AE = 450/sin 600

= 519.6 kN (2)

ED = 450/Tan 600

= 259.8 kN (2)

CG = 550/Sin 600

= 635.09 kN (2)

QUESTION 7:

7.1 • The vectors of the forces form a closed triangle.

• The algebraic sum of the components of the forces in any direction is equal
to zero.
• The sum of the moments of the forces about any point is equal to zero.
• The lines of action of the forces meet a point.
• The forces or vector are co-planar. (Any 2 × 1)
(2)

7.2 7.2.1 ∑Hx = 30 cos 400 + 24 cos 300 – 45 cos 650 ✓

= 24.748 N East ✓ (2)

7.2.2 ∑Vy = 24sin300 – 45 sin 650 – 30 sin 400✓

= -48,067 N, south✓ (2)

7.2.3 ________________
R = √ 24.7482 + (48.067)2 ✓ (2)
= 54.063 N ✓

7.2.4 W 62.722 N ✓ OR 62.722 north of west (1)

7.3 7.3.1 P + 0,75 kN = 1 kN✓

P = 0,25kN✓ (2)
0,25𝑘𝑁
7.3.2 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛300 ✓
𝐴𝐵
AB = 0,5kN ½ Strut✓
0,75𝑘𝑁
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛600 ✓
𝐵𝐶
BC = 0,866kN ½ Strut✓ (5)
[16]

21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 5 of 13

Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
QUESTION 8:

8.1 If THREE forces acting on a point are in equilibrium✓ then they can be
represented in magnitude and direction by the sides of a triangle if they are
taken in sequence.✓ (2)

8.2 The sum of the horizontal components and give the direction

∑ HC = - 700 + 1 100 Cos 25◦ + 500 x Cos25○ ✓

∑ HC = - 700 + 996,939 + 286,788

∑ HC = 583,727 kN east✓

The sum of the vertical components and give the direction

∑VC = - 900 – 500 Sin 25 + 1 100 Sin 25

∑VC = - 900 – 409,576 + 464,88 ✓

∑VC = - 844,696 kN South✓

Calculate the resultant

R2 = (844,696)2 + (583,727)2
R = √713511,332 + 340737,211✓
R = √1054248,543

R = 1026,766 kN✓

Tan α = VC
HC

Tan α = 844,696
583,727
α = Tan -1 1, 447
α = 55°

R = 1026,766 kN Direction = E 55° N✓ (7)

8.3 8.3.1 L = 12 kN✓✓ (2)

8.3.2 PR = 12/Sin(55) = 14,649 kN✓✓

PQ = 12/Cos55 = 20.921 kN ✓✓ (4)
[15]

21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 6 of 13

Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
QUESTION 9:

9.1 A scalar quantity is a quantity which possesses magnitude only. (1)

9.2 9.2.1 Directly (1)

9.2.2 Perpendicularly (1)

9.3 Tensile or pulling force✓

Compressive or pushing force✓ (2)

9.4 P sin 50 

800 N 130  50  P cos 50

FL = FR
P cos 50 = 800
800✓
p=
cos 50
P = 1244,579✓N
FUP = FDOWN
T = P sin 50
T = 1244,579 sin✓
50
T = 953,403✓
N
OR

P
T

50 

800 N

21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 7 of 13

Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
 T
tan  =
800
T = 800 tan 50
T = 953,403 N
800 (4)
cos  =
cos 50
= 1244,579 N

9.5
10 kN 20 kN

x x

A
D
✓
20  x = D  2  x
D = 10 kN ✓

CD sin 30 

CD cos 30 

AD

10

 FUP =  FDOWN
✓
10 = CD sin 30
CD = 20 kN ( strut / push) ✓

 FL =  FR
AD = CD cos 30 ✓
= 17,32 kN ( pull / tie) ✓
OR

21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 8 of 13

Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
 CD
10

30 

10 AD
AD =
tan 30
= 17,32 kN ( Pull / tie) ✓

10
CD =
sin 30
= 20 kN ( strut / push)

(6)
[15]

QUESTION 10:

10.1 The equilibrant of a system of forces in the same plane(✓) is that single force
which will balance the system of forces.(✓) (2)

10.2 HC = -150 + 216.506 + 141.421 = 207.927 N ✓

VC = 300 + 125 – 141.42 = 283.579 N ✓
___________________
R = √ (207.927)2 + (283.579)2
______________

= √ 123650.686

= 351.64 N ✓

Tan θ = 283.579
207.927

= 1.36

Θ = Tan -1 1.36

= 53.670
= E 53.670 N ✓
(4)

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Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
 10.3
P Psin350
PCos350

560 N

QCos40

Q QSin400

VC =   F =   F
P Sin 35 = Q Sin 40
(✓) Substitution
Q Sin 40
P=
Sin 35
P = 1,1207 Q ............. (1)
(✓) Equation (1)

H P Cos 35 + Q Sin 40 = 560

(1,1207Q) Cos 35 + Q Sin 40 = 560 (✓) Substitution
0,918 Q + 0,766 Q = 560
560
Q=
1,684
Q = 332,537 N
(✓) Value of Q
295,82 Sin 40
P=
Sin 35
= 372,663 N
(✓) Value of P (5)

10.4

ABSin600
A
600

B
ABCos600

350 N

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Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
 F =F
AB Sin 60 0 = 350 (✓) Equation
350
AB =
Sin 60 0
= 404,145 kN (✓) AB Value
F =→F
AB Cos 60 = BC
404,145 Cos 60 = BC
BC = 202,225 kN (✓) BC Value
Member Magnitude Nature
AB 404,145 Strut (✓) Nature
BC 202,07 Tie

Strut

Tie (4)
[15]

QUESTION 11:

11.1 The resultant force of two or more forces is that single force that can replace✓
the two or more forces and still have the same effect.✓ (2)

11.2 1. 150 N has no Vc = 0. 150 N West

2. 250 N Sin 30° 250 N Cos 30°

= 125 N North✓ = 216,506 N East✓

3. 200 N sin 45° 20 N Cos 45°

= 141,421 N South✓ = 141,421 N East ✓

4. 300 N North 300 N has no Hc = 0

Add components

∑HC = (141,421 N + 216,506 N - 150 N)✓ = 207,927 N East✓

∑VC = (300 N + 125 N -141,421 N)✓ = 283,579 North✓

Calculate the resultant

R2 = (207,927)2 + (283,579)2
R = √43233,637 + 8041,046
R = √123650,686

R = 351,641 N✓
(11)
21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 11 of 13
Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
 Tan α = VC
HC

Tan α = 283,579
207,927
α = Tan -1 1, 364
α = 53,75°✓

R = 35.16 N Direction = E 53,76° N✓

11.3 Torque = F x r
T = F x Cos 30° x r
T = 10000 x 0,866 x 0.1 ✓
Torque = 8 66 Nm ✓ (2)
[15]

QUESTION 12:

12.1 The resultant of two or more forces is those single forces that can replace✓ the
two or more force and still have the same effect.✓

The equilibrant of a system of forces, on the same plane,✓ is that single force
which will balance the system of forces.✓ (3)

12.2 ∑ HC = 0

600 = P × Cos50° + 500 × Sin25°✓

600 – 500 Sin25° = P × Cos50° ✓
600 – 211,309 = 0,643 × P ✓
P = 388,691 P = 604,496 N ✓
0,643 (4)

12.2 ∑VC = 0
500 × Cos25° = P x Sin 50°+ Q ✓
Q = - 604,496 × Sin50° + 500 × Cos 25°✓
Q = - 463,071 + 453,154✓
Q = - 9,917 N ✓ (4)

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Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000
12.3
300 kN
C

150 kN
A
B

C
150 kN 150 kN
150 kN

Tan 45° = AC/BC

AC = BC tan 45°
AC = 150 × tan 45°
AC = 150 kN tie

Cos 45° = BC/AB

AB = BC/cos 45°
AB = 212 kN strat (4)
[15]

21.10.2021 Engineering Science N3 FORCES Page 13 of 13

Set By: L. Thobejane Moderated By : A. Lekote Chapters 3 Total Marks:000