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Matrices and Dete. Sheets 9 B

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Matrices and Dete. Sheets 9 B

Matrices

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Matrices & Determinant

As for everything else, so for a mathematical theory, beauty can be perceived but not explained..... Cayley Arthur

Introduction :
Any rectangular arrangement of numbers (real or complex) (or of real valued or complex valued
expressions) is called a matrix. If a matrix has m rows and n columns then the order of matrix is
written as m ! n and we call it as order m by n
The general m ! n matrix is
 a11 a12 a13 ...... a1j ..... a1n 
 
 a 21 a 22 a 23 ...... a 2 j ..... a 2n 
 ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... 
A=  
 a i1 a i2 a i3 ...... a ij ...... a in 
 ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... 
 
a m1 am 2 a m3 ..... a mj ..... a mn 
where aij denote the element of ith row & j th column. The above matrix is usually denoted as [aij]m ! n .
Notes : (i) The elements a11, a22, a33,........ are called as diagonal elements. Their sum is called as
trace of A denoted as tr(A)
(ii) Capital letters of English alphabets are used to denote matrices.
(iii) Order of a matrix : If a matrix has m rows and n columns, then we say that its order is "m by n",
written as "m ! n".
Types of Matrices :
Row matrix :
A matrix having only one row is called as row matrix (or row vector).General form of row matrix
is A = [a11, a12, a13, ...., a1n]

This is a matrix of order "1 ! n" (or a row matrix of order n)

Column matrix :
A matrix having only one column is called as column matrix (or column vector).
 a11 
 
 a 21 
Column matrix is in the form A = 
... 
 
a m1 
This is a matrix of order "m ! 1" (or a column matrix of order m)
Zero matrix :
A = [aij]m ! n is called a zero matrix, if aij = 0  i & j.
0 0 0 
0 0 0  
e.g. : (i)   (ii)  0 0 0 
0 0 0
 0 0 0 
Square matrix :
A matrix in which number of rows & columns are equal is called a square matrix. The general
form of a square matrix is

 a11 a12 ....... a1n 

 
 a 21 a 22 ........ a 2n 
A=  which we denote as A = [aij]n.
....... ....... ....... .......
 
 an1 a n2 ....... a nn 
This is a matrix of order "n ! n" (or a square matrix of order n)

 a 0 0 0
a 0 0  
   0 b 0 0
0 b 0
e.g. : (i)  (ii)  0 0 0 0
 0 0 c   
 0 0 0 c 

Scalar matrix :
Scalar matrix is a diagonal matrix in which all the diagonal elements are same. A = [aij]n is a
scalar matrix, if (i) aij = 0 for i  j and (ii) aij = k for i = j.

a 0 0
a 0  
0 a 0
e.g. : (i)   (ii) 
0 a  0 0 a 

Unit matrix (identity matrix) :

Unit matrix is a diagonal matrix in which all the diagonal elements are unity. Unit matrix of
order 'n' is denoted by n (or ).
i.e. A = [aij]n is a unit matrix when aij = 0 for i  j & aii = 1

1 0 0
 1 0  
eg. 2 =   , 3 = 0 1 0  .
0 1 0 0 1

Upper triangular matrix :

A = [aij]m ! n is said to be upper triangular, if aij = 0 for i > j (i.e., all the elements below the
diagonal elements are zero).

a b c d a b c 
 
e.g. : (i)  0 x y z  (ii)  0 x y 
 0 0 u v   0 0 z 

Lower triangular matrix :

A = [aij]m ! n is said to be a lower triangular matrix, if aij = 0 for i < j. (i.e., all the elements above
the diagonal elements are zero.)

a 0 0 a 0 0 0
   
b c 0 b c 0 0
e.g. : (i)  (ii) 
 x y z   x y z 0 

Comparable matrices : Two matrices A & B are said to be comparable, if they have the same order
(i.e., number of rows of A & B are same and also the number of columns).
2 3 4 3 4 2
e.g. : (i) A =   & B=   are comparable
 3 1 2  0 1 3

3 0
2 3 4  
4 1
e.g. : (ii) C =   & D=  are not comparable
 3 1 2   2 3 

 2 1 3 5    6 3  9  15 
   
e.g. : A =  0 2 1  3 & ñ 3A  (ñ3) A =  0  6  3 9 
 0 0  1  2   0 0 3 6 

Note : If A is a scalar matrix, then A = , where  is a diagonal entry of A

Addition of matrices :
Let A and B be two matrices of same order (i.e. comparable matrices). Then A + B is defined to
be.
A + B = [aij]m ! n + [bij]m ! n.
= [c ij]m ! n where c ij = aij + bij  i & j.

 1 1   1 2  0 1
     
2 3  2 3 ,A+ B =  0 0 
e.g. : A =  , B= 
 1 0   5 7   6 7 

Substraction of matrices :
Let A & B be two matrices of same order. Then A ñ B is defined as A + (ñ B) where ñ B is (ñ 1)
B.
Properties of addition & scalar multiplication :
Consider all matrices of order m ! n, whose elements are from a set F (F denote Q, R or C).
Let Mm ! n (F) denote the set of all such matrices.
Then
(a) A  Mm ! n (F) & B  Mm ! n (F)  A + B  Mm ! n(F)
(b) A+B=B+A
(c) (A + B) + C = A + (B + C)
(d) O = [o]m ! n is the additive identity.
(e) For every A  Mm ! n(F), ñ A is the additive inverse.
(f)  (A + B) = A + B
(g) A = A
(h) (1 + 2) A = 1A + 2A

Multiplication of matrices :

Let A and B be two matrices such that the number of columns of A is same as number of rows
of B. i.e., A = [aij]m ! p & B = [bij]p ! n.
p
Then AB = [c ij]m ! n where c ij = a
k 1
ik b kj , which is the dot product of ith row vector of A and j th
column vector of B.

0 1 1 1 
1 2 3   3 4 9 1
0 0 1 0
e.g. : A =   , B=   , AB =  
2 3 1  1 1 2 0  1 3 7 2

Properties of matrix multiplication :

Consider all square matrices of order 'n'. Let Mn (F) denote the set of all square matrices of
order n. (where F is Q, R or C). Then
(a) A, B  Mn (F)  AB  Mn (F)
(b) In general AB  BA
(c) (AB) C = A(BC)
(d) n, the identity matrix of order n, is the multiplicative identity.
An = A = n A  A  Mn (F)
(e) For every non singular matrix A (i.e., |A|  0) of Mn (F) there exist a unique (particular)
matrix B  Mn (F) so that AB = n = BA. In this case we say that A & B are multiplicative
inverse of one another. In notations, we write B = Añ1 or A = Bñ1.
(f) If  is a scalar (A) B = (AB) = A(B).
(g) A(B + C) = AB + AC  A, B, C  Mn (F)
(h) (A + B) C = AC + BC  A, B, C  Mn (F).
Notes : (1) Let A = [aij]m ! n. Then An = A & m A = A, where n & m are identity matrices of order
n & m respectively.
(2) For a square matrix A, A2 denotes AA, A3 denotes AAA etc.
Transpose of a matrix :
Let A =[aij]m ! n. Then the transpose of A is denoted by A( or AT) and is defined as
A = [bij]n ! m where bij = aji  i & j.
i.e. A is obtained by rewriting all the rows of A as columns (or by rewriting all the columns of A as
rows).
1 a x 
1 2 3 4   
  2 b y 
a b c d
e.g. : A =   , A =  3 c z 
 x y z w   
4 d w 
Results : (i) For any matrix A = [aij]m ! n, (A) = A
(ii) Let  be a scalar & A be a matrix. Then (A) = A
(iii) (A + B) = A + B & (A ñ B) = A ñ B for two comparable matrices A and B.
(iv) (A1 ± A2 ± ..... ± An) = A1 ± A2 ± ..... ± An, where Ai are comparable.
(v) Let A = [aij]m ! p & B = [bij]p ! n , then (AB) = BA
(vi) (A1 A2 .......An)= An. An ñ 1 ...........A2 . A1, provided the product is defined.

Symmetric & skew-symmetric matrix : A square matrix A is said to be symmetric if A = A

i.e. Let A = [aij]n. A is symmetric iff aij = aji  i & j.
A square matrix A is said to be skew-symmetric if A = ñ A
i.e. Let A = [aij]n. A is skew-symmetric iff aij = ñ aji  i & j.

a h g
 
e.g. A = h b f  is a symmetric matrix.
g f c 
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o x y
 
B=   x o z  is a skew-symmetric matrix.
 y  z 0 
Notes : (1) In a skew-symmetric matrix all the diagonal elements are zero.
( aii = ñ aii  aii = 0)
(2) For any square matrix A, A + A is symmetric & A ñ A is skew-symmetric.
(3) Every square matrix can be uniqualy expressed as a sum of two square matrices of
which one is symmetric and the other is skew-symmetric.
1 1
A = B + C, where B = (A + A) & C = (A ñ A).
2 2
Submatrix : Let A be a given matrix. The matrix obtained by deleting some rows or columns of A is called
as submatrix of A.
a b c d
 
eg. A= x y z w
p q r s 
a c a b c 
  a b d  
Then x z ,  ,  x y z  are all submatrices of A.
p p q s 
r  p q r 

Determinant of a square matrix :

To every square matrix A = [aij] of order n, we can associate a number (real or complex) called determinant
of the square matrix.
Let A = [a]1!1 be a 1!1 matrix. Determinant A is defined as |A| = a.
e.g. A = [ñ 3]1!1 |A| = ñ 3
a b
Let A =   , then |A| is defined as ad ñ bc.
c d
 5 3
e.g. A=   , |A| = 23
 1 4 
Minors & Cofactors :
Let  be a determinant. Then minor of element aij, denoted by Mij, is defined as the determinant
of the submatrix obtained by deleting ith row & j th column of . Cofactor of element aij, denoted
by Cij, is defined as Cij = (ñ 1)i + j Mij.
a b
e.g. 1 =
c d
M11 = d = C11
M12 = c, C12 = ñ c
M21 = b, C21 = ñ b
M22 = a = C22
a b c
e.g. 2 = p q r
x y z

q r
M11 = = qz ñ yr = C111.
y z

a b
M23 = = ay ñ bx, C23 = ñ (ay ñ bx) = bx ñ ay etc.
x y

a11 a12 a13 

 
e.g.1 A = a 21 a 22 a 23 
a 31 a 32 a 33 
|A| = a11C11 + a12 C12 + a13C13 (using first row).
a 22 a 23 a 21 a 23 a 21 a 22
= a11 ñ a12 + a13
a 32 a 33 a 31 a 33 a 31 a 32
|A| = a12 C12 + a22 C22 + a32C32 (using second column).
a 21 a 23 a11 a13 a11 a13
= ñ a12 + a22 ñ a32 .
a 31 a 33 a 31 a 33 a 21 a 23

Transpose of a determinant : The transpose of a determinant is the determinant of transpose of the

corresponding matrix.
a1 b1 c1 a1 a 2 a3
D = a2 b2 c2  D T
b1 b 2 b3
a3 b3 c3 c1 c 2 c3

Properties of determinant :
(1) |A| = |A| for any square matrix A.
i.e. the value of a determinant remains unaltered, if the rows & columns are inter changed,
a1 b1 c1 a1 a 2 a3
i.e. D = a2 b2 c 2  b1 b 2 b 3 = D
a3 b3 c3 c1 c 2 c3
(2) If any two rows (or columns) of a determinant be interchanged, the value of determinant
is changed in sign only.

a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2
e.g. Let D1 = a 2 b2 c2 & D2 = a1 b1 c 1 Then D2 = ñ D1
a3 b3 c3 a 3 b3 c 3

(3) Let  be a scalar. Than  |A| is obtained by multiplying any one row (or any one column)
of |A| by 

a1 b1 c1 Ka1 Kb1 Kc 1
D = a2 b2 c2 and E = a 2 b2 c2 Then E= KD
a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3
(4) | AB | = | A | | B |.
(5) |A| = n |A|, when A = [aij]n.
(6) A skew-symmetric matrix of odd order has deteminant value zero.
(7) If a determinant has all the elements zero in any row or column, then its value is zero,
0 0 0
i.e. D = 2 b2
a c2 = 0.
a 3 b3 c3

a1 b1 c1 a1  ma 2 b1  mb 2 c 1  mc 2
i.e. D1 = a 2 b2 c2 and D2 = a2 b2 c2 . Then D2= D1
a3 b3 c3 a 3  na1 b 3  nb1 c 3  nc 1

(11) Let A = [aij]n. The sum of the products of elements of any row with corresponding
cofactors of any other row is zero. (Similarly the sum of the products of elements of
any column with corresponding cofactors of any other column is zero).
Application of determinants : Following examples of short hand writing large expressions are:
(i) Area of a triangle whose vertices are (x r, yr); r = 1, 2, 3 is:
x1 y1 1
1 x2 y2 1
D= If D = 0 then the three points are collinear.
2 x y 1
3 3

x y 1
(ii) Equation of a straight line passing through (x 1, y1) & (x 2, y2) is x 1 y1 1 = 0
x2 y2 1
(iii) The lines: a1x + b1y + c 1 = 0........ (1)
a2x + b2y + c 2 = 0........ (2)
a3x + b3y + c 3 = 0........ (3)
a1 b1 c1
are concurrent if, a2 b2 c 2 = 0.
a3 b3 c3
Condition for the consistency of three simultaneous linear equations in 2 variables.
(iv) axL + 2 hxy + byL + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 represents a pair of straight lines if:
a h g
abc + 2 fgh  afL  bgL  chL = 0 = h b f
g f c
Singular & non singular matrix : A square matrix A is said to be singular or non-singular according
as |A| is zero or non-zero respectively.
Cofactor matrix & adjoint matrix : Let A = [aij] n be a square matrix. The matrix obtained by
replacing each element of A by corresponding cofactor is called as
cofactor matrix of A, denoted as cofactor A. The transpose of cofactor
matrix of A is called as adjoint of A, denoted as adj A.
i.e. if A = [aij]n
then cofactor A = [c ij]n when c ij is the cofactor of aij  i & j.
Adj A = [dij]n where dij = c ji  i & j.
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Properties of cofactor A and adj A:
(a) A . adj A = |A| n = (adj A) A where A = [aij]n.
(b) |adj A| = |A|n ñ 1, where n is order of A. In particular, for 3 ! 3 matrix, |adj A| = |A|2
(c) If A is a symmetric matrix, then adj A are also symmetric matrices.
(d) If A is singular, then adj A is also singular.

Example # 11 : For a 3!3 skew-symmetric matrix A, show that adj A is a symmetric matrix.
0 a b  c2  bc ca 
   
A =  a 0 c  cof A =  bc  ab 
2
Solution : b
  b  c 0   ca  ab a 2 
 
 c2  bc ca 
 
adj A = (cof A) =  bc b 2  ab  which is symmetric.
 ca  ab a 2 
 
Inverse of a matrix (reciprocal matrix) :
1
Let A be a non-singular matrix. Then the matrix adj A is the
|A|
multiplicative inverse of A (we call it inverse of A) and is denoted by Añ1.
We have A (adj A) = |A| n = (adj A) A
 1   1 
 A  adj A  = n =  adj A  A, for A is non-singular
| A |  | A | 
1
 Añ1 = adj A.
|A|
Remarks :
1. The necessary and sufficient condition for existence of inverse of A is that A is non-singular.
2. Añ1 is always non-singular.
3. If A = dia (a11, a22, ....., ann) where aii  0  i, then Añ1 = diag (a11ñ 1, a22ñ1, ...., annñ1).
4. (Añ1) = (A)ñ1 for any non-singular matrix A. Also adj (A) = (adj A).
5. (Añ1)ñ1 = A if A is non-singular.
1 ñ1
6. Let k be a non-zero scalar & A be a non-singular matrix. Then (kA)ñ1 = A .
k
1
7. |Añ1| = | A | for |A|  0.
8. Let A be a non-singular matrix. Then AB = AC  B = C & BA = CA  B= C.
9. A is non-singular and symmetric  Añ1 is symmetric.
10. (AB)ñ1 = Bñ1 Añ1 if A and B are non- singular.
11. In general AB = 0 does not imply A = 0 or B = 0. But if A is non-singular and AB = 0, then B = 0.
Similarly B is non-singular and AB = 0  A = 0. Therefore, AB = 0  either both are singular or one of
them is 0.
Elementary row transformation of matrix :
The following operations on a matrix are called as elementary row transformations.
(a) Interchanging two rows.
(b) Multiplications of all the elements of row by a nonzero scalar.
(c) Addition of constant multiple of a row to another row.
Note : Similar to above we have elementary column transformations also.
Remarks : Two matrices A & B are said to be equivalent if one is obtained from other using elementary
transformations. We write A  B.

System of linear equations & matrices : Consider the system

a11 x 1 + a12x 2 + .......... + a1nx n = b1
a21x 1 + a22 x 2 + ..........+ a2n x n = b2
.................................................
am1x 1 + am2x 2 + ..........+ amnx n = bn.

 b1 
 a11 a12 .......... a1n   x1   

a 21 a 22 .......... a 2n 
 
x2 
 b 2 
Let A =  ,X=  & B =  ...  .
..... ..... .......... .....  ....   
     ... 
 m1 a m2
a .......... a mn  x
 n b 
 n

Then the above system can be expressed in the matrix form as AX = B.

The system is said to be consistent if it has atleast one solution.

System of linear equations and matrix inverse:

If the above system consist of n equations in n unknowns, then we have AX = B where A is a square
matrix.

Results : (1) If A is non-singular, solution is given by X = Añ1B.

(2) If A is singular, (adj A) B = 0 and all the columns of A are not proportional, then the
system has infinitely many solutions.
(3) If A is singular and (adj A) B  0, then the system has no solution
(we say it is inconsistent).

Homogeneous system and matrix inverse :

If the above system is homogeneous, n equations in n unknowns, then in the matrix form it is AX = O.
( in this case b1 = b2 = ....... bn = 0), where A is a square matrix.

Results : (1) If A is non-singular, the system has only the trivial solution (zero solution) X = 0
(2) If A is singular, then the system has infinitely many solutions (including the trivial
solution) and hence it has non-trivial solutions.

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THEORY / SUMMARY
Session - 2015-16
New Sheet Structure for JEE(Advanced)
Class - XII

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Hkkx - I : fo"k;kRed iz'u ºSUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS1
Section (A): Matrix, Algebra of Matrix, Transpose, symmetric and skew symmetric matrix,
[k.M (A) : vkO;wg] vkO;wg dk chtxf.kr] ifjorZ] lefer ,oa fo"ke lefer vkO;wg]
A-1. Construct a 3 ! 2 matrix whose elements are given by aij = 2i ñ j. [15JM120001]
,d 3 ! 2 eSfV™Dl cukb, ftlds vo;o aij = 2i ñ j ls fn;s tkrs gSA
1 0
Ans.  
3 2
 5 4 

 xy 1 z   1 1 4 
A-2. If   =   , find x, y, z, w.. [15JM120002]
 2x  y 0 w   0 0 5

 xy 1 z   1 1 4 
;fn   =  0  gks] rks x, y, z, w Kkr dhft,A
 2x  y 0 w   0 5
Ans. (x, y, z, w) = (1, 2, 4, 5)

1 2 
  4 5 6
A-3. If A =  3  4  and B =   , will AB be equal to BA. Also find AB & BA. [15JM120003]
 5 6   7 8 2 

1 2 
  4 5 6
;fn A=  3 4  vkSj B =   gks] rks D;k BA vkSj AB cjkcj gksxs \ AB vkSj BA Hkh Kkr dhft,A
 5 6   7 8 2 

 18  11 10 
   49 24
Ans. AB =   16 47 10  , BA =  
 62  23 42   7 58 

 3 4   7  12 
A-4. If A =   , then show that A3 =  3  5  [15JM120004]
 1 1   

 3 4   7  12 
;fn A =   gks] rks iznf'kZr dhft, fd A3 =  3  5 
 1 1   

  
 0  tan
2   cos   sin  
A-5. If A =    show that ( + A) = ( ñ A)  
 tan 0   sin  cos  
 2 
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  
 0  tan
2   cos   sin  
;fn A=    gks] rks iznf'kZr dhft, fd ( + A) = ( ñ A)  
 tan 0   sin  cos  
 2 

A-6. Let A = [aij]n ! n where aij = i2 ñ j2 . Show that A is skew-symmetric matrix.

ekuk A = [aij]n ! n tgk° aij = i2 ñ j2 ] iznf'kZr dhft, A fo"ke lefer gSaA
cos x  sin x 0
  
A-7. Given F(x) =  sin x cos x 0 . If x    ,  . Then for what values of y, F(x + y) = F(x) F(y).
 2 2
 0 0 1
[15JM120007]

cos x  sin x 0
  
fn;k x;k gSa fd F(x) =  sin x cos x 0 . ;fn x   2 , 2  gks] rks y ds fdl eku ds fy,
 
 0 0 1

F(x + y) = F(x) F(y) gSA

Ans. yR

Section (B) : Determinant of Matrix

[k.M (B) : vkO;wg dk lkjf.kd
0 1 sec 
tan   sec  tan 
B-1. If the minor of three-one element (i.e. M31) in the determinant is 1 then find the
1 0 1
value of . (0 ). [15JM120008]
0 1 sec 

nh xbZ lkjf.kd tan   sec  tan  esa vo;o 3-1 ds milkjf.kd ºvFkkZr M31K dk eku 1 gS] rks  dk eku
1 0 1

Kkr dhft;s tgk° (0 ).

3
Ans. 0, ,
4

B-2. Using the properties of determinants, evalulate:

lkjf.kd ds xq.k/keksZ ds mi;ksx ls fuEu ds eku Kkr dhft;sA
23 6 11 0 c b
(i) 36 5 26 (ii) c 0 a
63 13 37 b a 0

103 115 114 113 116 104 13  3 2 5 5

(iii) 111 108 106 + 108 106 111 . (iv) 15  26 5 10
104 113 116 115 114 103 3  65 15 5

Ans. (i) 0 (ii) 0 (iii) 0 (iv) 5(3 2  5 3 )

a b  c a2
(ii) b c  a b 2 =  (a + b + c) (a  b) (b  c) (c  a)
c a  b c2

bc a a
(iii) b ca b = 4 abc
c c ab

1 a2 a4 1 1 1
2 4
(iv) If 1 b b = (a + b) (b + c) (c + a) a b c .
2 2 2
1 c2 c 4
a b c

1 a2 a4 1 1 1
2 4
;fn 1 b b = (a + b) (b + c) (c + a) a b c .
2 2
1 c 2
c 4
a b c2

B-4. If a, b, c are positive and are the pth, qth, rth terms respectively of a G.P., show without expanding that,
log a p 1
log b q 1
= 0.
log c r 1

;fn xq.kksŸkj Js<+h ds posa, qosa rFkk r osa in ÿe'k% a, b, c rFkk /kukRed gks] rks fcuk foLrkj ds iznf'kZr dhft, fd
log a p 1
log b q 1
= 0.
log c r 1

B-5. Find the non  zero roots of the equation, [15JM120012]

fuEufyf[kr lehdj.kksa ds v'kwU; ewy Kkr dhft;s&
a b ax  b 152x 11 10
(i) = b b x  c = 0. c (ii) 113x 17 16 = 0
ax  b bx  c c 7 x 14 13
Ans. (i) x =  2 b/a (ii) 4

S0 S1 S2
B-6. If Sr = r + r + r then show that S1 S2 S 3 = (  )2 ( )2 (  )2.
S2 S3 S4

S0 S1 S2
;fn Sr = r + r + r gks] rks iznf'kZr dhft, fd S1 S 2 S 3 = (  )2 ( )2 (  )2.[DR3006]
S2 S3 S4

a1l1 b1m1 a1l 2 b1m 2 a1l3 b1m 3

B-7. Show that a 2 l1 b 2 m1 a 2 l 2 b 2 m 2 a 2 l3 b 2 m 3 = 0. [15JM120014]
a 3 l1 b 3 m1 a 3 l 2 b 3 m 2 a 3 l3 b 3 m 3

a1l1 b1m1 a1l 2 b1m 2 a1l3 b1m 3

iznf'kZr dhft, fd a 2 l1 b 2 m1 a 2 l2 b 2 m 2 a 2 l3 b 2 m3 = 0.
a 3 l1 b 3 m1 a 3 l 2 b 3 m 2 a 3 l3 b 3 m 3

ex sin x
B-8. If = A + Bx + Cx 2 + ....., then find the value of A and B.[15JM120015]
cos x n(1  x )

ex sin x
;fn = A + Bx + Cx 2 + ....., rc A rFkk B dk eku Kkr dhft,A
cos x n(1  x )
Ans. A = 0, B = 0

Section (C) : Cofactor matrix, adjoint matrix and inverse of matrix.

[k.M (C) : lg[k.M vkO;wg] lg[k.Mt vkO;wg ,oa vkO;wg dk izfrykse
 2 1  5 2 2 5
C-1. If A =  ,B=  ,C=   and AB ñ CD = 0 find D. [15JM120016]
3 4  7 4 3 8

 2 1  5 2 2 5
;fn A =  ,B=  ,C=   vkSj AB ñ CD = 0 gks] rks D Kkr dhft,A
3 4  7 4 3 8

  191  110 
Ans.  
 77 44 

C-2. (i) Prove that (adj adj A) = |A|nñ2 A

(ii) Find the value of |adj adj adj A| in terms of |A|
(i) fl) dhft, fd (adj adj A) = |A|nñ2 A
(ii) |adj adj adj A| dk |A| ds inksa esa eku Kkr dhft,A
3
Ans. (ii) | A |(n1)

 3 1 1   1 2 2 
   
C-3. ñ1
If A =   15 6 5  &B=   1 3 0  , find (AB)
ñ1
[15JM120018]
 5 2 2   0  2 1 

 3 1 1   1 2 2 
   
 15 6  5 1 3 0
;fn Añ1 =   vkSj B=   gks] rks (AB)ñ1 Kkr dhft,A
 5 2 2   0  2 1 

 9  3 5
 
Ans.  2 1 0
 1 0 2
C-4_. If A is a symmetric and B skew symmetric matrix and (A + B) is non-singular and C = (A + B)ñ1 (A ñ B), then
prove that
;fn A lefer gS rFkk B fo"ke lefer vkO;wg gS rFkk (A + B) O;qRÿe.kh; gS vkSj C = (A + B)ñ1 (A ñ B), rc fl) dhft;s
(i) CT (A + B) C = A + B (ii) CT (A ñ B) C = A ñ B

(ii) x  2y + 3z = 2
xñy+z=3
5x ñ 11y + z = 17

Ans. (i) x = 3, y = 4, z = 6
5k 8 2k 1
(ii) x= ñ  , y =ñ ñ , z = k, where tgk° k  R
3 3 3 3

4 3 6 6
D-2. Solve using Cramerís rule:  = 1 &  =  5.
x5 y7 x5 y7

4 3 6 6
ÿsej fu;e ds iz;ksx ls gy dhft, :  =  1 rFkk  =  5.
x5 y7 x5 y7
Ans. x =  7, y =  4

D-3. Find those values of c for which the equations: [15JM120022]

2x+3y = 3
(c + 2) x + (c + 4) y = c + 6
(c + 2)H x + (c + 4)H y = (c + 6)H are consistent.
Also solve above equations for these values of c.
c ds og eku Kkr dhft, ftuds fy, lehdj.k fudk;
2x+3y = 3
(c + 2) x + (c + 4) y = c + 6
(c + 2)H x + (c + 4)H y = (c + 6)H laxr gS
rFkk c ds bu ekuksa ds fy, ]ij nh xbZ lehdj.kksa dks gy dhft,A
1 4
Ans. for c = 0, x =  3, y = 3 ds fy,; for c =  10 ds fy,, x =  , y =
2 3
D-4. If the system of equations ax + y + z = 0,. x + by + z = 0 and x + y + cz = 0, where [15JM120023]
1 1 1
a, b, c  1, has a nontrivial solution, then find the value of + +
1 a 1 b 1 c
;fn lehdj.k fudk; ax + y + z = 0,. x + by + z = 0 vkSj x + y + cz = 0 ds fy, tgk°
1 1 1
a, b, c  1, lkFkZd (Non-trivial) gy gks] rks + + dk eku Kkr dhft,A
1 a 1 b 1 c
Ans. 1
3 2
D-5. For the matrix A =   find a & b so that A2 + aA + b = 0. Hence find Añ1 . [15JM120024]
1 1

3 2
eSfV™Dl A =  1 1  ds fy, a vkSj b ds eku Kkr dhft, tcfd A2 + aA + b = 0 gks rFkk Añ1 Hkh Kkr dhft,A
 

 1 2 
Ans. a = ñ 4, b = 1, Añ1 =  
 1 3 
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1 1 2
 
0 2 1
D-6. If A =  , show that A3 = (5A ñ ) (A ñ )
 1 0 2 

1 1 2
 
0 2 1
;fn A=  gks] rks iznf'kZr dhft, fd A3 = (5A ñ ) (A ñ )
 1 0 2 

PART - II : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

Hkkx - II : dsoy ,d lgh fodYi Ádkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)

Section (A): Matrix, Algebra of Matrix, Transpose, symmetric and skew symmetric matrix,
[k.M (A) : vkO;wg] vkO;wg dk chtxf.kr] ifjorZ] lefer ,oa fo"ke lefer vkO;wg]
A-1. The number of different possible orders of matrices having 12 identical elements is [15JM120026]
(A) 3 (B) 1 (C*) 6 (D) none of these
fofHkUu laHko ÿeksa dh eSfV™Dlksa dh la[;k ftuesa 12 leku vo;o gSa ñ
(A) 3 (B) 1 (C) 6 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

x 2  x x  0  1 0  2
A-2.  3 2 +  x  1 x  = 5 1  then x is equal to - [15JM120027]

(A*) ñ 1 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) No value of x

x 2  x x  0  1 0  2
 3 2 +  x  1 x  = 5 1  rks x dk eku gS &
(A) ñ 1 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) x dk dksbZ eku ugha
1  5 4 0
   
A-3. If A = 2 and B = 0 2  1 , then [15JM120028]
3  1  3 2 

 5 8 0
 
0 4  2
(A) AB =  (B) AB = [ñ 2 ñ 1 4]
 3  9 6 

 1
 
1
(C) AB =   (D*) AB does not exist
 1 

1  5 4 0
   
;fn A = 2  vkSj B=  0 2  1 gks] rks &
3  1  3 2 

 5 8 0  1
   
0 4  2 1
(A) AB =  (B) AB = [ñ 2 ñ 1 4] (C) AB =   (D) AB fo|eku ugha gSA
 3  9 6   1 

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Matrices & Determinant
 1 0  0 1  cos  sin  
A-4. If  =  , J =   and B =   , then B =
0 1  1 0  sin  cos 

 1 0 0 1  cos  sin  
;fn  =  , J =   vkSj B =   gks] rks B =
0 1  1 0  sin  cos 
(A*) cos + Jsin (B) cos ñ Jsin (C) sin + Jcos (D) ñ cos + Jsin
A-5. In an upper triangular matrix A = [aij]n ! n the elements aij = 0 for [15JM120030]
(A) i < j (B) i = j (C*) i > j (D) i  j
,d ]ijh f=kHkqtkdkj eSfV™Dl A = [aij]n ! n esa vo;o aij = 0 gksrk gS &
(A) i < j ds fy;s (B) i = j ds fy;s (C) i > j ds fy;s (D) i  j ds fy;s

3 x 2  ( x  2)2 5x 2 2x 
   
A-6_. Let A =  1  , B = [a b c] and C =  5x
2
2x ( x  1)2 
 6x   2x ( x  2 )2 5x2 
   
Where a, b, c and x  R, Given that tr (AB) = tr(C), then the value of (a + b + c).

3 x 2  ( x  2)2 5x 2 2x 
   
ekukfd A =  1  , B = [a b c] rFkk C =  5x
2
2x ( x  1)2 
 6x   2x ( x  2 )2 5x2 
   
tgk° a, b, c rFkk x  R, fn;k x;k gS fd tr (AB) = tr(C), rc (a + b + c) dk eku gS
(A*) 7 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 4

A-7. If A is a skew- symmetric matrix, then trace of A is [15JM120032]

(A) 1 (B) ñ 1 (C*) 0 (D) none of these
;fn A ,d fo"ke lefer eSfV™Dl gks] rks A dk vuqjs[k (trace) gSa ñ
(A) 1 (B) ñ 1 (C) 0 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

A-8. If A = diag (2, 1, 3), B = diag (1, 3, 2), then A2B = [15JM120034]
;fn A = diag (2, 1, 3), B = diag (1, 3, 2) gks] rks A2B =
(A) diag (5, 4, 11) (B*) diag ( 4, 3, 18) (C) diag (3, 1, 8) (D) B

p q
A-9. Let A =   such that det(A) = r where p, q, r all prime numbers, then trace of A is equal to
q p 

p q
ekuk A = q p  bl izdkj gS dh det(A) = r tgk° p, q, r vHkkT; la[;k;sa gS] rks A dk vuqjs[k cjkcj gS&
 
(A*) 6 (B) 5 (C) 2 (D) 3
0 1  31
A-10. A=   and rFkk (A8 + A6 + A4 + A2 + ) V =   .
2 0  62 
(Where  is the (2 ! 2) identity matrix), then the product of all elements of matrix V is
(tgk°  (2 ! 2) ÿe dk bdkbZ vkO;wg gS), rc vkO;wg V ds lHkh vo;o ds xq.kuQy gS
(A*) 2 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) ñ2

Section (B) : Determinant of Matrix

[k.M (B) : vkO;wg dk lkjf.kd
B-1. If A and B are square matrices of order 3 such that |A| = ñ 1, |B| = 3, then |3AB| is equal to [15JM120037]
;fn A vkSj B , 3 ÿe dh oxZ eSfV™Dl bl izdkj gS fd |A| = ñ 1, |B| = 3 gks] rks |3AB| dk eku gSa &
(A) ñ 9 (B*) ñ 81 (C) ñ 27 (D) 81

cos ñ1 x cos ñ1 y cos ñ1 z 

 
cos ñ1 y cos ñ1 z cos ñ1 x 
B-2. Let A =  such that |A| = 0, then maximum value of x + y + z is [15JM120127]
cos ñ1 z cos ñ1 x cos ñ1 y 
 

cos ñ1 x cos ñ1 y cos ñ1 z 

 
cos ñ1 y cos ñ1 z cos ñ1 x 
ekuk A=  bl izdkj gS fd |A| = 0, rks x + y + z dk vf/kdre eku gS&
cos ñ1 z cos ñ1 x cos ñ1 y 
 
(A*) 3 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2

1 2 1
B-3. The absolute value of the determinant 3  2 2 2  2 2 1 is: [15JM120126]
32 2 22 2 1
(A*) 16 2 (B) 8 2 (C) 8 (D) none

1 2 1
lkjf.kd 32 2 22 2 1 dk fujis{k eku gS&
32 2 22 2 1

(A) 16 2 (B) 8 2 (C) 8 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

  
B-4. If ,  &  are the roots of the equation x3 + px + q = 0, then the value of the determinant    =
  
[15JM120038]
(A) p (B) q (C) p2  2q (D*) none
  
;fn ,  vkSj  lehdj.k x3 + px + q = 0 ds ewy gks] rks lkjf.kd    dk eku gS ñ
  

(A) p (B) q (C) p2  2q (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

a a  a a 
x x 2 x x 2
1
B-5. If a, b, c > 0 & x, y, z  R, then the determinant b b  b b 
y y 2 y y 2
1 =
c c  c c 
z z 2 z z 2
1

(A) axbyc z (B) axbyc z (C) a2xb2yc 2z (D*) zero

a a  a a 
x x 2 x x 2
1
;fn a, b, c > 0 vkSj x, y, z  R gks] rks lkjf.kd b b  b b 
y y 2 y y 2
1 =
c c  c c 
z z 2 z z 2
1

(A) axbyc z (B) axbyc z (C) a2xb2yc 2z (D) 'kwU;

b2c2 bc b  c
If a, b & c are non-zero real numbers , then D = c a ca c  a =
2 2
B-6. [15JM120040]
a2b2 ab a  b

(A) abc (B) a2 b2 c 2 (C) bc + ca + ab (D*) zero

b2c2 bc b  c
;fn a, b vkSj c v'kwU; okLrfod la[;k,° gks] rks D = c2a2 ca c  a =
a2b2 ab a  b

(A) abc (B) a2 b2 c 2 (C) bc + ca + ab (D) 'kwU;

b1  c 1 c 1 a 1 a1b1
B-7. The determinant b 2 c 2 c 2 a 2 a 2 b 2 = [15JM120041]
b 3 c 3 c 3 a 3 a 3 b 3
a1 b1 c1 a1 b1 c1 a1 b1 c1
(A) a 2 b2 c2 (B*) 2 a 2 b2 c2 (C) 3 a 2 b2 c2 (D) none of these
a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3

b1  c 1 c 1 a 1 a1b1
lkjf.kd b 2 c 2 c 2 a 2 a 2 b 2 =
b 3 c 3 c 3 a 3 a 3 b 3

a1 b1 c1 a1 b1 c1 a1 b1 c1
(A) a 2 b2 c2 (B) 2 a 2 b2 c2 (C) 3 a 2 b2 c2 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3

x xy xyz
B-8. If x, y, z  R &  = 2x 5 x  2y 7 x  5 y  2z =  16 then value of x is [15JM120042]
3 x 7 x  3 y 9 x  7 y  3z
x xy xyz
;fn x, y, z  R rFkk  = 2x 5 x  2y 7x  5y  2z =  16 gks] rks x dk eku gS ñ
3 x 7 x  3 y 9 x  7 y  3z
(A)  2 (B)  3 (C*) 2 (D) 3

cos( ) sin() cos2

B-9. The determinant sin cos sin is:
cos sin cos
(A) 0 (B*) independent of  (C) independent of  (D) independent of  &  both
cos( ) sin() cos2
lkjf.kd sin cos sin dk eku gS&
cos sin cos

(A) 0 (B) ls LorU=k (C) ls LorU=k (D)  vkSj  nksuksa ls LorU=k

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B-10. Let A be set of all determinants of order 3 with entries 0 or 1, B be the subset of A consisting of all
determinants with value 1 and C be the subset of A consisting of all determinants with value ñ1. Then
STATEMENT -1 : The number of elements in set B is equal to number of elements in set C.
and
STATEMENT-2 : (B  C) A
(A) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(B*) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(C) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is false
(D) STATEMENT-1 is false, STATEMENT-2 is true
(E) Both STATEMENTS are false
ekukfd A dksfV 3 ds lHkh lkjf.kdksa ftuds vo;o 0 ;k 1 gS, dk leqPp; gSA leqPp; A ds mu lHkh lkjf.kdksa dk mileqPp;
B gS ftu lkjf.kdksa dk eku 1 gSA leqPp; A ds mu lHkh lkjf.kdksa dk mileqPp; C gS ftu lkjf.kdksa dk eku ñ1 gSA
rc
oDrO;-1 : leqPp; B esa vo;oksa dh la[;k leqPp; C esa vo;oksa dh la[;k ds cjkcj gSA
vkSj
oDrO;-2 : (B  C) A
(A) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2, dFku&1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSA
(B*) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2, dFku&1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 vlR; gSA
(D) dFku&1 vlR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gSA
(E) lHkh dFku vlR; gSA

Section (C) : Cofactor matrix, adj matrix and inverse of matrix.

[k.M (C) : lg[k.M vkO;wg] lg[k.Mt vkO;wg ,oa vkO;wg dk izfrykse
 1 2
C-1. If A =   , then adj A = [15JM120047]
2 1

 1 2
;fn A = 2 1 gks] rks adj A =
 

 1  2 2 1  1  2  1 2 
(A*)   (B)   (C)   (D)  
 2 1   1 1   2  1  2  1

cos   sin  0 
 
C-2. If A =  sin  cos  0  , then adj A = [15JM120048]
 0 0 1

cos   sin  0 
;fn A =  sin  cos  0  gks] rks adj A =
 0 0 1
(A*) A (B) I (C) O (D) A2

a 0 0
 
C-3. If A = 0 b 0 , then A1 = [15JM120049]
0 0 c 

a 0 0   a 0 0 1 / a 0 0 
   0 b 0   0 1/ b 0 
(A) 0 b 0  (B)   (C*)   (D) None of these
0 0 c   0 0  c  0 0 1 / c

a 0 0 
;fn A = 0 b 0  gks] rks A1 =
0 0 c 

a 0 0   a 0 0 1 / a 0 0 
   0 b 0   0 1/ b 0 
(A) 0 b 0  (B)   (C*)   (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
0 0 c   0 0  c  0 0 1 / c

C-4. If B is a non-singular matrix and A is a square matrix, then det (Bñ1 AB) is equal to [15JM120050]
;fn B ,d O;qRÿe.kh; eSfV™Dl vkSj A ,d oxZ eSfV™Dl gks] rks det(Bñ1 AB) =
(A) det (Añ1) (B) det (Bñ1) (C*) det (A) (D) det (B)

C-5. If A, B are two n ! n non-singular matrices, then [DR3077]

(A*) AB is non-singular (B) AB is singular
(C) (AB)ñ1 = Añ1 Bñ1 (D) (AB)ñ1 does not exist
;fn n ! n ÿe ds nks O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wg A ,oa B gks] rks&
(A) AB O;qRÿe.kh; gSaA (B) AB vO;qRÿe.kh; gSaA (C) (AB)ñ1 = Añ1 Bñ1 (D) (AB)ñ1 fo|eku ugha gSaA
1 2   1 0
C-6. Let A =   and B =   and X be a matrix such that A = BX, then X is equal to
3  5 0 2

1 2 4  1  2 4 2 4 
(A*)   (B)   (C)   (D) none of these
2 3  5 2  3 5 3  5

1 2  1 0
ekuk A = 3  5 ,oa B = 0 2 ,oa eSfV™Dl X bl izdkj gS fd A = BX gks] rks X =
   

1 2 4  1  2 4 2 4 
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
2 3  5 2  3 5 3  5
 ñ 1 2 ñ 3
 
C-7. Let A =  ñ 2 0 3  be a matrix, then (det A) x (adj Añ 1) is equal to [15JM120053]
 3 ñ 3 1 

 ñ 1 2 ñ 3 3 ñ3 1 
   
(A) O3 # 3 (B) 3 (C*)  ñ 2 0 3  (D)  3 0 ñ 2
 3 ñ 3 1   ñ 1 2 ñ 3

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 ñ 1 2 ñ 3
ekuk A =  ñ 2 0 3  dk vkO;wg gks] rks (det A) x (adj Añ 1) dk eku gSµ
 3 ñ 3 1 

 ñ 1 2 ñ 3 3 ñ3 1 
   
(A) O3 # 3 (B) 3 (C*)  ñ 2 0 3  (D)  3 0 ñ 2
 3 ñ 3 1   ñ 1 2 ñ 3

a 2  x 2 ab ñ cx ac  bx   x c ñb
   
ab  xc b2  x 2 bc  ax 
C-8. STATEMENT-1 : If A =  and B = ñ c x a  , then |A| =|B|2.
 ac ñ bx bc  ax c2  x2   b ñ a x 
 
STATEMENT-2 : If Ac is cofactor matrix of a square matrix A of order n then |Ac| = |A|nñ1.
(A*) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(B) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(C) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is false
(D) STATEMENT-1 is false, STATEMENT-2 is true
(E) Both STATEMENTS are false

a 2  x 2 ab ñ cx ac  bx   x c ñb
   
ab  xc b2  x 2 bc  ax 
dFku 1 : ;fn A=  2 2 vkSj B = ñ c x a  gks] rks |A| =|B|2.
 ac ñ bx bc  ax c x   b ñ a x 
 
dFku 2 : ;fn n ÿe ds oxZ vkO;wg A dk lg[k.M vkO;wg Ac gks] rks |Ac| = |A|nñ1 .
(A*) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2, dFku&1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSA
(B) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2, dFku&1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 vlR; gSA
(D) dFku&1 vlR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gSA
(E) lHkh dFku vlR; gSA

Section (D) : Charactristic equation and system of equations

[k.M (D) : vfHkyk{kf.kd lehdj.k ,oa lehdj.kksa dk fudk;
D-1. The system of equation  2x + y + z = 1, x  2y + z = 2, x + y + z = 4 will have no solution if
[15JM120055]
(A*)  =  2 (B)  = 1 (C)  = 3 (D) none of these
lehdj.k fudk;  2x + y + z = 1, x  2y + z = 2, x + y + z = 4 dk dksbZ gy ugha gS ;fn&
(A)  =  2 (B)  = 1 (C)  = 3 (D) buesa ls dksb Z ugha
D-2. The system of linear equations x + y  z = 6, x + 2y  3z = 14 and 2x + 5y  z = 9 (  R) has a unique
solution if [15JM120056]
jSf[kd lehdj.k fudk; x + y  z = 6, x + 2y  3z = 14 vkSj 2x + 5y  z = 9 (  R) dk vf}rh; gy gS ;fn&
(A)  = 8 (B*)   8 (C)  = 7 (D)   7
D-3. If the system of equations x + 2y + 3z = 4, x + py + 2z = 3, x + 4y + z = 3 has an infinite number of
solutions and solution triplet is [15JM120057]

 1
(A) p = 2,  = 3 and (5 ñ 4,  ñ 1 , ) (B) p = 2,  = 4 and (5 ñ 4, , 2)
2
 1
(C) 3 p = 2 and (5 ñ 4,  ñ 1, 2) (D*) p = 4,  = 2 and (5 ñ 4, , )
2

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Matrices & Determinant
;fn lehdj.k fudk; x + 2y + 3z = 4, x + py + 2z = 3, x + 4y + z = 3 ds vuUr gy gS rFkk gyf=kd~ gks] rks&
 1
(A) p = 2,  = 3 rFkk (5 ñ 4,  ñ 1 , ) (B) p = 2,  = 4 rFkk (5 ñ 4, , 2)
2
 1
(C) 3 p = 2 rFkk (5 ñ 4,  ñ 1, 2) (D*) p = 4,  = 2 rFkk (5 ñ 4, , )
2
D-4. Let  and  be real. Find the set of all values of  for which the system of linear equations have infinite solution
 real values of .
ekuk  vkSj  okLrfod gSA  ds lHkh ekuksa dk leqPp; Kkr dhft;s ftlds fy;s jSf[kd lehdj.kksa dk fudk; vuUr
gy j[krk gS] lHkh okLrfod  ds fy,]
x + (sin )y + (cos ) z = 0
x + (cos  )y + (sin ) z = 0
ñ x + (sin ) y + (cos ) z = 0
(A) (ñ  , 2 ) ( 2 ,  ) (B*) ñ 1
(C) (ñ5, ñ 2 ) (D) None of these buesa ls dksbZ ugha

a o b   x  0
     
1 e 1  y  0
D-5. Let A =  = where a,b, c, d, e  {0, 1} [15JM120059]
c o d  z  0
then number of such matrix A for which system of equation AX = 0 have unique solution.
(A) 16 (B*) 6 (C) 5 (D) none
a o b   x  0
     
ekuk A =  1 e 1  y  = 0 tgk° a,b, c, d, e  {0, 1}
c o d  z  0
rks bl izdkj ds vkO;wgksa A dh la[;k ftlds fy;s lehdj.k fudk; AX = 0 vf}rh; gy j[krk gks&
(A) 16 (B*) 6 (C) 5 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

1 0 2
D-6^. If A =  0 2 1  is a root of polynomial x  ñ 6x 2 + 7x + k = 0, then the value of k is
 2 0 3 

1 0 2
;fn A =  0 2 1  cgqin x ñ 6x2 + 7x + k = 0 dk ,d ewy gS rc k dk eku gS&
 2 0 3 
(A*) 2 (B) 4 (C) ñ2 (D) 1

PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN

Hkkx - III : dkWye dks lqesfyr dhft, (MATCH THE COLUMN )

1. Column  Column 

1 2 3 1
   
(A) 1 x 1 4 5 6  2  = 0 then x = (p) 2
 3 2 5   3 

 1  1
(B)_ If square matrix A =   and A2 ñ 2xA + 52 = 0, then find x (q) ñ2
2 3 

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 2    7
(C)_ If A =  2  and B =   here (A ñ B) is upper triangular (r) 1
 3   49  
matrix then number of possible values of  are

(b  c ) 2 a2 a2
9
(D) If b2 (c  a ) 2 b2 = k abc (a + b + c)3 (s) ñ
8
c2 c2 (a  b )2

then the value of k is

LrEHk  LrEHk 
1 2 3 1
   
(A) 1 x 1 4 5 6  2  = 0 gks] rks x = (p) 2
 3 2 5   3 

 1  1
(B)_ ;fn oxZ vkO;wg A = 2 3  vkSj A2 ñ 2xA + 52 = 0 gks] rc x dk eku gS (q) ñ2
 

2   7
(C)_ ;fn A =  2 3  rFkk B = 49   ;gk° (A ñ B) ]ijh f=kHkqtkdkj (r) 1
   
vkO;wg gS rc  ds laHkkfor ekuksa dh la[;k gS
(b  c ) 2 a2 a2
9
(D) ;fn b2 (c  a ) 2 b2 = k abc (a + b + c)3 (s) ñ
8
c2 c2 (a  b )2

gks] rks k dk eku gS&

Ans. (A)  (s), (B)  (p), (C)  (p), (D)  (p)
2. Column ñ  Column ñ 
(A)_ If A and B are square matrices of order 3 ! 3, where (p) 7
|A| = 2 and |B| = 1, then |(Añ1) . adj (Bñ1) . adj (2Añ1)| =
(B) If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A and (I + A)3 = I + kA, (q) 8
then k is equal to
(C) If A and B are two invertible matrices such that (r) 0
AB = C and |A| = 2, |C| = ñ 2,then det(B) is
(D) If A = [aij]3!3 is a scalar matrix with a11 = a22 = a33 (s) ñ1
= 2 and A(adjA) = k then k is
LrEHk  LrEHk 
(A)_ ;fn A rFkk B , 3 ! 3 ÿe ds oxZ vkO;wg gS] tgk° |A| = 2 rFkk (p) 7
|B| = 1 gS] rks |(Añ1) . adj (Bñ1) . adj (2Añ1)| =

(B) ;fn A ,d oxZ vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd A2 = A ,oa (I + A)3 = I + kA, (q) 8

rks k =

(C) ;fn A rFkk B nks izfrykse vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd (r) 0

AB = C rFkk |A| = 2, |C| = ñ 2 gks] rks det(B) =

(D) ;fn A = [aij]3!3 ,d vfn'k vkO;wg gS] tgk° (s) ñ1

a11 = a22 = a33 = 2 rFkk A(adjA) = k, rc k =
Ans. (A)  (q), (B)  (p), (C)  (s), (D)  (q)

PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

Hkkx-I : dsoy ,d lgh fodYi Ádkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)

1. If AB = O for the matrices [15JM120076]

 cos 2  cos  sin   cos 2  cos  sin 
A=   and B =   then  ñ  is
cos  sin  sin   cos  sin  sin2  
2


(A*) an odd multiple of (B) an odd multiple of 
2

(C) an even multiple of (D) 0
2

 cos 2  cos  sin   cos 2  cos  sin 

;fn A = cos  sin  sin2   vkSj B =   ds fy, AB = 0 gks] rks  ñ  gSa &
  cos  sin  sin2  

 
(A) dk fo"ke xq.kt (B)  dk fo"ke xq.kt (C) dk le xq.kt (D) 0
2 2

3  4
2. If X =   , then value of Xn is, (where n is natural number) [15JM120077]
 1  1

3n  4n 2  n 5  n  3n ( 4)n  2n  1 ñ 4n 

(A)   (B)   (C)  n n (D*)  
n n   n n  1 ( 1)   n ñ ( 2n ñ 1)

3  4
;fn X = 1  1 gks] rks Xn dk eku gS (tgk° n izkd`r la[;k gS)&
 

3n  4n 2  n 5  n  3n ( 4)n  2n  1 ñ 4n 

(A)   (B)   (C)  n  (D*)  
n n   n n  1 ( 1)n   n ñ ( 2n ñ 1)

3. If A and B are two matrices such that AB = B and BA = A, then A2 + B2 = [15JM120078]

;fn A vkSj B nks eSfV™Dl bl izdkj gS fd AB = B vkSj BA = A gks] rks A + B =
2 2

(A) 2AB (B) 2BA (C*) A + B (D) AB

4. Find number of all possible ordered sets of two (n ! n) matrices A and B for which AB ñ BA = 
[15JM120080]
(A) infinite (B) n2 (C) n! (D*) zero [DR3075]
(n ! n) ÿe ds vkO;wg A rFkk B ds ÿfer ;qXeksa ds fdrus leqPp; laHko gS tcfd AB ñ BA = 
(A) vuUr (B) n2 (C) n! (D*) 'kwU; [DR3075]
Ans. No such ordered pair is possible. (,slk dksbZ ÿfer ;qXe laHko ugha gS)

5. If B, C are square matrices of order n and if A = B + C, BC = CB, C2 = 0, then which of following is true for any
positive integer N
;fn B, C, n ÿe ds oxZ vkO;wg gS ;fn A = B + C, BC = CB, C2 = 0, rc fdlh /kukRed iw.kk±d N ds fy, fuEu esa ls
dkSulk lgh gS
(A*) AN + 1 = BN (B + (N + 1) C) (B) AN = BN (B + (N + 1) C)
(C) AN + 1 = B (B + (N + 1) C) (D) AN + 1 = BN (B + (N + 2) C)

7. Matrix A is such that A2 = 2A ñ , where  is the identity matrix. Then for n  2, An =

(A*) nA ñ (n ñ 1) (B) nA ñ  (C) 2n ñ 1 A ñ (n ñ 1) (D) 2n ñ 1 A ñ 
vkO;wg A bl izdkj gS fd A2 = 2A ñ , tgk°  rRled vkO;wg gS n  2 ds fy, An =
(A*) nA ñ (n ñ 1) (B) nA ñ  (C) 2n ñ 1 A ñ (n ñ 1) (D) 2n ñ 1 A ñ 

sin  cos  sin  sin  cos 

8. Let = cos  cos  cos  sin   sin  , then
 sin  sin  sin  cos  0
(A)  is independent of  (B*)  is indepedent of 
(C)  is a constant (D) none of these
sin  cos  sin  sin  cos 
ekuk  = cos  cos  cos  sin   sin  ] rks
 sin  sin  sin  cos  0

(A)  , ls LorU=k gSA (B)  , ls LorU=k gSA

(C)  ,d vpj gSA (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
1  a2  a 4 1  ab  a 2b 2 1  ac  a 2c 2
 = 1  ab  a b 1  b2  b4 1  bc  b 2c 2 is equal to [15JM120091]
2 2
9.
1  ac  a 2c 2 1  bc  b 2 c 2 1 c2  c 4

1  a2  a 4 1  ab  a 2b 2 1  ac  a 2c 2
 = 1  ab  a b 1  b2  b4 1  bc  b 2c 2
2 2
dk eku gS &
1  ac  a c 1  bc  b 2 c 2
2 2
1 c  c
2 4

(A*) (a ñ b)2 (b ñ c)2 (c ñ a)2 (B) 2(a ñ b) (b ñ c) (c ñ a)

a 2 1 ab ac
10. If D = ba b 1
2
bc then D =
ca cb c 12

(A*) 1 + a2 + b2 + c 2 (B) a2 + b2 + c 2 (C) (a + b + c)2 (D) none

a 2 1 ab ac
;fn D = ba b 12
bc rks D =
ca cb c 2 1

(A) 1 + a2 + b2 + c 2 (B) a2 + b2 + c 2 (C) (a + b + c)2 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

a3  x a 4  x a5  x
Value of the  = a  x a  x a  x is
5 6 7
11. dk eku gS & [15JM120093]
a 7  x a8  x a 9  x

(A*) 0 (B) (a3 ñ 1) (a6 ñ 1) (a9 ñ 1)

2a b e f 2d e
2d e f 2z 4 x 2 y
12. If 1 = , 2 = , then the value of 1 ñ 2 is [15JM120096]
4 x 2 y 2z e 2a b

2a b e f 2d e

;fn 1 = 2d e f
, 2 =
2z 4 x 2 y
gks] rks 1 ñ 2 dk eku gS &
4 x 2 y 2z e 2a b

y
(A) x + +z (B) 2 (C*) 0 (D) 3
2

13. If a, b, c are non zeros, then the system of equations

( + a) x + y + z = 0
x + ( + b)y + z = 0
x + y + ( + c)z = 0 has a non-trivial solution if
(A*) ñ1 = ñ (añ1 + bñ1 + c ñ1) (B) ñ1 = a + b + c
(C)  + a + b + c = 1 (D) none of these
;fn a, b, c v'kwU; gSa] rks lehdj.k fudk;
( + a) x + y + z = 0
x + ( + b)y + z = 0
x + y + ( + c)z = 0
ds v'kwU; gy gksxsa ;fn
(A) ñ1 = ñ (añ1 + bñ1 + c ñ1) (B) ñ1 = a + b + c
(C)  + a + b + c = 1 (D) buesa ls dksb Z ugha

14. From the matrix equation AB = AC, we conclude B = C provided: [15JM120100]

(A) A is singular (B*) A is nonsingular (C) A is symmetric (D) A is a square
vkO;wg lehdj.k AB = AC ls ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd B = C tcfd&
(A) A vO;qR ÿe.kh; gksA (B) A O;qR ÿe.kh; gksA (C) A lefer gksA (D) A oxZ eSfV™Dl gksA

15. If A is a square matrix of order n ! n and k is a scalar, then adj (kA) is equal to
;fn A ,d n ! n ÿe dh oxZ vkO;wg vkSj k vfn'k gks] rks adj (kA) cjkcj gS ñ [15JM120102]
(A) k adj A (B) kn adj A (C*) kn ñ 1 adj A (D) kn + 1 adj A

cos   sin  0  cos  0 sin  

 sin  cos  0  0 1 0  , then [F () G ()]1= [15JM120103]
16. If F () =   and G () = 
 0 0 1  sin  0 cos 

cos   sin  0  cos  0 sin  

 sin  cos  0  0 1 0  gks] rks [F () G ()]1=
;fn F () =   vkSj G () = 
 0 0 1  sin  0 cos 
(A) F ()  G() (B)  F ()  G () (C) [F()]1 [G()]1 (D*) [G()]1 [F()]1

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PART - II : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE
Hkkx - II : ,dy ,oa f}&iw.kk±d eku izdkj ºSINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE1

1_. Let X be the solution set of the equation

0 1 1
 
4 3 4 
Ax = , where A =  and  is the unit matrix and X  N then the minimum value of
3 3 4 

 (cos
x
x
  sinx ) , R is :

0 1 1
 
4 3 4 
ekuk X lehdj.k Ax =  dk gy leqPp; gS tgk° A=  rFkk  bdkbZ vkO;wg gS rFkk X  N rc
3 3 4 

 (cos
x
x
  sinx ) , R dk U;wure eku gS :
Ans. 2

2_. If A is a diagonal matrix of order 3 ! 3 is commutative with every square matrix of order 3 ! 3 under
multiplication and tr(A) = 12, then the value of |A| is :
;fn A, ,d 3 ! 3 ÿe dk fod.kZ vkO;wg gS tks xq.ku ds vUrZxr 3 ! 3 ÿe ds izR;sd oxZ vkO;wg ds lkFk ÿefofues; gS
rFkk tr(A) = 12 rc |A| dk eku gS :
Ans. 64
3^. A, is a (3!3) diagonal matrix having integral entries such that det (A) = 120, number of such matrices is 10n.
Then n is :
A, ,d (3!3) ÿe dk fod.kZ vkO;wg gS ftlesa iw.kk±d vo;o bl izdkj gS fd (A) = 120 rFkk bl izdkj ds vkO;wgksa dh la[;k
10n gS rc n dk eku gS :
Ans. 36
bc c a ab
c a ab bc ab
4^. If > 0 , where a, b, c  R+ ñ {0}, then is
ab bc c a c

bc c a ab
ab
;fn c  a a  b b  c > 0 , tgk° a, b, c  R+ ñ {0}, rc gS&
ab bc c a c
Ans. 2

a1 a2 a3
5 4 a6
5^. If a1, a2, a3 , 5, 4, a6, a7, a8, a9 are in H.P. and D = , then the value of 21D is
a7 a8 a9
(Where [.] represents, the greatest integer function)

a1 a2 a3

;fn a1, a2, a3 , 5, 4, a6, a7, a8, a9 gjkRed Js.kh es gSa rFkk D = 5 4 a6
, rks 21D dk eku gS
a7 a8 a9

(tgk° [.] egŸke iw.kk±d dks iznf'kZr djrk gS) Ans. 50

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Matrices & Determinant
a  b  2c a b
c b  c  2a b
6. If ;fn = k(a + b + c)3 , then rc (2ñ)k is (  k  z+) gS
c a c  a  2b
Ans. 4

7^. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and A denotes transpose of matrix A, A A =  and det A = 1, then
det (A ñ ) must be equal to
Ans. 0
;fn A ,d rhu ÿe dk oxZ vkO;wg gS rFkk A vkO;wg A dh ifjorZ vkO;wg dks iznf'kZr djrk gS rFkk AA = I ,oa
det A = 1 rc det (A ñ ) cjkcj gksuk pkfg,&
Ans. 0

8^. Suppose A is a matrix such that A2 = A and ( + A)6 =  + kA, then k is

ekuk A ,d vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd A2 = A rFkk ( + A)6 =  + kA gks] rks k dk eku gS&
Ans. 63

bc b 2  b c c2  b c
9^. If a 2  a c a c c2  a c = 64, then (ab + bc + ac) is :
a 2  a b b2  a b a b

bc b 2  b c c2  b c
;fn a 2  a c a c c2  a c = 64, rc (ab + bc + ac) gS :
a 2  a b b2  a b a b

Ans. 4

1  sin 2 x cos 2 x 4 sin 2x

10^. Let f(x) = sin x2
1  cos x2
4 sin 2x then the maximum value of f(x) is
sin 2 x cos 2 x 1  4 sin 2x

1  sin 2 x cos 2 x 4 sin 2x

;fn f(x) = sin x 2
1  cos x 2
4 sin 2x gks] rks f(x) dk vf/kdre eku gS ñ
sin x 2
cos x2
1  4 sin 2x

Ans. 6

n 1 5 N N

11^. If Un = n
2
2N  1 2N  1 and  U n =  
n 1
n2 , then  is
n 1
n3 3N 2
3N  1

n 1 5 N N

;fn Un = n 2
2N  1 2N  1 vkSj  Un =   n2 , rc  gS&
n 1 n 1
n 3
3N 2
3N  1
Ans. 2

12. The absolute value of a for which system of equations, a3x + (a + 1)3y + (a + 2)3z = 0,
ax + (a + 1) y + (a + 2) z = 0, x + y + z = 0, has a nonzero solution is:
Hindi. a dk fujis{k eku gksxk ftlds fy, lehdj.kksa a3x + (a + 1)3y + (a + 2)3z = 0,
ax + (a + 1) y + (a + 2) z = 0, x + y + z = 0, dk fudk;] v'kwU; gy j[krk gS &
Ans. 1
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13. Consider the system of linear equations in x, y, z:
(sin 3) x  y + z = 0
(cos 2) x + 4y + 3z = 0
2x + 7y + 7z = 0
Number of values of  (0, ) for which this system has non  trivial solution, is
Hindi. ekuk fd x, y, z esa jsf[kd lehdj.kksa dk fudk; gS
(sin 3) x  y + z = 0
(cos 2) x + 4y + 3z = 0
2x + 7y + 7z = 0
 (0, ) ds ekuksa dh la[;k gksxh ftlds fy, ;g fudk; v'kwU; gy j[krk gSA
Ans. 2

14^. The value of ë 2k ë for which the set of equations 3x + ky  2z = 0, x + ky + 3z = 0, 2 x + 3 y  4 z =

0 has a non  trivial solution over the set of rational is:
2k dk og eku ftlds fy;s lehdj.k fudk; 3x + ky  2z = 0, x + ky + 3z = 0, 2 x + 3 y  4 z = 0 dk
v'kwU; gy ºifjes; la[;kvksa ds leqPp; esa lsK fo|eku gS] gksxk &
Ans. 33

15^. A1 = [ a1]
a a3 
A2   2
a 4 a5 
 a6 a7 a8 
 
A3   a9 a10 a11  ......................An  ........
a12 a13 a14 

Where ar = [ log2r ] ([.] denotes greatest integer). Then trace of A10

A1 = [ a1]
a a3 
A2   2
a 4 a5 
 a6 a7 a8 
 
A3   a9 a10 a11  ......................An  ........
a12 a13 a14 

tgk° ar = [ log2r ] ([.] egŸke iw.kk±d dks iznf'kZr djrk gS) rks vuqjs[k A10 dk eku gS : [DR3071]
Ans. 80

   
1
   13  3 3   2 3 4
1  2    
16. If  ( A  A   )  =   17 10  1  for A =
 5  4  3 , then  is :
 2   
7  11 5   7 2 9 
 
 

   
1
   13  3 3   2 3 4
1  2    
;fn  ( A  A   )  =   17 10  1  , A =
 5  4  3 ds fy,, rc  gS :
2   
7  11 5   7 2 9 
 
 

Ans.  = 39

2 0   
 
17^. Given A = 5  0  For   R  {a, b}, Añ1 exists and A1 = A2 5bA + cI, when = 1. The value of
0  3 
a + 5b + c is :

2 0   
 
fn;k x;k gS A = 5  0  ,   R  {a, b} ds fy, Añ1 fo|eku gS rFkk A1 = A2 5bA + cI, rc = 1 rc
0  3 

a + 5b + c dk eku gS :
Ans. 17

PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

Hkkx - III : ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd lgh fodYi Ádkj
1. Which one of the following is wrong ?
(A*) The elements on the main diagonal of a symmetric matrix are all zero
(B) The elements on the main diagonal of a skew - symmetric matrix are all zero
(C) For any square matrix A, A A is symmetric
(D*) For any square matrix A, (A + A)2 = A2 + (A)2 + 2AA
fuEu esa ls dkSulk dFku xyr gSa ñ
(A*) ,d lefer eSfV™Dl ds eq[; fod.kZ ds lHkh vo;o 'kwU; gksrs gSaA
(B) ,d fo"ke lefer eSfV™Dl ds eq[; fod.kZ ds lHkh vo;o 'kwU; gksrs gSaA
(C) fdlh oxZ eSfV™Dl A ds fy,] A A lefer gSaA
(D*) fdlh oxZ eSfV™Dl A ds fy,] (A + A)2 = A2 + (A)2 + 2AA gSaA
1  1
2. Which of the following is true for matrix A =  
2 3 
(A) A + 4I is a symmetric matrix
(B*) A2  4A + 5I2 = 0
  1
(C*) A  B is a diagonal matrix for any value of  if B =  
2 5 
(D) A  4I is a skew symmetric matrix

1  1
A=   ds fy, fuEu esa ls dkSulk dFku lgh gSa &
2 3 
(A) A + 4I ,d lefer vkO;wg gSA
(B*) A2  4A + 5I2 = 0
  1
(C*) A  B,  ds fdlh Hkh eku ds fy, fod.kZ vkO;wg gS ;fn B =  
2 5
(D) A  4I ,d fo"ke lefer vkO;wg gSA

3. Suppose a1, a2, a3 are in A.P. and b1, b2, b3 are in H.P. and let
a 1  b1 a1  b 2 a1  b 3
 = a 2  b1 a 2  b 2 a 2  b 3 , then
a 3  b1 a 3  b 2 a3  b3
(A*)  is independent of a1, a2, a3, (B*) a1  , a2  2, a3  3 are in A.P.
(C*) b1 + , b2 + 2, b3 +  are in H.P. (D*)  is independent of b1, b2, b3

a 1  b1 a1  b 2 a1  b 3
ekuk a1, a2, a3 lekUrj Js<+h esa gSa vkSj b1, b2, b3 gjkRed Js<+h esa gSaA ;fn  = a 2  b1 a 2  b 2 a 2  b3 gks]
a 3  b1 a 3  b 2 a3  b3

rks
(A)  , a1, a2, a3, ls LorU=k gSA (B) a1  , a2  2, a3  3 lekUrj Js<+h esa gSA
(C) b1 + , b2 + 2, b3 +  gjkRed Js<+h esa gSaA (D)  dk eku b1, b2, b3 ls LorU=k gSA

x 2y  z z
y 2x  z z
4. If  = , then
y 2y  z 2 x  2y  z
(A*) x ñ y is a factor of  (B*) (x ñ y)2 is a factor of 
(C) (x ñ y)3 is a factor of  (D)  is independent of z

x 2y  z z

;fn  = y 2x  z z
gks, rks
y 2y  z 2 x  2y  z

(A) x ñ y ,  dk ,d xq.ku[k.M gSA (B) (x ñ y)2 , dk ,d xq.ku[k.M gSaA

x a b
5. Let a, b > 0 and  = b x a , then [15JM120108]
a b x
(A*) a + b ñ x is a factor of  (B*) x 2 + (a + b)x + a2 + b2 ñ ab is a factor of 
(C*)  = 0 has three real roots if a = b (D) a + b + x is a factor of 
x a b
ekuk a, b > 0 vkSj  = b x a gks] rks
a b x

(A) a + b ñ x , dk ,d xq.ku[k.M gSA (B) x 2 + (a + b)x + a2 + b2 ñ ab , dk ,d xq.ku[k.M gSA

b c b  c
6. The determinent  = c d c  d is equal to zero if
b  c c  d a  c 3

(A) b, c, d are in A.P. (B*) b, c, d are in G.P.

(C) b, c, d are in H.P. (D*)  is a root of ax 3 ñ bx 2 ñ 3cx ñ d = 0
b c b  c
lkjf.kd c d c  d dk eku 'kwU; gksxk] ;fn
b  c c  d a 3  c

(A) b, c, d l-Js- esa gSaA (B) b, c, d xq-Js- esa gSaA

a 2 (1  x ) ab ac
7^. The determinant  = ab b (1  x )
2
bc is divisible by
ac bc c (1  x )
2

a 2 (1  x ) ab ac
lkjf.kd  = ab b (1  x )
2
bc dk ,d xq.ku[k.M gS&
ac bc c (1  x )
2

(A) x + 3 (B) (1 + x)2 (C) x 2 (D) x 2 + 1

a x e xna x2
3 x
8^. If f(x) = a e 3 xna x 4 , then
a 5 x e 5 xna 1

a x e xna x2
;fn f(x) = a 3 x e 3 xna x 4 gks] rks
a 5 x e 5 xna 1

(A*) f 2(x) ñ f 2(ñ x) = 0 (B) f(x) . f(ñ x) = 0

(C*) f(x) + f(ñ x) = 0 (D) f(x) ñ f(ñ x) = 0

9^. If A is a nonsingular matrix and AT denotes the transpose of A, then

;fn A ,d O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wg gS vkSj AT ] A ds ifjorZ dks iznf'kZr djrk gks] rks ñ
(A) A  AT (B*) A. AT A 2
(C*) AT. A AT2 (D*) A+AT  0

2 sin x sin 2 x 0
10. Let f(x) = 1 2 sin x sin 2 x , then
0 1 2 sin x

(A) f(x) is independent of x (B*) f(/2) = 0

/2

(C*)  f ( x )dx  0
 / 2
(D*) tangent to the curve y = f(x) at x = 0 is y = 0

2 sin x sin 2 x 0
;fn f(x) = 1 2 sin x sin 2 x gks] rks
0 1 2 sin x

(A) f(x), x ls Lora=k gSA (B*) f(/2) = 0

/2

(C*)  f ( x )dx  0
 / 2
(D*) x = 0 ij oÿ y = f(x) dh Li'kZ js[kk y = 0 gSA

1 x x2
2
11. Let  = x 1 x , then
2
x x 1

(A) 1 ñ x 3 is a factor of  (B) (1 ñ x 3)2 is factor of 

1 x x2
2
;fn  = x 1 x gks] rks &
x x2 1

(A)  dk ,d xq.ku[k.M 1 ñ x 3 gSA (B) dk ,d xq.ku[k.M (1 ñ x 3)2 gSA

1/ x log x xn
12. Let f(x) = 1  1/ n ( 1)n , then (where f n(x) denotes nth derivative of f(x))
1 a a2

(A*) f n (1) is indepedent of a

(B*) f n (1) is indepedent of n
(C) f n(1) depends on a and n
(D*) y = a(x - f n (1)) represents a straight line through the origin
1/ x log x xn
ekuk f(x) = 1  1/ n ( 1)n gks] rks (tgk° fn(x), f(x) dk nok° vodyt gSA)
2
1 a a
(A*) f (1) , a ls Lora=k gSA
n

(B*) f n (1) , n ls Lora=k gSA

(C) f n(1) , a ,oa n ij fuHkZj djrk gSa
(D*) y = a(x - f n (1)) ,d ljy js[kk dks iznf'kZr djrk gS tks ewy fcUnq ls xqtjrh gSA

2 cos x 1 0
13. Let f(x) = 1 2 cos x 1 , then
0 1 2 cos x

(A*)  f ( x )dx  0
0
(B*) maximum value of f(x) is 4

lim f(x) = 0
(C*) x  (D*) f(0) = 0
/2

2 cos x 1 0
ekuk f(x) = 1 2 cos x 1 gks] rks
0 1 2 cos x

(A*)  f ( x )dx  0
0
(B*) f(x) dk vf/kdre eku 4 gSA

lim f(x) = 0
(C*) x  (D*) f(0) = 0
/2

14^. If D is a determinant of order three and  is a determinant formed by the cofactors of determinant D ;
then
(A*)  = D2 (B*) D = 0 implies  = 0
(C*) if D = 27, then  is perfect cube (D*) if D = 27, then  is perfect square
;fn D ,d rhu ÿe dk lkjf.kd gks rFkk  D ds lg[k.Mksa ls fufeZr lkjf.kd gks] rks&
(A*)  = D2 (B*) D = 0, rks  = 0
(C*) ;fn D = 27 gks] rks  iw.kZ ?ku gSA (D*) ;fn D = 27 gks rks  ,d iw.kZo xZ gSA

a b (a  b)
15.
 
Matrix b c ( b  c) is non invertible if
 
2 1 0 
(A*)  = 1/2 (B) a, b, c are in A.P. (C*) a, b, c are in G.P. (D) a, b, c are in H.P.

a b (a  b)
vkO;wg  b c ( b  c) vizfrykseh; gS ;fn&
2 1 0 
(A*)  = 1/2 (B) a, b, c lekUrj Js<+h esa gSA
(C*) a, b, c xq.kksŸkj Js<+h esa gSA (D) a, b, c gjkRed Js<+h esa gSA

16. Let A, B, C, D be real matrices such that AT = BCD ; BT = CDA ; CT = DAB and DT = ABC for the matrix
M = ABCD, then find M2016 ?
ekuk fd A, B, C, D okLrfod vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd AT = BCD ; BT = CDA ; CT = DAB vkSj DT = ABC rc vkO;wg
ds fy, M = ABCD ds fy, M2016 dk eku gS ?
(A) M (B*) M2 (C) M3 (D*) M4

17. Let A and B be two 2 ! 2 matrix with real entries. If AB = O and tr(A) = tr(B) = 0 then [15JM120110]
(A*) A and B are comutative w.r.t. operation of multiplication.
(B) A and B are not commutative w.r.t. operation of multiplication.
(C) A and B are both null matrices.
(D*) BA = 0
ekuk A rFkk B, nks 2 ! 2 dk okLrfod vkO;wg gS ;fn AB = O rFkk tr(A) = tr(B) = 0 gks rks
(A*) xq.ku lafÿ;k ds lkis{k A rFkk B ÿefofue; gSA
(B) xq.ku lafÿ;k ds lkis{k A rFkk B ÿefofue; ugha gSA
(C) A rFkk B nksuksa fjDr vkO;wg gSA
(D*) BA = 0

 1 1 0 
 
0 2 1 
18. If Añ1 =  , then [15JM120111]
 0 0  1 
(A) | A | = 2 (B*) A is non-singular

 1/ 2  1/ 2 0 
 
0 1 1/ 2
(C*) Adj. A =   (D) A is skew symmetric matrix
 0 0  1/ 2 

 1 1 0 
 
;fn Añ1 =  0  2 1  gks] rks &
 0 0  1 

(A) | A | = 2 (B*) A O;qRÿe.kh; gSaA

 1/ 2  1/ 2 0 
 
0 1 1/ 2
(C*) Adj. A =   (D) A fo"ke lefer eSfV™Dl gSaA
 0 0  1/ 2 

19^. If A and B are square matrices of order 3, then the true statement is/are (where I is unit matrix).
(A*) det ( A) =  det A (B*) If AB is singular then atleast one of A or B is singular
(C) det (A + I) = 1 + det A (D*) det (2A) = 23 det A
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Matrices & Determinant
;fn A vkSj B, 3 ÿe dk oxZ vkO;wg gks] rks fuEu esa ls lgh dFku gSa ºtgk° I bdkbZ vkO;wg gSaK &
(A*) det ( A) =  det A
(B*) ;fn AB vO;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wg gS rc A ;k B es ls de ls de ,d vO;qRÿe.kh; gSA
(C) det (A + I) = 1 + det A
(D*) det (2A) = 23 det A

20^. Let M be a 3 ! 3 non-singular matrix with det(M) = 4. If Mñ 1 adj(adj M) = k2, then the value of 'k' may be :
ekuk M ,d 3 ! 3 ÿe dk O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wg gS tgk° det(M) = 4 ;fn Mñ 1 adj(adj M) = k2rks 'k' dk eku gks ldrk
gS&
(A*) +2 (B) 4 (C*) ñ2 (D) ñ4

21_. If AX = B where A is 3 ! 3 and X and B are 3!1 matrices then which of the following is correct?
(A) If |A| = 0 then AX = B has infinite solutions
(B*) If AX = B has infinite solutions then |A| = 0
(C*) If B adj(A) = 0 and |A|  0 then AX = B has unique solution
(D*) If B adj(A)  0 & |A| = 0 then AX = B has no solution
;fn AX = B tgk° A ,d 3 ! 3 ÿe dk vkO;wg gS vkSj X vkSj B, 3!1 ÿe dk vkO;wg gS rc fuEu es ls dkSulk lgh gS
?
(A) ;fn |A| = 0 rc AX = B ds vuUr gy gSA
(B*) ;fn AX = B ds vuUr gy gS rc |A| = 0
(C*) ;fn B adj(A) = 0 vkSj |A|  0 rc AX = B vf}rh; gy j[krk gSA
(D*) ;fn B adj(A)  0 vkSj |A| = 0 rc AX = B dk dksbZ gy ugh gSA

22^. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true fuEu es ls dkSulk dFku lR; gS:
4 x  5 y  2z  2
(A*) The system of equations 5 x  4 y  2 z  3 is Inconsistent.
2x  2y  8z  1

4 x  5 y  2z  2
lehdj.k fudk; 5 x  4 y  2 z  3 vlaxr gSA
2x  2y  8z  1
(B) A matrix ëAí has 6 elements. The number of possible orders of A is 6.
,d eSfV™Dl A esa 6 vo;o gSa] rc A ds lHkh laHko ÿeksa (orders) dh la[;k 6 gSA
10 0 
(C*) For any 2 ! 2 matrix A, if A (adjA) =   , then |A| = 10.
 0 10 

10 0
fdlh 2 ! 2 ÿe ds eSfV™Dl ds fy, ;fn A (adjA) =  0 10  gks] rks |A| = 10.
 
(D*) If A is skew symmetric, then BAB is also skew symmetric.
;fn A fo"ke lefer gS] rks BAB Hkh fo"ke lefer gksxkA

a b
23. If A =   (where bc  0) satisfies the equations x 2 + k = 0, then [15JM120114]
c d
(A*) a + d = 0 (B) k = ñ |A| (C*) k = |A| (D) a + d  0
a b
;fn A =   (tgk° bc  0) lehdj.k x 2 + k = 0 dks larq"V djrk gks] rks &
c d
(A*) a + d = 0 (B) k = ñ |A| (C*) k = |A| (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

Hkkx - IV : vuqPNsn (COMPREHENSION)

Comprehension # 1
vuqPNsn # 1
Let be the set of all 3!3 symmetric matrices whose entries are 1,1,1,0,0,0,ñ1, ñ1, ñ1. B is one of the
matrix in set and

x 0 1

     
y 0 0
X=   U=   V=  .
 z  0 0

1*. Number of such matrices B in set is , then  lies in the interval

(A*) (30, 40) (B) (38, 40) (C*) (34, 38) (D) (25, 35)

2*. Number of matrices B such that equation BX = U has infinite solutions

(A*) is at least 6 (B) is not more than 10 (C*) lie between 8 to 16 (D) is zero.
3*. The equation BX = V
(A*) is inconsistent for atleast 3 matrices B.
(B) is inconsistent for all matrices B.
(C*) is inconsistent for at most 12 matrices B.
(D) has infinite number of solutions for at least 3 matrices B.

vuqPNsn # 1

ekuk lHkh 3!3 ÿe dh lefer vkO;wgksa dk leqPp; gS] ftuds vo;o 1,1,1,0,0,0,ñ1, ñ1, ñ1 gSaA ekuk B leqPp;
dk ,d vkO;wg gS vkSj
x 0 1
     
y 0 0
X=   U=   V=  
 z  0 0

rks fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mŸkj nhft,A

1*. ;fn leqPp; esa bl izdkj ds vkO;wgks B dh la[;k gSa] rks  vUrjky esa fLFkr gS&
(A*) (30, 40) (B) (38, 40) (C*) (34, 38) (D) (25, 35)

2*. ;fn lehdj.k BX = U vuUr gy j[krk gS] rks vkO;wgksa B dh la[;k gksxh &
(A*) de ls de 6 (B) 10 ls vf/kd ugha
(C*) 8 ls 16 ds e/; (D) 'kwU; gS

3*. lehdj.k BX = V
(A*) de ls de rhu vkO;wg B ds fy, valxr gSA
(B) lHkh vkO;wg B ds fy, valxr gSA
(C*) vf/kdre 12 vkO;wg B ds fy, valxr gSA
(D) de ls de rhu vkO;wg B ds fy, vUkUr gy fo|eku gSA

4. If A and B are two square matrices such that AB = A & BA = B, then A & B are
(A*) Idempotent matrices (B) Involutory matrices
(C) Orthogonal matrices (D) Nilpotent matrices

 0 2  
 
5. If the matrix      is orthogonal, then
    

1 1 1
(A)  = ± (B)  = ± (C)  = ± (D*) all of these
2 6 3

 1 1 3 
 
6. The matrix A =  5 2 6  is
 2  1  3 

(A) idempotent matrix (B) involutory matrix

(C*) nilpotent matrix (D) none of these

vuqPNsn # 2
dqN fo'ks"k oxZ vkO;wg fuEuizdkj ifjHkkf"kr gS

'kwU;Hkkoh vkO;wg (Nilpotent matrix) : ;fn dksbZ oxZ vkO;wg A bl izdkj gS fd A2 = O gks] rks vkO;wg A dks 'kwU;Hkkoh
vkO;wg ºÿe 2K dgrs gSaA ,d oxZ vkO;wg p ÿe dh 'kwU;Hkkoh vkO;wg dgk tkrk gS ;fn p lcls de /kukRed iw.kk±d
bl izdkj gks fd Ap = O.
oxZl e vkO;wg (Idempotent matrix) : ,d oxZ vkO;wg A dks oxZle dgk tkrk gS ;fn A2 = A.
 1 0
tSls   ,d oxZle vkO;wg gSaA
0 1

vUroZyuh; vkO;wg (Involutory matrix) : ,d oxZ vkO;wg A dks vUroZyuh; dgk tkrk gS ;fn A2 = , bdkbZ
vkO;wg gSA
 1 0
tSls A =   ,d vUroZyuh; vkO;wg gSaA
0 1
ykfEcd vkO;wg (Orthogonal matrix) : ,d oxZ vkO;wg A dks ykfEcd vkO;wg dgk tkrk gSa
;fn A A =  = AA.
4. ;fn A vkSj B nks oxZ vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd AB = A ,oa BA = B gks] rks A vkSj B gSa &
(A*) oxZle vkO;wg (B) vUroZyuh; vkO;wg (C) ykfEcd vkO;wg (D) 'kwU;Hkkoh vkO;wg

 0 2  
 
5. ;fn vkO;wg      ykfEcd vkO;wg gks] rks&
    

1 1 1
(A)  = ± (B)  = ± (C)  = ± (D*) mijksDr lHkh
2 6 3

 1 1 3 
 
5 2 6 
6. vkO;wg A=  gS &
 2  1  3 

(A) oxZle vkO;wg (B) vUroZyuh; vkO;wg

(C*) 'kwU;Hkkoh vkO;wg (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Comprehension # 3
Rank is a number associated with a matrix which is the highest order of non-singular sub matrix.

 1 3  2
 
4 1 0 
7. Rank of the matrix A =  is
2  7 4 
(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 3 (D) 0

y  a b c 
 
8. If the matrix A =  a y  b c  has rank 3, then
 a b y  c 
(A) y  (a + b + c) (B) y  1
(C) y = 0 (D*) y  ñ (a + b + c) and y  0

9. If A & B are two square matrices of order 3 such that rank of matrix AB is two, then
(A) A & B both are singular (B) A & B both are non-singular
(C*) Atleast one of A & B is singular (D) Atleast one of A & B is non-singular

vuqPNsn # 3
dksfV ,d la[;k gS tksfd vkO;wg dh mPpre ÿe dh O;qRÿe.kh; mi vkO;wg gksrh gSA
 1 3  2
 
4 1 0 
7. Rank of the matrix A =  is
2  7 4 

 1 3  2
 
vkO;wg A = 4  1 0  dh dksfV gS
2  7 4 
(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 3 (D) 0

y  a b c 
 
8. ;fn vkO;wg A=  a yb c  dh dksfV 3 gks] rks ñ
 a b y  c 
(A) y  (a + b + c) (B) y  1
(C) y = 0 (D*) y  ñ (a + b + c) rFkk y  0
9. ;fn A vkSj B rhu ÿe ds nks oxZ vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd vkO;wg AB dh dksfV nks gS] rc
(A) A vkSj B nksuks vO;qRÿe.kh; gSA (B) A vkSj B nksuks O;qRÿe.kh; gSA
(C*) A vkSj B esa ls de ls de ,d vO;qRÿe.kh; gSA (D) A vkSj B esa de ls de ,d O;qRÿe.kh; gSA
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PART - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

Hkkx - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE ºfiNys o"kksZ. ds iz'u

* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
* fpfUgr iz'u ,d ls vf/kd lgh fodYi okys iz'u gS -

 3 1 
   1 1
1. If P =  2 2 ,A=   and Q = PAP
APT and x = PTQ2005P, then x is equal to
 1 3 0 1
 2 2 
[IIT-JEE 2005 Scr, (3, ñ 1), 84]

 3 1 
   1 1
;fn P=  2 2 ,A=   vkSj Q = PAP
APT rFkk x = PTQ2005P gks] rks x =
 1 3 0 1
 2 2 

 1 2005  4  2005 3 6015 

(A*)   (B)  
0 1   2005 4  2005 3 

1 2  3 1  1  2005 2  3
(C)   (D)  
4   1 2  3  4 2  3 2005 

 2 
2. If for the matrix A =   ; |A3| = 125, then the value of  is [IIT-JEE 2005 Main, (3 ñ 1), 84]
2 

 2
;fn vkO;wg A =  2   ds fy, |A3| = 125 gks] rks  dk eku gS &
 
(A) ± 1 (B) ± 4 (C*) ± 3 (D) ± 2
IIT-JEE - 2006
Comprehension # 1 (Q. No. 3 to Q. No. 5)
1 0 0 1 2
     
2 1 0   , AU2 =  3  and
0
A=  , if U1, U2, and U3 are columns matrices satisfying AU1 =
 3 2 1   0   0 

2
 
3
AU3 =   . If U is 3 ' 3 matrix whose columns are U1, U2, U3 then answer the following questions
 1 

vuq P Ns n
1 0 0 1 2 2
     
A =  2 1 0  , ;fn U1, U2, vkSj U3 LrEHk vkO;wg gSa tks AU1 =  0  , AU2 = 3 vkSj AU3 =  3  dks larq"V
 3 2 1   0   0   1 

djrs gSaA ;fn U, 3 ' 3 ÿe dk vkO;wg gS ftlds LrEHk U1, U2, U3 gS] rks fuEu iz'uksa ds mŸkj nhft, &
3. The value of |U| is
|U| dk eku gSa & [IIT-JEE 2006 (5, ñ2) 184]
(A*) 3 (B) ñ3 (C) 3/2 (D) 2
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4. The sum of the elements of Uñ1 is

Uñ1 ds vo;oksa dk ;ksxQy gS & [IIT-JEE 2006, (5, ñ2) 184]
(A) ñ1 (B*) 0 (C) 1 (D) 3

3
 
2
5. The value of [3 2 0] U   is
 0 

3
 
[3 2 0] U  2  dk eku gSa & [IIT-JEE 2006, (5, ñ2) 184]
 0 
5  3 
(A*) [5] (B)   (C) [4] (D)  
2 2

6. Consider the system of equations [IIT-JEE 2008, Paper-1, (3, ñ 1), 163]
x ñ 2y + 3z = ñ 1
ñ x + y ñ 2z = k
x ñ 3y + 4z = 1
STATEMENT - 1 : The system of equations has no solution for k  3
and
1 3 1
STATEMENT-2 : The determinant  1  2 k  0, for k  3.
1 4 1
(A*) STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2 is True ; STATEMENT-2 is a correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(B) STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2 is True ; STATEMENT-2 is NOT a correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(C) STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2 is False
(D) STATEMENT-1 is False, STATEMENT-2 is True
ekuk lehdj.k fudk; [IIT-JEE 2008, Paper-1, (3, ñ 1), 163]
x ñ 2y + 3z = ñ 1
ñ x + y ñ 2z = k
x ñ 3y + 4z = 1
dFku - 1 : k  3 ds fy, lehdj.k fudk; dk dksbZ gy ugha gSA
vkSj
1 3 1
dFku-2 : k  3 ds fy, lkjf.kd  1  2 k 0
1 4 1

(A*) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gS; dFku-2, dFku-1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gS
(B) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gS; dFku-2, dFku-1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ughas gS
(C) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 vlR; gS
(D) dFku-1 vlR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gS
7. Consider the lines given by [IIT-JEE 2008, Paper-2, (6, 0), 163]
L1 : x + 3y ñ 5 = 0
L2 : 3x ñ ky ñ 1 = 0
L3 : 5x + 2y ñ 12 = 0
Match the Statements/Expressions in Column I with the Statements / Expressions in Column II and
indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles in the 4 ' 4 matrix given in the ORS.

(A) L1, L2, L3 are concurrent, if (p) k = ñ9

6
(B) One of L1, L2, L3 is parallel to at least one of the other two, if (q) k=ñ
5
5
(C) L1, L2, L3 form a triangle, if (r) k=
6
(D) L1, L2, L3 do not form a triangle, if (s) k=5
Ans. (A) (s), (B) (p, q), (C) (r), (D) (p, q, s)
ekuk js[kk,° gS&
L1 : x + 3y ñ 5 = 0
L2 : 3x ñ ky ñ 1 = 0
L3 : 5x + 2y ñ 12 = 0
LrEHk- esa fn;s x;s izdFku@O;atdksa dk LrEHk- esa fn;s x;s dFkuksa ls lqesy dhft, vkSj viuk mŸkj ORS esa fn;k x;k
4 ' 4 eSfV™Dl ds mfpr cqYyksa (bubbles) dks dkyk djds n'kkZb;sA [IIT-JEE 2008, Paper-2, (6, 0), 163]

LrEHk I LrEHk II

(A) L1, L2, L3 laxkeh gS ;fn (p) k = ñ9

6
(B) L1, L2, L3 esa ls ,d] vU; nks js[kkvksa esa ls de ls de ,d ds (q) k=ñ
5
lekUrj gS ;fn
5
(C) L1, L2, L3 ,d f=kHkqt cukrh gSa ;fn (r) k=
6
(D) L1, L2, L3 dksbZ f=kHkqt ugha cukrh gSa ;fn (s) k=5
Ans. (A) (s), (B) (p, q), (C) (r), (D) (p, q, s)

IIT-JEE - 2009
Comprehension # 2 (Q. No. 8 to Q. No. 10)
Let be the set of all 3 ' 3 symmetric matrices all of whose entries are either 0 or 1. Five of these entries
are 1 and four of them are 0.
,d ,sls 3 ' 3 lefer vkO;wgksa dk leqPp; gS ftudh lHkh izfof"V;k° 0 ;k 1 gSaA buesa ls ik°p izfof"V;k° 1 gSa rFkk pkj
0 gSaA

8. The number of matrices in is [IIT-JEE 2009, Paper-1, (4, ñ1), 80]

esa vkO;wgksa dh la[;k gS&
(A*) 12 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 3

 x  1 
   
9. The number of matrices A in for which the system of linear equations A  y  = 0 has a unique solution,
z  0
is [IIT-JEE 2009, Paper-1, (4, ñ1), 80]
(A) less than 4 (B*) at least 4 but less than 7
(C) at least 7 but less than 10 (D) at least 10

x 1 
   
esa ,sls vkO;wgks A dh la[;k ftuds fy, jsf[kd lehdj.k fudk; A  y  = 0 dk vf}rh; gy gks] gS&
z  0

(A) 4 ls de (B*) de ls de 4 fdUrq 7 ls de

(C) de ls de 7 ijUrq 10 ls de (D) de ls de 10
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x 1 
   
10. The number of matrices A in for which the system of linear equations A  y  = 0 is inconsistent, is
z  0
(A) 0 (B*) more than 2 (C) 2 (D) 1

x 1 
   
esa ,sls vkO;wgksa A dh la[;k ftuds fy, jsf[kd lehdj.k fudk; A  y  = 0 vlaxr (inconsistent) gks] gS&
z  0

(A) 0 (B*) 2 ls vf/kd (C) 2 (D) 1

[IIT-JEE 2009, Paper-1, (4, ñ1), 80]
Comprehension # 3 (Q. No. 11 to 13)
Let p be an odd prime number and Tp be the following set of 2 ' 2 matrices :
 a b 
Tp =  A    : a, b, c  {0, 1, 2,....., p ñ 1} 
 c a 
11. The number of A in Tp such that A is either symmetric or skew-symmetric or both, and det (A) divisible by p
is [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 84]

(A) (p ñ 1)2 (B) 2 (p ñ 1) (C) (p ñ 1)2 + 1 (D*) 2p ñ 1

12. The number of A in Tp such that the trace of A is not divisible by p but det (A) is divisible by p is
[Note : The trace of matrix is the sum of its diagonal entries.] [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 84]
(A) (p ñ 1)(p2 ñ p + 1) (B) p3 ñ (p ñ 1)2
(C*) (p ñ 1)2 (D) (p ñ 1)(p2 ñ 2)

13. The number of A in Tp such that det (A) is not divisible by p is[IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 84]
(A) 2p2 (B) p3 ñ 5p (C) p3 ñ 3p (D*) p3 ñ p2

vuqPNsn #3 ºiz'u 11 - 13 ds fy,.

ekuk fd p ,d fo"ke vHkkT; la[;k (odd prime number) gS rFkk Tp , 2 ' 2 vkO;wgksa dk fuEu leqPp; gS %
 a b 
Tp = A  c a : a, b, c  {0, 1, 2,....., p ñ 1} 
   

11. Tp esa ,sls A dh la[;k tks lefer] fo"ke lefer vFkok nksuksa izdkj ds gksa] ,oa ftuds fy, det (A), p ls foHkkT; gks] fuEu
gS& [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 84]

(A) (p ñ 1)2 (B) 2 (p ñ 1) (C) (p ñ 1)2 + 1 (D*) 2p ñ 1

12. Tp esa ,sls A dh la[;k ftuds fy, trace (A), p ls foHkkT; ugha gS] ijUrq det (A), p ls foHkkT; gS] fuEu gS&
[uksV : trace (A), A ds fod.khZ; izfof"V;ksa dk ;ksx gksrk gS] [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 84]
(A) (p ñ 1)(p ñ p + 1)
2 (B) p ñ (p ñ 1)
3 2

(C*) (p ñ 1)2 (D) (p ñ 1)(p2 ñ 2)

13. Tp esa ,sls A dh la[;k ftuds fy, det (A), p ls foHkkT; ugha gS] fuEu gS& [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 84]
(A) 2p2 (B) p3 ñ 5p (C) p3 ñ 3p (D*) p3 ñ p2
14. The number of all possible values of , where 0 <  < , for which the system of equations
(y + z) cos 3 = (xyz) sin 3
2 cos 3 2 sin 3
x sin 3 = y +
z
(xyz) sin 3 = (y + 2z) cos 3  + y sin 3

have a solution (x0, y0, z0) with y0 z0  0, is [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, 0), 84]

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0 <  < dks lUrq"V djus okys  ds lHkh lEHkkfor ekuksa dh la[;k] ftuds fy, lehdj.k lewg
(y + z) cos 3 = (xyz) sin 3
2 cos 3 2 sin 3
x sin 3 = y +
z
(xyz) sin 3 = (y + 2z) cos 3  + y sin 3 dk ,d gy (x0, y0, z0) gS] tgk° y0 z0  0, gSA
Ans. 3
15. Let k be a positive real number and let [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-2, (3, 0), 79]

 2k  1 2 k 2 k  0 2k  1 k 
   
A=  2 k 1  2k  and B = 1  2k 0 2 k  . If det (adj A) + det (adj B) = 106, then [k] is equal
 2 k 2k  k 2 k 0 
1   
 
to
(Note : adj M denotes the adjoint of a square matrix M and [k] denotes the largest integer less than or equal
to k].
ekuk fd k ,d /kukRed okLrfod la[;k gS rFkk
 2k  1 2 k 2 k  0 2k  1 k 
   
A=  2 k 1  2k  ,oa B = 1  2k 0 2 k  . ;fn det (adj A) + det (adj B) = 106, rks [k] dk eku
 2 k 2k  k 2 k 0 
1   
 
gS
(uksV : adj M fdlh oxZ vkO;wg M dk adjoint rFkk [k], vf/kdre iw.kk±d tks k ls de ;k k ds leku gS] dks iznf'kZr djrk
gSA)
Ans. 4

16. Let M and N be two 2n ' 2n non-singular skew-symmetric matrices such that MN = NM. If PT denotes the
transpose of P, then M2 N2 (MT N)ñ1 (MNñ1)T is equal to
(A) M2 (B) ñ N2 (C*) ñ M2 (D) MN
eku yhft, M vkSj N nks ,sls 2n ' 2n O;qRÿe.kh; vkSj fo"ke lefer vkO;wg (non-singular skew-symmetric matrices)
gS] tks MN = NM dks larq"V djrs gSA ;fn PT, vkO;wg P ds ifjorZ (transpose) vkO;wg dks iznf'kZr djrk gS] rks
M2 N2 (MT N)ñ1 (MNñ1)T fuEu esa ls fdlds cjkcj gS& [IIT-JEE 2011, Paper-1, (4, 0), 80]
(A) M ds
2
(B) ñ N ds
2
(C*) ñ M ds
2
(D) MN ds
Ans. C (In JEE this question was bonus because in JEE instead of 2n ' 2n, 3 ' 3 was given and we know that
there is no non-singular 3'3 skew symmetric matrix).
Ans. C ( JEE esa ;g Á'u cksul Fkk D;kasfd JEE esa 2n ' 2n dh txg 3 ' 3 fn;k x;k Fkk ,oa ge tkurs gS fd
3 ' 3 ÿe dk O;qRÿe.kh; vkSj fo"ke lefer vkO;wg (non-singular skew-symmetric matrices) lEHko ugha gS_
Comprehension # 4 (17 to 19)
Let a, b and c be three real numbers satisfying

1 9 7
[a b c] 8 2 7  = [0 0 0] ...........(E)
 
7 3 7 

ekuk fd a, b vkSj c ,slh rhu okLrfod la[;k,sa gS tks

1 9 7
[a b c] 8 2 7  = [0 0 0] ...........(E)
 
7 3 7 

dks larq"V djrh gSaA [IIT-JEE 2011, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 80]

17. If the point P(a, b, c), with reference to (E), lies on the plane 2x + y + z = 1, then the value of 7a + b + c is
;fn lehdj.k (E) ds lanHkZ esa] fcUnq P(a, b, c) lery 2x + y + z = 1 ij fLFkr gS] rks 7a + b + c dk eku gS&
(A) 0 (B) 12 (C) 7 (D*) 6

18. Let  be a solution of x3 ñ 1 = 0 with m () > 0. if a = 2 with b and c satisfying (E), then the value of
3 1 3
+ b + c is equal to
a  
ekuk fd , lehdj.k x3 ñ 1 = 0 dk gy gS] tgk° m () > 0 gSA ;fn a = 2 vkSj laxr la[;k,a b vkSj c lehdj.k (E) dks
3 1 3
larq"V djrh gSa rks a + b + dk eku gS&
  c
(A*) ñ 2 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) ñ 3

19 . Let b = 6, with a and c satisfying (E). If  and  are the roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, then
 n
 1 1

n0
  
 
is

;fn b = 6 vkSj laxr la[;k,sa a vkSj c lehdj.k (E) dks larq"V djrh gksa] vkSj  ,  f}?kkrh; lehdj.k
 n
 1 1
ax + bx + c = 0 ds
2
ewy gSa] rks 
n0
  
 
dk eku gS&

6
(A) 6 (B*) 7 (C) (D) 
7

20. Let   1 be a cube root of unity and S be the set of all non-singular matrices of the form

1 a b
 
 1 c
,
2  1
where each of a, b and c is either  or 2. Then the number of distinct matrices in the set S is

1 a b
 
 1 c
eku yhft,   1 bdkbZ dk ?kuewy gS vkSj S,  :i okyh O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wgksa (non-singular matrices)
2  1
[IIT-JEE 2011, Paper-2, (3, ñ1), 80]
dk leqPp; gSA tgk° a, b vkSj c esa ls izR;sd ;k rks  gS] ;k 2 rc leqPp; S ds fofHkUu vkO;wgksa dh la[;k fuEu gksxh&
(A*) 2 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 8 [Matrices]

21. Let M be a 3 ' 3 matrix satisfying

0  1 1 1 1 0

          
1 2
M   =  ,M  1 =  1  , and M 1 =  0  . Then the sum of the diagonal entries of M is
0  3   0   1 1 12

ekuk fd M ,d 3 ' 3 vkO;wg gS tks fuEu lehdj.kksa [IIT-JEE 2011, Paper-2, (4, 0), 80]

0  1 1 1 1 0

          
1 2
M   =  ,M  1 =  1  , rFkk M 1 =  0  . dks larq"V djrk gSA rc M ds fod.kZ ds vo;oksa dk ;ksx Kkr
0  3   0   1 1 12

dhft;sA
Ans. 9
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ADVMT & DT - 44
Matrices & Determinant

22. Let P = [aij] be a 3 ' 3 matrix and let Q = [bij], where bij = 2i+jaij for 1  i, j  3. If the determinant of P is 2, then
the determinant of the matrix Q is [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 70]
ekuk fd P = [aij] ,d 3 ' 3 vkO;wg (matrix) gS vkSj Q = [bij], tgk° bij = 2i+jaij tc 1  i, j  3 gSA ;fn P ds lkjf.kd
(determinant) dk eku 2 gS rks vkO;wg Q ds lkjf.kd dk eku fuEu gS [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-1, (3, ñ1), 70]
10 11 12
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D*) 213

23. If P is a 3 ' 3 matrix such that PT = 2P + I, where PT is the transpose of P and I is the 3 ' 3 identity matrix,

x 0
   
then there exists a column matrix X =  y   0 such that [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-2, (3, ñ1), 66]
 z  0

,d 3 ' 3 vkO;wg (matrix) P bl izdkj dk gS fd PT = 2P + I, tgk° PT vkO;wg P dk ifjorZ vkO;wg (transpose) vkSj
x 0
   
I 3 ' 3 dk rRled vkO;wg gSA rc ,d LrEHk vkO;wg (column matrix) X =  y   0 dk vfLrRo bl izdkj gS fd
 z  0

0
 
0
(A) PX =   (B) PX = X (C) PX = 2X (D*) PX = ñ X
0

1 4 4
 
2 1 7
24*. If the adjoint of a 3 ' 3 matrix P is  , then the possible value(s) of the determinant of P is (are)
1 1 3 
(Matrices & Determinant) [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-2, (4, 0), 66]

1 4 4
 
2 1 7
;fn 3 ' 3 vkO;wg (matrix) P dk lg[kaMt (adjoint)  gS rks P ds lkjf.kd (determinant) dk (ds) lEHkkfor
1 1 3 

eku gS (gSa) (Matrices & Determinant) [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-2, (4, 0), 66]
(A*) ñ2 (B) ñ1 (C) 1 (D*) 2
25.* For 3'3 matrices M and N, which of the following statement(s) is (are) NOT correct ?
[JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-1, (4, ñ 1)/60]
T
(A) N M N is symmetric or skew symmetric, according as M is symmetric or skew symmetric
(B) M N ñ N M is skew symmetric for all symmetric matrices M and N
(C*) M N is symetric for all symmetric matrices M and N
(D*) (adj M) (adj N) = adj(MN) for all invertible matrices M and N
3'3 vkO;wgksa M rFkk N ds fy, fuEu esa ls dkSu ÁdFku lR; ugha gSa ºgSa_ \
[JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-1, (4, ñ 1)/60]
(A) M ds lefer ;k fo"ke&lefer gksus ds vuqlkj NT M N lefer ;k fo"ke&lefer gSA
(B) lHkh lefer vkO;wgksa M rFkk N ds fy, MN ñ NM fo"ke &lefer gSSA
(C*) lHkh lefer vkO;wgksa M rFkk N ds fy, MN lefer gSA
(D*) lHkh O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wgksa M rFkk N ds fy, (adj M) (adj N) = adj(MN)

26*. Let M be a 2 ' 2 symmetric matrix with integer entries. Then M is invertible if
[JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-1, (3, 0)/60]
(A) the first column of M is the transpose of the second row of M
(B) the second row of M is the transpose of first column of M
(C*) M is a diagonal matrix with nonzero entries in the main diagonal
(D*) the product of entries in the main diagonal of M is not the square of an integer
ekuk fd 2 ' 2 lefer vkO;wg (symmetric matrix) M ds lHkh vo;o (elements) iw.kkZad (integer) gSaA rc M
O;qRÿe.kh; (invertible) gS] ;fn
(A) M dk igyk LrEHk M dh nwljh ifaDr dk ifjorZ (transpose) gSA
(B) M dh nwljh iaf Dr M ds igys LrEHk dk ifjorZ gSA
(C*) M ,d fod.kZ vkO;wg (diagonal matrix) gS ftlds eq[; fod.kZ (main diagonal) ds vo;o 'kwU;rj (non-zero) gSa
(D*) M ds eq[; fod.kZ (main diagonal) ds vo;oksa dk xq.kuQy fdlh Hkh iw.kkZad dk oxZ ugha gSA

27*. Let M and N be two 3 ' 3 matrices such that MN = NM. Further, if M  N2 and M2 = N4, then
[JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-1, (3, 0)/60]
(A*) determinant of (M2 + MN2) is 0
(B*) there is a 3 ' 3 non-zero matrix U such that (M2 + MN2)U is the zero matrix
(C) determinant of (M2 + MN2)  1
(D) for a 3 ' 3 matrix U, if (M2 + MN2)U equals the zero matrix then U is the zero matrix
ekuk fd nks 3 ' 3 vkO;wg (matrices) M rFkk N bl Ádkj gS fd MN = NM gSA ;fn M  N2 rFkk M2 = N4 gks] rks
(A*) (M2 + MN2) ds lkjf.kd (determinant) dk eku 'kwU; gSA
(B*) ,d ,slk 3 ' 3 'kwU;srj (non-zero) vkO;wg U gS ftlds fy;s (M2 + MN2)U 'kwU; vkO;wg gSA
(C) (M2 + MN2) ds lkjf.kd eku  1 gSA
(D) 3 ' 3 vkO;wg U ftlds fy;s (M2 + MN2)U 'kwU; vkO;wg gS rks U Hkh ,d 'kwU; vkO;wg gksxkA

28*. Let X and Y be two arbitrary, 3 ' 3, non-zero, skew-symmetric matrices and Z be an arbitrary 3 ' 3,
non-zero, symmetric matrix. Then which of the following matrices is (are) skew symmetric ?
ekuk fd X ,oa Y nks LosPN (arbitrary), 3 ' 3, 'kwU;srj (non-zero) fo"ke lefer (skew-symmetric) vkO;wg (Matrix)
gS vkSj Z ,d LosPN, 3 ' 3, 'kwU;srj] lefer (symmetric) vkO;wg gSA rc fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk (ls) fo"ke lefer vkO;wg
gS (gSa) ? [JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-1 (4, ñ2)/ 88]
(A) Y3Z4 ñ Z4Y3 (B) X 44 + Y44 (C*) X4Z3 ñ Z3X4 (D*) X23 + Y23

(1   ) 2 (1  2 )2 (1 3 )2
(2  ) 2
(2  2 ) 2
(2  3 )2
29*. Which of the following values of  satisfy the equation = ñ 648 ?
(3   ) 2 (3  2 )2 (3  3 )2

(1   ) 2 (1  2 )2 (1 3 )2
(2  ) 2
(2  2 ) 2
(2  3 )2
 ds fuEufyf[kr ekuksa esa dkSu lk (ls) eku lehdj.k = ñ 648 dks larq"V djrk
(3   ) 2 (3  2 )2 (3  3 )2

(djrsa) gS (gSA) ? [JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-1 (4, ñ2)/ 88]

(A) ñ 4 (B*) 9 (C*) ñ 9 (D) 4

PART - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

Hkkx - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE ºfiNys o"kksZ. ds iz'u

Corporate Office: CG Tower, A-46 & 52, IPIA, Near City Mall, Jhalawar Road, Kota (Raj.)-324005
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Matrices & Determinant
1. The system of equations x + y + z =  ñ 1, x + y + z =  ñ 1, x + y + z =  ñ 1 has no solution, if  is-
[AIEEE 2005, (3, 0), 225]
(1) 1 (2) not ñ 2 (3) either ñ 2 or 1 (4*) ñ 2
lehdj.k fudk; x + y + z =  ñ 1, x + y + z =  ñ 1, x + y + z =  ñ 1 dk dksbZ gy ugh gS ;fn =
[AIEEE 2005, (3, 0), 225]
(1) 1 (2)  ñ 2 (3) ;k rks ñ 2 ;k 1 (4*) ñ 2

1  a2 x (1  b 2 )x (1  c 2 )x
2. If a2 + b2 + c2 = ñ 2 and f(x) = (1  a 2 )x 1  b2 x (1  c 2 )x , then f(x) is a polynomial of degree
(1  a 2 )x (1  b 2 )x 1 c 2x

[AIEEE 2005, (3, 0), 225]

1  a2 x (1  b 2 )x (1  c 2 )x
;fn a2 + b2 + c2 = ñ 2 rFkk f(x) = (1  a 2 )x 1  b2 x (1  c 2 )x gks] rks f(x) fuEUk ?kkr dk cgqin gksxk &
(1  a )x (1  b )x
2 2
1 c x2

[AIEEE 2005, (3, 0), 225]

(1*) 2 (2) 3 (3) 0 (4) 1

1 0  1 0 
3. If A =   and  =   , then which one of the following holds for all n  1, by the principle of mathematical
1 1  0 1 
induction ? [AIEEE 2005, (3, 0), 225]

1 0  1 0 
;fn A =   rFkk  =   , rks fuEu esa ls dkSulk xf.krh; vkxeu fl)kUr ls lHkh n  1 ds fy, lR; gksxk ?
1 1  0 1 
(1) An = 2n ñ 1 A + (n ñ 1)  (2) An = n A + (n ñ 1) 
(3) An = 2n ñ 1 A ñ (n ñ 1)  (4*) An = n A ñ (n ñ 1) 

4. If A2 ñ A +  = 0, then the inverse of A is- [AIEEE 2005, (1., 0), 225]

;fn A2 ñ A +  = 0, rks A dk izfrykse gS &[AIEEE 2005, (1., 0), 225]
(1*)  ñ A (2) A ñ  (3) A (4) A + 

1 2  a 0
5. Let A =   and B =   , a, b  N. Then, [AIEEE 2006, (3, ñ1), 120]
3 4  0 b
(1) there exist more than one but finite number of B's such that AB = BA
(2) there exists exactly one B such that AB = BA
(3*) there exists infinitely many B's such that AB = BA
(4) there cannot exist any B such that AB = BA

1 2  a 0
ekuk A = 3 4  rFkk B = 0 b , a, b  N. rks
   

(1) ,d ls vf/kd ysfdu ifjfer la[;k essa B bl izdkj gksaxs fd AB = BA

(2) dsoy ,d B bl izdkj gksxk fd AB = BA
(3*) vuUr B bl izdkj gksaxs fd AB = BA
(4) dksbZ B ,slk ugh gksxk fd AB = BA

5 5  
 
7. Let A = 0  5  . If |A2| = 25, then || equals - [AIEEE 2007 (3, ñ1), 120]
0 0 5 

5 5  
 
0  5 
ekuk A=  ;fn |A2| = 25, rks || = [AIEEE 2007 (3, ñ1), 120]
0 0 5 

1
(1) 52 (2) 1 (3*) (4) 5
5

1 1 1
1 1 x 1
8. If D = for x  0, y  0, then D is [AIEEE 2007 (3, ñ1), 120]
1 1 1 y
(1) divisible by y but not x (2) divisible by neither x nor y
(3*) divisible by both x and y (4) divisible by x but not y

1 1 1
1 1 x 1
;fn D = tcfd x  0, y  0, gS] rks D gS& [AIEEE 2007 (3, ñ1), 120]
1 1 1 y

(1) y ls foHkftr ijUrq x ls ugha (2) u rks x ls vkSj u gh y ls foHkkftr

(3*) x o y nksuksa ls foHkkftr (4) x ls foHkkftr ijUrq y ls ugha
9. Let a, b, c be any real numbers. Suppose that there are real numbers x, y, z not all zero such that x = cy +
bz, y = az + cx and z = bx + ay. Then a2 + b2 + c2 + 2abc is equal to [AIEEE 2008 (3, ñ1), 105]
ekuk a, b, c dksbZ okLrfod la[;k gSA ekuk x, y, z okLrfod la[;k,sa gS tks lHkh 'kwU; ugh gS vkSj bl Ádkj gS fd
x = cy + bz, y = az + cx rFkk z = bx + ay rc a2 + b2 + c2 + 2abc dk eku gS&[AIEEE 2008 (3, ñ1), 105]
(1) 2 (2) ñ1 (3) 0 (4*) 1

10. Let A be a square matrix all of whose entries are integers. Then, which one of the following is true ?
[AIEEE 2008 (3, ñ1), 105]
ñ1
(1) If det (A) = ± 1, then A exists but all its entries are not necessarily integers
(2) If det (A)  ± 1, then Añ1 exists but all its entries are non-integers
(3*) If det (A) = ± 1, then Añ1 exists and all its entries are integers
(4) If det (A) = ± 1, then Añ1 need not exist
ekuk A iw.kk±d vo;oksa okyk ,d oxZ vkO;wg gS rks fuEu esa ls dkSulk dFku lR; gS ?[AIEEE 2008 (3, ñ1), 105]
(1) ;fn det (A) = ± 1, rks Añ1 fo|eku gS] fdUrq vo;o iw.kk±d gksuk t:jh ugha
(2) ;fn det (A)  ± 1, rks Añ1 fo|eku gS fdUrq blds vo;o iw.kk±d ugh gS
(3*) ;fn det (A) = ± 1, rks Añ1 fo|eku gS] rFkk blds vo;o iw.kk±d gSA
(4) ;fn det (A) = ± 1, rks Añ1 dk fo|eku gksuk t:jh ugh

Corporate Office: CG Tower, A-46 & 52, IPIA, Near City Mall, Jhalawar Road, Kota (Raj.)-324005
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11. Let A be a 2 ' 2 matrix with real entries. Let  be the 2 ' 2 identity matrix. Denote by tr(A), the sum of
diagonal entries of A. Assume that A2 = . [AIEEE 2008 (3, ñ1), 105]
Statement-1 If A  I and A  ñ I, then det (A) = ñ 1.
Statement-2 If A  I and A  ñ I, then tr (A)  0.
(1) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
(2) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statment-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1.
(3) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is not a correct explanation for statement-1.
(4*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
ekuk A ,d 2 ' 2 dk okLrfod vo;oksa okyk vkO;wg gS rFkk I, 2 ' 2 dk bZdkbZ vkO;wg gSA tr(A), A ds fod.kZ vo;oksa dk
;ksx gS rFkk = I gS &
A2 [AIEEE 2008 (3, ñ1), 105]
dFku -1 ;fn A  I rFkk A  ñI, rks det (A) = ñ 1.
dFku - 2 ;fn A  I rFkk A  ñ I, rks tr (A)  0.
(1) dFku 1 vlR; gS] dFku 2 lR; gSA
(2) dFku 1 lR; gS] dFku 2 lR; gS rFkk dFku 2, dFku 1 ds fy, lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSA
(3) dFku 1 lR; gS] dFku 2 lR; gS rFkk dFku 2, dFku 1 ds fy, lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(4*) dFku 1 lR; gS] dFku 2 vlR; gSA
12. Let A be a 2 ' 2 matrix.
Statement-1 : adj(adj (A)) = A.
Statement-2 : |adj A| = |A| [AIEEE 2009 (4, ñ1), 144]
(1*) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
(3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
(4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
ekuk A ,d 2 ' 2 dk vkO;wg gS&
dFku - 1 adj(adj (A)) = A.
dFku - 2 |adj A| = |A| [AIEEE 2009 (4, ñ1), 144]
(1*) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gS ; dFku-2, dFku-1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(2) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 vlR; gSA
(3) dFku-1 vlR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gSA
(4) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gS ; dFku-2, dFku-1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSA

a a 1 a ñ1 a 1 b 1 c ñ1
ñ b b 1 b ñ1 a ñ1 b ñ1 c 1
13. Let a, b, c be such that b(a + c)  0. If + = 0. Then the
n2 n 1
c c ñ1 c 1 (ñ1) a (ñ1) b (ñ1)n c

value of 'n' is - [AIEEE 2009 (4, ñ1), 144]

(1) zero (2) any even integer (3*) any odd integer (4) any integer

a a 1 a ñ1 a 1 b 1 c ñ1

ekuk a, b, c bl izdkj gS fd b(a + c)  0. ;fn ñ b b  1 b ñ 1 + a ñ1

n2
b ñ1
n 1
c 1
= 0 gks]
c c ñ1 c 1 (ñ1) a (ñ1) b (ñ1)n c

rks n dk eku gS & [AIEEE 2009 (4, ñ1), 144]

(1) 'kwU; (2) dksbZ le iw.kk±d (3*) dksbZ fo"ke iw.kk±d (4) dksbZ iw.kk±d
14. The number of 3 ' 3 non-singular matrices, with four entries as 1 and all other entries as 0, is
(1) 5 (2) 6 (3*) at least 7 (4) less than 4
[AIEEE 2010 (8, ñ2), 144]
dksfV 3 ' 3 okys O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wgksa] ftlesa pkj izfof"V;k° 1 gS rFkk 'ks"k lHkh 0 gS] dh dqy la[;k gS&
(1) 5 (2) 6 (3*) de&ls&de 7 (4) 4 ls de
[AIEEE 2010 (8, ñ2), 144]
Corporate Office: CG Tower, A-46 & 52, IPIA, Near City Mall, Jhalawar Road, Kota (Raj.)-324005
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Toll Free : 1800 200 2244 | 1800 258 5555 | CIN: U80302RJ2007PTC024029
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15. Let A be a 2 ' 2 matrix with non-zero entries and let A2 = I, where I is 2 ' 2 identity matrix.
Tr(A) = sum of diagonal elements of A and |A| = determinant of matrix A. [AIEEE 2010 (4, ñ1), 144]
Statement -1 : Tr(A) = 0
Statement -2 : |A| = 1
(1) Statement -1 is true, Statement-2 is true ; Statement -2 is not a correct explanation for Statement -1.
(2*) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
(3) Statement -1 is false, Statement -2 is true.
(4) Statement -1 is true, Statement -2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
ekuk A, 2 ' 2 dksfV dk v'kwU; izfof"V;ksa okyk ,d vkO;wg gS vkSj ekuk A2 = I, tgk° I ,d 2 ' 2 dksfV dk rRled vkO;wg
gSA Tr(A) = vkO;wg A ds fod.kZ ij fLFkr izfof"V;ksa dk ;ksxQy gS rFkk |A| = vkO;wg A dk lkjf.kd gSA
[AIEEE 2010 (4, ñ1), 144]
izzdFku-1 : Tr(A) = 0
izzdFku-2 : |A| = 1
(1) izzdFku-1 lR; gS] izdFku-2 lR; gS ; izdFku-2, izdFku-1 dh lgh O;k[;k ugha gSA
(2*) izdFku-1 lR; gS] izdFku-2 feF;k gSA
(3) izdFku-1 feF;k gS] izdFku-2 lR; gSA
(4) izdFku-1 lR; gS] izdFku-2 lR; gS ; izdFku-2, izdFku-1 dh lgh O;k[;k gSA

16. Consider the system of linear equations : [AIEEE 2010 (4, ñ1), 144]
x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 3
2x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 3
3x1 + 5x2 + 2x3 = 1
The system has
(1) exactly 3 solutions (2) a unique solution (3*) no solution (4) infinite number of solutions
fuEu jSf[kd lehdj.k fudk; dks yhft, % [AIEEE 2010 (4, ñ1), 144]
x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 3
2x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 3
3x1 + 5x2 + 2x3 = 1
fudk; ds
(1) dsoy 3 gy gSA (2) ,dek=k gy gS A (3*) dksbZ gy ugha gSA (4) vuUr gy gSA
17. Let A and B be two symmetric matrices of order 3. [AIEEE 2011, I, (4, ñ1), 120]
Statement-1 : A(BA) and (AB)A are symmetric matrices.
Statement-2 : AB is symmetric matrix if matrix multiplication of A with B is commutative.
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for
Statement-1.
(2*) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct
explanation for Statement-1.
(3) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
(4) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
ekuk A vkSj B dksfV 3 ds nks lefer vkO;wg gS& [AIEEE 2011, I, (4, ñ1), 120]
dFku-1 : A(BA) rFkk (AB)A lefer vkO;wg gSaA
dFku-2 : AB ,d lefer vkO;wg gS ;fn vkO;wgksa A rFkk B dh xq.kk ÿe&fofues;dkjh gSA
(1) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gSA dFku-2, dFku-1 dh lgh O;k[;k gSA
(2*) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gSA dFku-2, dFku-1 dh lgh O;k[;k ugha gSA
(3) dFku-1 lR; gS] dFku-2 vlR; gSA
(4) dFku-1 vlR; gS] dFku-2 lR; gSA

18. The number of values of k for which the linear equations [AIEEE 2011, I, (4, ñ1), 120]
4x + ky + 2z = 0
kx + 4y + z = 0
2x + 2y + z = 0
posses a non-zero solution is :
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k ds mu ekuksa dh la[;k ftuds fy, jSf [kd lehdj.k [AIEEE 2011, I, (4, ñ1), 120]
4x + ky + 2z = 0
kx + 4y + z = 0
2x + 2y + z = 0
ds v'kwU; ewy gS] gSa :
(1) 3 (2*) 2 (3) 1 (4) zero 'kwU;
 0 
19. If   1 is the complex cube root of unity and matrix H =   , then H70 is equal to -
 0 
[AIEEE 2011, I, (4, ñ1), 120]
 0 
;fn   1 bdkbZ dk ,d lfEeJ ?ku ewy gS rFkk vkO;wg H =   gS] rks H70 cjkcj gS %
 0 
[AIEEE 2011, I, (4, ñ1), 120]
(1) 0 (2) ñ H (3) H2 (4*) H

20. If the trivial solution is the only solution of the system of equations [AIEEE 2011, II, (4, ñ1), 120]
x ñ ky + z = 0
kx + 3y ñ kz = 0
3x + y ñ z = 0
then the set of all values of k is :
;fn ,d lehdj.k fudk; [AIEEE 2011, II, (4, ñ1), 120]
x ñ ky + z = 0
kx + 3y ñ kz = 0
3x + y ñ z = 0
dk 'kwU; gy (trival solution) gh dsoy gy gS] rks k ds lHkh ekuksa dk leqPp; gS %

(1*) R ñ {2, ñ3} (2) R ñ { 2 } (3) R ñ { ñ3 } (4) {2, ñ3}

21. Statement - 1 : Determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix of order 3 is zero.[AIEEE 2011, II, (4, ñ1), 120]
Statement - 2 : For any matrix A, det (A)T = det(A) and det (ñA) = ñ det(A).
Where det (B) denotes the determinant of matrix B. Then :
(1) Both statements are true (2) Both statements are false
(3) Statement-1 is false and statement-2 is true. (4*) Statement-1 is true and statement-2 is false
dFku - 1 : dksfV 3 ds fo"ke lefer vkO;wg ds lkjf.kd dk eku 0 gSA [AIEEE 2011, II, (4, ñ1), 120]
dFku - 2 : fdlh vkO;wg A ds fy, det (A) = det(A) rFkk det (ñA) = ñ det(A).
T

tgk° det(B), vkO;wg B dk lkjf.kd n'kkZrk gS %

(1) nksuksa dFku lR; gSA (2) nksuksa dFku vlR; gSA
(3) dFku -1 vlR; gS rFkk dFku-2 lR; gSA (4*) dFku -1 lR; gS rFkk dFku-2 vlR; gSA

 1 0 0  1 0
     
Let A = 
2 1 0  0  and Au =  1  , then u + u is equal
22. . If u1 and u2 are column matrices such that Au1 =
 3 2 1 0 2 0 1 2
     
to : [AIEEE-2012, (4, ñ1)/120]

 1 0 0  1 0
     
ekuk A=  2 1 0
gSA ;fn u1 rFkk u2 ,sls LraHk vkO;wg gSa fd Au1 =  
0
rFkk Au2 =  
1
gS] rks u1 + u2 cjkcj gS:
 3 2 1 0 0
     
[AIEEE-2012, (4, ñ1)/120]

  1   1   1 1
       
1 1
(1)   (2)   (3)   (4*)  
1 1
0   1 0   1
       

[AIEEE-2012, (4, ñ1)/120]

(1) ñ 2 (2) 1 (3*) 0 (4) ñ 1

24. The number of values of k, for which the system of equations : [AIEEE - 2013, (4, ñ º) 120 ]
(k + 1)x + 8y = 4k
kx + (k + 3)y = 3k ñ 1
has no solution, is
(1) infinite (2*) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
k ds mu ekuksa dh la[;k] ftuds fy, fuEu lehdj.k fudk;
(k + 1)x + 8y = 4k
kx + (k + 3)y = 3k ñ 1
dk dksbZ gy ugha gS] gS& [AIEEE - 2013, (4, ñ º) 120 ]
(1) vuUr (2*) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3

1  3 
 
1 3 3
25. If P =  is the adjoint of a 3 ' 3 matrix A and |A| = 4, then  is equal to
2 4 4

[AIEEE - 2013, (4, ñ º) 120 ]

1  3 
 
;fn P = 1 3 3  ,d 3 ' 3 vkO;wg A dk lg[kaMt gS rFkk |A| = 4 gS rks  cjkcj gS :
2 4 4

[AIEEE - 2013, (4, ñ º) 120 ]

(1) 4 (2*) 11 (3) 5 (4) 0

3 1  f (1) 1  f (2)
1  f (1) 1  f (2) 1  f (3)
26. If ,   0 and f(n) = n + n and = K (1 ñ )2 (1 ñ )2 ( ñ)2 , then K is equal to
1  f ( 2) 1  f ( 3 ) 1  f ( 4 )

[JEE(Main) 2014, (4, ñ º), 120]

3 1  f (1) 1  f (2)

;fn ,   0 rFkk f(n) = n + n rFkk 1  f (1) 1  f (2) 1  f (3) = K (1 ñ )2 (1 ñ )2 ( ñ)2 gS] rks K cjkcj gSµ
1  f ( 2) 1  f ( 3 ) 1  f ( 4 )
[JEE(Main) 2014, (4, ñ º), 120]
1
(1*) 1 (2) ñ1 (3)  (4)


27. If A is an 3 ' 3 non-singular matrix such that AA = AA and B = Añ1A, then BB equals :
[JEE(Main) 2014, (4, ñ º), 120]
;fn A ,d ,slk 3 ' 3 O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wg gS fd AA = AA rFkk B = Añ1A gS] rks BBcjkcj gSµ
[JEE(Main) 2014, (4, ñ º), 120]
(1) B ñ1 ñ1
(2) (B ) (3) I + B (4*) I

1 2 2 
 
28. If A = 2 1 ñ 2 is a matrix satisfying the equation AAT = 9, where  is 3 ' 3 identity matrix, then the
a 2 b 

ordered pair (a, b) is equal to :

(1) (2, ñ 1) (2) (ñ2, 1) (3) (2, 1) (4) (ñ2, ñ 1)

1 2 2 
 
;fn A = 2 1 ñ 2  ,d ,slk vkO;wg gS tks vkO;wg lehdj.k AAT = 9, dks larq"V djrk gS tgk° 3 ' 3 dk rRled
a 2 b 

vkO;wg gS] rks ÿfer ;qXe(a, b) dk eku gS : [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, ñ º), 120]
(1) (2, ñ 1) (2) (ñ2, 1) (3) (2, 1) (4) (ñ2, ñ 1)

29. The set of all value of  for which the system of linear equations :
2x1 ñ 2x2 + x3 = x1
2x1 ñ 3x2 + 2x3 = x2
ñ x1 + 2x2 = x3
has a non-trivial solution, [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, ñ º), 120]
(1) is an empty set (2) is a singleton
(3) contains two elements (4) contains more than two elements
ds lHkh ekuksa dk leqPp;] ftuds fy, jsf{kd lehdj.k fudk; :
2x1 ñ 2x2 + x3 = x1
2x1 ñ 3x2 + 2x3 = x2
ñ x1 + 2x2 = x3
dk ,d vrqPN gy gS , [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, ñ º), 120]
(1) ,d fjDr leqPp; gSA (2) ,d ,dy leqPp; gSA
(3) esa nks vo;o gSA (4) esa nks ls vf/kd vo;o gSA

PART - III : CBSE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

Hkkx - III : CBSE ºfiNys o"kksZ. ds iz'u

 3  5
1. If A =   , show that A2 ñ 5A ñ 14 = 0. [CBSE 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010]
 4 2 
 3  5
;fn A =   4 
2 
iznf'kZr dhft, A2 ñ 5A ñ 14 = 0. [CBSE 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010]


2. Using matrix method solve the following system of linear equations :

vkO;wg fof/k dk iz;ksx djrs gq, fuEufyf[kr jSf[kd lehdj.k gy dhft, :
x+y+z=3
2x ñ y + z = 2
x ñ 2y + 3z = 2 [CBSE 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011]

 cos A sin A   cos nA sin nA 

3. If X =   Prove that Xn =  ,nN [CBSE 2004, 2005, 2006]
  sin A cos A    sin nA cos nA 
 cos A sin A   cos nA sin nA 
;fn X =  sin A cos A  fl) dhft, fd Xn =  sin nA cos nA  , n  N [CBSE 2004, 2005, 2006]
   

 ñ 2
 
4. If A =  4  and B = [1 3 ñ 6]. Find B'A'. [CBSE 2005, 2007]
 5 

 ñ 2
 
;fn A =  4 vkSj B = [1 3 ñ 6] rc B'A' Kkr dhft,A [CBSE 2005, 2007]
 5 

2 ñ 3 5 
 
3 2 ñ 4
5. If A =  , find Añ1. Use it to solve the following system of equations :
1 1 ñ 2
2x ñ 3y + 5z = 16
3x + 2y ñ 4z = ñ 4
x + y ñ 2z = ñ 3 [CBSE 2005, 2006, 2010, 2011]

2 ñ 3 5 
 
;fn A = 3 2 ñ 4 gS rc Añ1 Kkr dhft, blds iz;ksx ls fuEufyf[kr lehdj.k fudk; dks gy dhft,
1 1 ñ 2
2x ñ 3y + 5z = 16
3x + 2y ñ 4z = ñ 4
x + y ñ 2z = ñ 3 [CBSE 2005, 2006, 2010, 2011]
2 4   1 3 ñ 2 5
6. If A =  ,B=   and C =   Find the value of 2A ñ B ñ 3C.
3 2  ñ 2 5  3 4
[CBSE 2005, 2006]
2 4   1 3 ñ 2 5
;fn A = 3 2 , B =  ñ 2 5 vkSj C =  3 4  rc 2A ñ B ñ 3C dk eku Kkr dhft,A[CBSE 2005, 2006]
     
 1 3 5
 
ñ 6 8 3
7. Express the following matrix as the sum of a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix  .
 ñ 4 6 5 
[CBSE 2006, 2008, 2009]
 1 3 5
 
fuEu vkO;wg dks ,d lefer rFkk ,d fo"ke lefer vkO;wg  ñ 6 8 3  ds ;ksxQy ds :i esa iznf'kZr dhft,A
 ñ 4 6 5 
[CBSE 2006, 2008, 2009]

0 1 1
  A 2  3
1 0 1
8. Find Añ1 if A =  . Also show that Añ1 = . [CBSE 2006]
 1 1 0  2

0 1 1
  A 2  3
1 0 1
Añ1 Kkr dhft, ;fn A=  lkFk gh n'kkbZ;s fd Añ1 = .
 1 1 0  2

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Matrices & Determinant
9. Given fn;k gS
1 ñ 1 1  ñ 4 4 4
   
1 ñ 2 ñ 2 ñ7 1 3
A=  ,B= 
2 1 3   5 ñ 3 ñ 1
Find AB and use this result in solving the following system of equations [CBSE 2006, 2010]
AB Kkr dhft, rFkk bl ifj.kke dk fuEu lehdj.k fudk; dks gy djus esa mi;ksx dhft;s [CBSE 2006, 2010]
xñy+z=4
x ñ 2y ñ 2z = 9
2x + y + 3z = 1
(i  j )2
10. Construct a 2 ' 2 matrix, A = [ aij ], whose elements are given by aij =
2
[CBSE 2007, 2008, 2011]
( i  j )2
,d 2 ' 2 dk vkO;wg A = [ aij ] cukb;s ftlds vo;o aij = }kjk fn;s tkrs gSA
2
[CBSE 2007, 2008, 2011]

11. For what value of x, is the following matrix singular ? [CBSE 2008, 2011]
3 ñ 2x x  1
 
 2 4 
x ds fdl eku ds fy;s vkO;qg vO;qÿe.kh; gSA [CBSE 2008, 2011]
3 ñ 2x x  1
 
 2 4 

3 0 ñ 1
 
2 3 0
12. Obtain the inverse of the following matrix using elementary operations; A = 
0 4 1
[CBSE 2009, 2008, 2011]
3 0 ñ 1
 
2 3 0
izkjfEHkd :ikUrj.kksa dk mi;ksx dj vkO;wg A=  dk izfrykse Kkr dhft,A
0 4 1
[CBSE 2009, 2008, 2011]

13. If matrix A = (1 2 3), write AA, where Ais the transpose of matrix A. [CBSE 2009]
;fn vkO;wg A = (1 2 3) gks rks AA Kkr dhft, tcfd AvkO;wg A dk ifjorZ vkO;wg gSA [CBSE 2009]

 cos  ñ sin  
14. If A =   , then for what value of  is A an identity matrix ? [CBSE 2010]
 sin  cos  
cos  ñ sin  
;fn A =   , gS rc  ds fdl eku ds fy, A bZdkbZ vkO;wg gSA
 sin  cos  

15. For the following matrices A and B verify that (AB) = BA. [CBSE 2010]

 1 
 
 ñ 4
A= , B = (ñ 1 2 1).
 3 
 
vko;wg A vkSj B ds fy, lR;kfir dhft, (AB) = BAtgk° [CBSE 2010]

 1 
 
ñ 4
A=  , B = (ñ 1 2 1).
 3 
 
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ADVMT & DT - 55
Matrices & Determinant

16. If A is a matrix of order 3 ' 4 and B is matrix of order 4 ' 3, find the order of the matrix (AB).
[CBSE 2010]
;fn A ,d 3 ' 4 ÿe dk vkO;wg gS rFkk B ,d 4 ' 3 ÿe dk vkO;wg gS] rks vkO;wg (AB) dk ÿe Kkr dhft,A

9 ñ 1 4   1 2 ñ 1
17. If   =A+   , then find the matrix A. [CBSE 2013, 1]
2 1 3  0 4 9 
9 ñ 1 4   1 2 ñ 1
;fn 2 1 3  =A+   , rc vkO;wg A Kkr dhft,A
 0 4 9 

18. ;fn A ,d ,slk oxZ vkO;wg gS fd A2 = A gS, rks 7A ñ (I + A)3 dk eku fyf[k,, tgk° I rRled vkO;wg gSA
If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then write the value of 7A ñ (I + A)3, where I is an identity matrix.
Matrices [CBSE 2014, 1]

 xy z  1 4 
19. ;fn 2 x  y w    0 5
 gS, rks x + y dk eku Kkr dhft,A
  

 xy z   1 4 
If    , find the value of x + y Matrices [CBSE 2014, 1]
2 x  y w   0 5
20. nks fo|ky; A rFkk B vius pqus gq, fo|kfFkZvksa dks fu"diVrk] lR;okfnrk rFkk lgk;drk ds ewY;ksa ij iqjLdkj nsuk pkgrs
gSaA fo|ky; A vius ÿe'k% 3, 2 rFkk 1 fo|kfFkZvksa dk bu rhu ewY;ksa ds fy, izR;sd dks ÿe'k% x :i;s, y :i;s rFkk z
:i;s nsuk pkgrk gS tcfd bu iqjLdkjksa dk dqy ewY; 1,600 :i;s gSA fo|ky; B vius ÿe'k% 4, 1, rFkk 3 fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks
bu ewY;ksa ds fy, dqy 2300 :i;s iqjLdkj Lo:i nsuk pkgrk gS (rFkk igys fo|ky; tSls gh rhu ewY;ksa ogh iqjLdkj jkf'k
nsuk pkgrk gS) ;fn bu rhuksa ewY;ksa ij fn, x, ,d&,d iqjLdkj dh dqy jkf'k 900 gS, rks vkO;wgksa dk iz;ksx djds izR;sd
ewY; ds fy, nh xbZ iqjLdkj jfk'k Kkr dhft,A mi;qZDr rhu ewY;ksa ds vfrfjDr ,d vU; ewY; lq>kb,] tks iqjLdkj nsus
ds fy, 'kkfey djuk pkfg,A
Two schools A and B want to award their selected stdudents on the values of sincerity, truthfulness and
helpfulness. The shcool A wants to award Rs. x each, Rs. y each and Rs. z each for the three respective
values to 3, 2 and 1 students respectively with a total award money of Rs. 1,600. School B wants to spend
Rs. 2,300 to award its 4, 1 and 3 students on the respective values (by giving the same award money to the
three values as before). If the total amount of award for one prize on each value is Rs. 900, using matrices,
find the award money for each value. Apard from these three values, suggest one more value which should be
considered for award. [CBSE 2014, 6]
Determinant
1 bc a(b  c )
1 ca b(c  a)
21. Using the property of determinants, prove that = 0. [CBSE 2004]
1 ab c(a  b)

1 bc a(b  c )

lkjf.kd ds xq.k/keZ dk iz;ksx djrs gq, fl) djks fd 1 ca b(c  a) = 0. [CBSE 2004]
1 ab c(a  b)

22. Using properties of determinants, solve for x :

lkjf.kd xq.k/keZ dk iz;ksx djrs gq, x ds fy, gy dhft, :
ax ax ax
ax ax ax
=0 [CBSE 2004, 2005, 2009]
ax ax ax

23. Using properties of determinants, prove that :

lkjf.kd xq.k/keZ dk iz;ksx djds fl) dhft, fd
abc 2a 2a
2b bc a 2b
= (a + b + c)3 [CBSE 2004]
2c 2c c ab

sin  cos  cos(  )

sin  cos  cos(  )
24. Without expanding show that =0 [CBSE 2007]
sin  cos  cos(   )

sin  cos  cos(  )

izlkj fd;s fcuk iznf'kZr dhft, fd sin  cos  cos(  ) = 0 [CBSE 2007]
sin  cos  cos(   )

x4 2x 2x
2x x4 2x
25. Using the properties of determinants, prove the = (5x + 4) (4 ñ x)2.
2x 2x x4
[CBSE 2009, 2007]
x4 2x 2x
2x x4 2x
lkjf.kd ds xq.k/keksZa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, fl) dhft;s fd = (5x + 4) (4 ñ x)2.
2x 2x x4
[CBSE 2009, 2007]

26. Using properties of determinants, prove the following :

lkjf.kd xq.k/keZ dh lgk;rk ls fuEu dks gy dhft,&
1  a2 ñ b 2 2ab ñ 2b
2ab 1ñ a  b
2 2
2a
= (1 + a2 + b2)3 [CBSE 2008]
2b ñ 2a 1 ñ a2 ñ b2

27. Using properties of determinants, prove the following : [CBSE 2009]

1 1 p 1 p  q
2 3  2p 1  3p  2q
=1
3 6  3p 1  6p  3q
lkjf.kd ds xq.k/keksZ dk mi;ksx djds fl) dhft;s fd [CBSE 2009]
1 1 p 1 p  q
2 3  2p 1  3p  2q
=1
3 6  3p 1  6p  3q

28. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and |3A| = K|A|, then write the value of K. [CBSE 2010]
;fn A, 3 ÿe dk oxZ vkO;wg gS rFkk |3A| = K|A|, rks K dk eku Kkr dhft,A [CBSE 2010]

a b c

;fn a, b, c /kukRed o vleku gS] iznf'kZr dhft, fd lkjf.kd  = b c a _.kkRed gSA [CBSE 2010]
c a b

31. Using matrix method, solve the following system of equation : [CBSE 2011]
vkO;wg fof/k dh lgk;rk ls] fuEufyf[kr lehdj.k fudk; dk gy Kkr dhft, : [CBSE 2011]
2 3 10 4 6 5
  = 4, ñ  = 1,
x y z x y z
6 9 20
 ñ = 2 ; x, y, z  0
x y z
x 1 x ñ1 4 ñ1
32. If = , then write the value of x.
xñ3 x2 1 3
x 1 x ñ1 4 ñ1
;fn x ñ 3 x  2 = 1 3 , rc x dk eku fyf[k,A [CBSE 2013, 1]

añb 2a  c ñ1 5
33. Find the value of b if = [CBSE 2013, 1]
2a ñ b 3c  d 0 13
añb 2a  c ñ1 5
b dk eku Kkr dhft, ;fn 2a ñ b 3c  d = 0 13

34. Using properties of determinants, prove the following : [CBSE 2013, 4]

1 x x2
x2 1 x
2
= (1 ñ x3)2.
x x 1
lkjf.kd ds xq.k /keksZ dk mi;ksx djds fuEu dks fl) dhft,A [CBSE 2013, 4]

1 x x2
x2 1 x
2
= (1 ñ x3)2.
x x 1

35. A school wants to award its students for the value of Honesty, Regularity and Hard work with a total cash
award of ` 6,000. Three times the award money for hard work added to that given for honesty amount to
11000. The award money given for honesty and Hard work together is double the one given for Regularity.
Represent the above situation algebraically and find the award money for each value, using matrix method.
Apart from these values, namely, Honesty, Regularity and Hard work, suggest one more value which the
school must include for awards. [CBSE 2013, 6]
,d fo|ky; vius fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks uSfrd ewY;ksa bZekunkjh] fu;ferrk rFkk dBksj ifjJe ds fy;s uxn 6000 :i;s ds lEeku
ls iqjL—r djuk pkgrk gSA dBksj ifjJe ds fy, fn;s tkus okys iqjLdkj ds rhu xqus esa bZekunkjh ds fy,s fn;s tkus okys
iqjLdkj dks tksM+us ij 11000 gks tkrk gSA bZekunkjh rFkk dBksj ifjJe ds fy, ,d lkFk fn;k tkus okyk iqjLdkj] fu;ferrk
ds fy,s iqjLdkj dk nksxquk gSA mijksDr leL;k dks xf.krh; :i esa O;Dr djksA rFkk izR;sd ewY; ds fy,s nh tkus okyh iqjLdkj
jk'kh esa vkO;wg fof/k ls Kkr djksA
bu uSfrd ewY;ksa ds vfrfjDr Ldwy ,d vU; uSfrd ewY; buke ds fy, lfEefyr djuk pkgrk gS mlds fy, ,d uSfrd
ewY; dk eku lq>ko nhft,A [CBSE 2013, 6]
Corporate Office: CG Tower, A-46 & 52, IPIA, Near City Mall, Jhalawar Road, Kota (Raj.)-324005
Website : www.resonance.ac.in | E-mail : [email protected]
Toll Free : 1800 200 2244 | 1800 258 5555 | CIN: U80302RJ2007PTC024029
ADVMT & DT - 58
Matrices & Determinant

3x 7 8 7
36. ;fn  2 4  6 4 gS, rks x dk eku Kkr dhft,A

3x 7 8 7
If  , find the value of x. [CBSE 2014, 1]
2 4 6 4

37. lkjf.kdksa ds xq.k/keksZ dk iz;ksx djds] fl) fdft, fd %

1 a 1 1
1 1 b 1
= abc + bc + ca + ab
1 1 1 c
Using properties of determinants, prove that :
1 a 1 1
1 1 b 1
= abc + bc + ca + ab Determinants [CBSE 2014, 4]
1 1 1 c

 cos  sin  
38. IF A =   , then for any natural number n, find the value of Det (An).
 sin  cos 

 cos  sin  
;fn A =  sin  cos  , rc fdlh izkd`r la[;k n ds fy, Det (An) dk eku Kkr dhft,A[CBSE 2015, 1]
 

39. There are 2 families A and B. There are 4 men, 6 women and 2 children in family A, and 2 men, 2 women and
4 children in family B. The recommended daily amount of calories is 2400 for men, 1900 for women, 1800 for
children and 45 grams of proteins for men, 55 grams for women and 33 grams for children. Represent the
above information using matrices, Using matrix multiplication, calculate the total requirement of calories and
proteins for each of the 2 families. What awareness can you create among people about the balanced diet
from this question ?
nks ifjokj A vkSj B gSA ifjokj A esa 4 iq:"k, 6 efgyk,° vkSj 2 cPps gS rFkk ifjokj B esa 2 iq:"k] 2 efgyk,° vkSj 4 cPPks gSA
nSfud dSyksjh dh ek=kk,° iq:"k ds fy, 2400, efgyk,° ds fy, 1900 vkSj cPps ds fy, 1800 rFkk izksfVu dh ek=k iq:"k ds
fy, 45 xzke] efgyk ds fy, 55 xzke vkSj cPpksa ds fy, 33 xzke gSA mijksDr lwpukvksa dks vkO;wg dh lgk;rk ls O;Dr dhft,A
vkO;wg xq.ku dh lgk;rk ls nks ifjokjks ds izR;sd ds fy, dSykSjh vkSj izksVhu dh ek=kk dk dqy miHkksx Kkr dhft,A bl
iz'u ls larqfyr vkgkj ds ckjs esa O;fDr;ksa dh D;k tkx:drk gksxhA [CBSE 2015, 4]

40. Using properties of determinants, prove that

lkjf.kd ds xq.k/keZ dh lgk;rk ls fl) dhft, fd
a3 2 a
b3 2 b
3
= 2 (a ñ b) (b ñ c) (c ñ a) (a + b + c). [CBSE 2015, 4]
c 2 c

41. Using elementary row operations (transformations), find the inverse of the following matrix :
izkjfEHkd iafDr :ikUrj.k dh lgk;rk ls fuEu vkO;wg dk izfrykse Kkr dhft,A
0 1 2
 
 1 2 3
3 1 0
 

0 6 7 0 1 1  2
     
 6 0 8 , B   1 0 2, C   2 , then calculate
If A = 
 7  8 0   1 2 0  3 
AC, BC and (A + B) C, Also verify that (A + B) C = AC + BC.

0 6 7 0 1 1  2
     
 6 0 8 , B   1 0 2, C   2 , rc
;fn A=
 7  8 0   1 2 0  3 

AC, BC vkSj (A + B) C dks Kkr dhft, rFkk lR;kfir dhft, (A + B) C = AC + BC. [CBSE 2015, 4]

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

fo"k;kRed iz'u ºSUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS/

a 2  ( b 2  c 2 )cos  ab (1  cos ) ac (1  cos )

2 2 2
1. If a2 + b2 + c2 = 1, then prove that ba (1  cos ) b  ( c  a )cos  bc (1  cos )
ca (1  cos ) cb (1  cos ) c 2  ( a 2  b 2 )cos 

is independent of a, b, c
;fn a2 + b2 + c2 = 1 gks] rks fl) dhft, fd lkjf.kd

a 2  ( b 2  c 2 )cos  ab (1  cos ) ac (1  cos )

ba (1  cos ) b 2  ( c 2  a 2 )cos  bc (1  cos ) dk eku a, b, c ls LorU=k gSA
2 2 2
ca (1  cos ) cb (1  cos ) c  ( a  b )cos 

2. If a, b, c, x, y, z  R, then prove that,

;fn a, b, c, x, y, z  R, rc fl) dhft, fd
(a  x ) 2 (b x )2 (c  x ) 2 (1ax )2 (1bx )2 (1c x )2
(a  y ) 2 (b y )2 (c  y ) 2 = (1ay )2 (1by )2 (1c y )2 .
(a  z ) 2 (bz )2 (c  z ) 2 (1az )2 (1bz )2 (1c z )2

1  a1 1 1
3. If a1, a2, a3 are distinct real roots of the equation px + px + qx + r = 0 such that 3 2
1 1 a2 1 = 0,
1 1 1  a3
r
then Prove that <0
p
1  a1 1 1
lehdj.k px + px + qx + r = 0 ds ewy ;fn a1, a2, a3 fHkUu-fHkUu gSsa blh izdkj
3 2
1 1 a2 1 = 0, gks rks
1 1 1  a3
r
fl) dhft, fd p < 0

 ''  '  '

4. Prove that  =  '  '   ' ' = (' ñ ') (' ñ ') (' ñ ')
 ''  ' '

 ''  '  '

fl) dhft, fd %  =  ' '  ' ' = (' ñ ') (' ñ ') (' ñ ')
 ''  ' '

Corporate Office: CG Tower, A-46 & 52, IPIA, Near City Mall, Jhalawar Road, Kota (Raj.)-324005
Website : www.resonance.ac.in | E-mail : [email protected]
Toll Free : 1800 200 2244 | 1800 258 5555 | CIN: U80302RJ2007PTC024029
ADVMT & DT - 61
Matrices & Determinant
5. If ax 1" + by1" + cz12 = d ax 2x 3 + by2y3 + cz2z3 = f
ax 22 + by22 + cz22 = d and ax 3x 1 + by3y1 + cz3z1 = f
ax 32 + by32 + cz32 = d ax 1x 2 + by1y2 + cz1z2 = f
2
x1 y1 z1
d  2f
then prove that x 2 y2 z2 = (d  f)2 , where a, b, c  0.
abc
x3 y3 z3

;fn ax 1" + by1" + cz12 = d vkSj ax 2x 3 + by2y3 + cz2z3 = f

ax 22 + by22 + cz22 = d ax 3x 1 + by3y1 + cz3z1 = f gks] rks
ax 32 + by32 + cz32 = d ax 1x 2 + by1y2 + cz1z2 = f
2
x1 y1 z1
d  2f
fl) dhft, fd x 2 y 2 z 2 = (d  f)2 , tgk° a, b, c  0.
abc
x3 y3 z3

x1x 2 2  y1y 2 2  a2 x1 y1 1
2

6. If x 2 x 3 2  y 2 y 3 2  b , prove that 4 x
2
2 y 2 1 =(a + b + c) (b + c  a) (c + a  b)(a + b  c).
x 3 x1 2  y 3 y1 2  c2 x3 y3 1

x1x 2 2  y1y 2 2  a2 x1 y1 1
2

;fn x 2 x 3   y 2 y 3 
2 2
 b2 gks] rks fl) dhft, fd 4 x 2 y 2 1
x 3 x1 2  y 3 y1 2 c 2
x3 y3 1
= (a + b + c) (b + c  a) (c + a  b) (a + b  c).
u v 0
u d2 y
7. If y = , where u & v are functions of ' x ', show that, v3 = u v  v .
v d x 2 u v  2v 

u v 0
u d2 y
;fn y = , tgk° u vkSj v ] x' ds Qyu gks] rks iznf'kZr dhft, fd v3 2 = u v  v .
v dx u v  2v 

8. If ,  be the real roots of ax2+ bx+c = 0 and sn= n + n, then prove that as n + bs nñ1 + cs nñ2 = 0 for all
3 1  s1 1  s 2
n  2, n  N. Hence or otherwise prove that 1  s1 1  s 2 1  s 3 > 0 for all real a, b, c.
1  s2 1  s3 1  s4

;fn ,  lehdj.k ax2+ bx+c = 0 ds okLrfod ewy gS vkSj sn= n + n gks] rks fl) dhft, fd
as n + bs nñ1 + cs nñ2 = 0, tgk° n  2, n  N rFkk blls a, b, c ds lHkh okLrfod ekuksa ds fy, fl) dhft, fd

3 1  s1 1  s 2
% 1  s1 1  s 2 1  s 3 > 0 ,
1  s2 1  s3 1  s4

1 1 1
a a (a  d ) (a  d ) (a  2 d )
1 1 1
9. Let a > 0, d > 0. Find the value of determinant (a  d ) (a  d ) (a  2 d ) ( a  2 d ) (a  3 d ) .
1 1 1
(a  2 d ) (a  2 d ) ( a  3 d ) (a  3 d ) (a  4 d )

1 1 1
a a (a  d ) (a  d ) (a  2 d )
1 1 1
(a  d ) (a  d ) (a  2 d ) ( a  2 d ) (a  3 d ) dk eku Kkr dhft,A
1 1 1
(a  2 d ) (a  2 d ) ( a  3 d ) (a  3 d ) (a  4 d )

4 d4
Ans.
a (a  d) 2 (a  2 d) 3 (a  3 d) 2 (a  4 d)


10^. Let a r  xr ài  yr àj  zr k,
à , r = 1, 2, 3 be three mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then find the value of

x1 x2 x3
y1 y2 y3
.
z1 z2 z3

x1 x 2 x3

à , r = 1, 2, 3 rhu ijLij yEcor~ bdkbZ lfn'k gS rc y1 y 2 y 3 gSA
ekuk a r  xr ài  yr àj  zr k,
z1 z2 z3

Ans. 1

xk x k 2 x k3
 1 1 1
11. If yk y k 2 y k3 = (x  y) (y  z) (z  x)     , then find the value of k.
x y z
zk zk2 zk3

xk x k 2 x k3
1 1 1
;fn yk yk2 y k3 = (x  y) (y  z) (z  x)     gks rks k dk eku Kkr dhft,A
x y z  
zk zk2 zk3

Ans. k=1

ap  x uf
12. If the determinant b  q m  y v  g splits into exactly K determinants of order 3, each element of
c  r n z w  h
which contains only one term, then find the value of K =
ap  x uf
;fn lkjf.kd b  q m  y v  g dks 3 ÿe ds K lkjf.kdksa esa izlkfjr dj fn;k tk;s ftldk izR;sd vo;o
cr n z w h

dsoy ,d in j[krk gS rks K dk eku Kkr djksA

Ans. 8

a a3 a 4 1
13^. If a, b, c are all different and b b3 b 4 1 = 0, then find the value of abc (ab + bc + ca) ñ (a + b + c).
c c3 c 4 1

a a3 a 4 1
;fn a, b, c lHkh fofHkUu gS rFkk b b 3 b 4 1 = 0, rc abc (ab + bc + ca) ñ (a + b + c) dk eku Kkr dhft,A
c c3 c 4 1

Ans. 0

0 b c
14^. If a, b, c are complex numbers and z = b 0  a then show that z is purely imaginary..
c a 0

0 b c
;fn a, b, c lfEeJ la[;k,a gS rFkk z = b 0 a gS rc n'kkZb;s fd z ,d fo'kq) dkYifud gSA
c a 0

f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )]g( x ) 1
2 2 2 g( x 2 )
15^. If f(x) = log10x and g(x) = e ix
and h(x) = f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )] 0 , then find the value of h(10).
3
f ( x 3 )g( x 3 ) [ f ( x 3 )]g( x ) 1

f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )]g( x ) 1
2 2 2 g( x 2 )
;fn f(x) = log10x vkSj g(x) = eix vkSj h(x) = f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )] 0 , rc h(10) dk eku gS&
3 3 3 g( x 3 )
f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )] 1

Ans. 0

2r 1 m
Cr 1
16^. Let m be a positive integer & Dr = m 2 1 2m m1 (0  r  m), then find the value of
sin m2
  2
sin (m) sin (m1)
2 2

m
 Dr .
r0

2r 1 m
Cr 1 m
ekuk m ,d /kukRed iw.kkZd gS rFkk Dr = m 1 2
2 m
m1 (0  r  m) rc  D r dk eku gSA
sin m 2
  2
sin (m) sin (m1)
2 2 r0

Ans. 0
a 1  2i 3  5i
17^. If a, b, c, are real numbers, and D = 1  2i b  7  3i then show that D is purely real.
3  5i  7  3i c

a 1  2i 3  5i
;fn a, b, c, okLrfod la[;k,a gS rFkk D = 1  2i b  7  3i rc n'kkZb;s fd D fo'kq) okLrfod gSA
3  5i  7  3i c

1 a 1 n
18^. If ;fn A    then rc find nlim A Kkr dhft,A.
 n
0 1
0 a 
Ans.  
0 0 
  
 cos 9 sin 9 
19. Let P =  and  be non-zero real numbers such that p6 + p3 + 
 
 ñ sin cos 
 9 9 
is the zero matrix. Then find value of ( 2   2   2 )(  ñ )( ñ  )(  ñ  ) .

  
 cos 9 sin
9
ekuk P= 
 
 ñ sin cos 
 9 9 

rFkk  v'kwU; okLrfod la[;k,sa bl izdkj gS fd p6 + p3 + 'kwU; vkO;wg gks] rks ( 2  2   2 )(  ñ)( ñ  )(  ñ  ) dk
eku Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 1

20. Consider an odd order square symmetric matrix A = [ai j]nxn. It's element in any row are 1, 2, ......, n in some
order, then prove that a11, a22, ..........., ann are numbers 1, 2, 3, ......, n in some order.
fo"ke ÿe ds lefer oxZ vkO;wg A = [ai j]nxn ds fdlh Hkh iafDr es vo;o 1, 2, ......, n fdlh ÿe es gS rks fl) dhft,
fd a11, a22, -, ann fdlh ÿe es 1, 2, 3, ......, n la[;k,sa gSA
1 1 1  2 ñ 1 ñ 1
   
1 1 1 ñ 1 2 ñ 1
21. Let A =  ; B=  and C = 3A + 7B
1 1 1  ñ 1 ñ 1 2 

Prove that
(i) (A + B)2013 = A2013 + B2013
(ii) Prove that An = 3n ñ 1 A ; Bn = 3n ñ 1 B ; Cn = 32n ñ 1 A + 7.21n ñ 1 B.

1 1 1  2 ñ 1 ñ 1
   
ñ 1 2 ñ 1
ekuk A = 1 1 1 ; B= 
1 1 1  ñ 1 ñ 1 2 

vkSj C = 3A + 7B
fl) dhft, fd
(i) (A + B)2013 = A2013 + B2013
(ii) fl) dhft, fd An = 3n ñ 1 A ; Bn = 3n ñ 1 B ; Cn = 32n ñ 1 A + 7.21n ñ 1 B.

22. Let 'A' is (4,4) matrix such that sum of elements in each row is 1. Find out sum of all the elements in A10.
ekuk 'A'. (4,4) vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd bldh izR;sd iafDr ds vo;oksa dk ;ksxQy 1 gS] rks A10 ds lHkh vo;oksa dk ;ksxQy
Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 4

 x x x 
 
x x   x
23^. Let A =   , then prove that Añ1 exists if 3x +   0,   0
 x x x 

 x x x 
 
x x x
ekuk A=  , rc n'kkZb;s fd Añ1 fo|eku gS ;fn 3x +   0,   0
 x x x 

24. Prove that if A and B are n , n matrices, then det (n ñ AB) = det (n ñ BA).
fl) djks fd ;fn A rFkk B, n , n ÿe dh vkO;wg gS] rc det (n ñ AB) = det (n ñ BA).

25. Let A be an n , n matrix such that An = A where  is a real number different from 1 and ñ 1. Prove that
the matrix A + n is invertible.
ekuk A ,d n , n ÿe dk vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd An = A tgk°  , ñ1 vkSj 1 ls fHkUu ,d okLrfod la[;k gSA
fl) djks fd vkO;wg A + n Áfrykseh; gSA

26. Let p and q be real numbers such that x 2 + px + q  0 for every real number x. Prove that if n is an odd
positive integer, then X 2 + pX + qn  0n for all real matrices X of order n , n.
ekuk p rFkk q okLrfod la[;k,° bl izdkj gS fd izR;sd okLrfod la[;k x ds fy, x2 + px + q  0 fl) djks fd
;fn n ,d fo"ke /kukRed iw.kk±d gS rks n , n ÿe dh lHkh okLrfod vkO;wgksa ds fy, X2 + pX + qn  0n

27^. Let A, B, C be three 3 , 3 matrices with real entries. If BA + BC + AC =  and det(A + B) = 0 then find the
value of det(A + B + C ñ BAC).
ekuk A, B, C rhu 3 , 3 ÿe ds okLrfod vo;oksa dk vkO;wg gSA ;fn BA + BC + AC =  rFkk det(A + B) = 0
rc det(A + B + C ñ BAC) dk eku Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 0

1 1
 z1  z2   z1 z2   12 0
28^. If |z1| = |z2| = 1, then prove that     =  1 
z2 z1   z 2 z1  0 2

1 1
 z1  z2   z1 z2   12 0
;fn |z1| = |z2| = 1, gks rks fl) dhft, fd z    =  1 
 2 z1   z 2 z1  0 2

0 1 2  1/ 2  1/ 2 1/ 2 
   
29. If A = 
1 2 3  ñ1
,A =  4 3 c  , then find values of a & c.
 3 a 1   5 / 2  3 / 2 1/ 2 

0 1 2  1/ 2  1/ 2 1/ 2 
   
1 2 3  , Añ1 =   4
A=  3 c  gks rks a vkSj c dk eku Kkr dhft,A
 3 a 1   5 / 2  3 / 2 1/ 2 
Ans. a = 1, c = ñ 1

30. If A and B are two square matrices such that B = ñAñ1 BA, then show that (A +B)2 = A2 + B2
;fn A vkSj B nks oxZ vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd B = ñAñ1 BA, rc n'kkZb;s fd (A +B)2 = A2 + B2

31. Solve the following systems of linear equations by matrix method.

fuEu jsf[kd lehdj.k fudk; dks vkO;wg dh lgk;rk ls gy dhft, &
(i) 2x  y + 3z = 8 (ii) x+y+z=9
x + 2y + z = 4 2x + 5y + 7z = 52
3x + y  4z = 0 2x + y  z = 0
Ans. (i) x = 2, y = 2, z = 2 (ii) x = 1, y = 3, z = 5

a 1 0 a 1 1 f  a 2  x
       
33. If A  1 b d , B  0 d c  U  g, V   0  , X = y
 
1 b c   f g h h 0  z 
 
and AX = U has infinitely many solution. Prove that BX = V has no unique solution, also prove that if afd  0,
then BX = V has no solution.

a 1 0 a 1 1 f  a 2  x
       
;fn A  1 b d , B  0 d c  U  g, V   0  , X = y vkSj AX = U ds vuUr gy gks] rks fl)
 
1 b c   f g h h 0  z 
 
dhft, fd BX = V dk dksbZ vf}rh; gy ugha gSaA ;g Hkh fl) dhft, fd ;fn afd  0 gks] rks BX = V dk dksbZ gy
ugha gSaA

 4 4 4   1 1 1 
   
34. Determine the product   7 1 3   1  2  2  and use it to solve the system of equations.
 5  3  1   2 1 3 
x ñ y + z = 4, x ñ 2 y ñ 2 z = 9, 2 x + y + 3 z = 1.

 4 4 4   1 1 1 
   
xq.kuQy  7 1 3   1  2  2  Kkr dhft, vkSj bldk mi;ksx djds lehdj.k fudk;
 5  3  1   2 1 3 

x ñ y + z = 4, x ñ 2 y ñ 2 z = 9, 2 x + y + 3 z = 1 dks gy dhft,A
Ans. x = 3, y = ñ 2, z = ñ 1

3  2 3  3 0 3   x  8  2 y 
         .
A1, if A = 2 1  1 Hence solve the matrix equations
2 1 0  y    1   z 
35. Compute
4  3 2  4 0 2  z  4 3 y 

3  2 3  3 0 3   x  8  2 y 
 
;fn A = 2 1  1 gks] rks A1 Kkr dhft,A vkO;wg lehdj.k 2 1 0  y    1   z  dks gy dhft,A
4  3 2  4 0 2  z  4 3 y 

1 5 1
1  
Ans. x = 1, y = 2, z = 3, A ñ1
= 8 6  9
17 
10  1  7 

36. If the system of equations x = cy + bz, y = az + cx and z = bx + ay has a non-zero solution and at least one
of a, b, c is a proper fraction, prove that a3 + b3 + c3 < 3 and abc > ñ 1.
;fn lehdj.k fudk; x = cy + bz, y = az + cx rFkk z = bx + ay ds v'kwU; gy gks rFkk a, b, c es de ls de ,d mfpr
fHkUu gks] rks fl) dhft, fd a3 + b3 + c3 < 3 rFkk abc > ñ 1.

ñ 1 3 5 
 1  3  5
39. Given the matrix A =   and X be the solution set of the equation Ax = A, where x  N ñ {1}.
  1 3 5 

x3  1
Evaluate  ; where the continued product extends  x  X.
x3 ñ 1

ñ 1 3 5 
 1  3  5 x3  1
,d vkO;wg A =   rFkk lehdj.k Ax
= A tgk° x  N ñ {1} dk gy lewPp; X gks] rks  3 ; tgk°
  1 3 5  x ñ1

 x  X ds fy, lrr~ xq.kQy gS] ifjdyu dhft,A

3
Ans.
2
Comprehension (Q. NO. 40 to 42)
Any non-zero vector, X, is said to be characteristic vector of a matrix A, if there exist a number  such that AX
= X. And then  is said to be a charactristic root of the matrix A corresponding to the characteristic vector X
and vice versa.
Also AX = X  (A ñ )X = 0
Since X  0  |A ñ | = 0
Thus every characteristic root  of a matrix A is a root of its characteristic equation.
40_. Prove that the two matrices A and Pñ1 AP have the same characteristic roots and hence show that square
matrices AB & BA have same characteristic roots if at least one of them is invertible.
|A|
41_. If q is a characteristic root of a non singular matrix, then prove that is a characteristic root of a adj A.
q

42_. Show that if 1, 2, ........, n are n characteristic roots of a square matrix A of order n, then the roots of the
matrix A2 be 12, 22,......... n2.

vuqPNsn (iz'u la[;k 40 ls 42)

,d v'kwU; lfn'k X, dks vkO;wg A, dk vfHkyk{kf.kd lfn'k dgk tkrk gS ;fn ,d la[;k bl izdkj fo|eku gS fd
AX = X rFkk  dks vkO;g A dk vfHkyk{kf.kd ewy lfn'k X ds laxr dgk tkrk gS rFkk foykserA
rFkk AX = X  (A ñ )X = 0
pwafd X  0  |A ñ | = 0
vr% vkO;wg A dk izR;sd vfHkyk{kf.kd ewy,bldh vfHkyk{kf.kd lehdj.k dk ewy gSA

40_. fl) dhft, fd nks vkO;wg A rFkk Pñ1 AP ds leku vfHkyk{kf.kd ewy gS vr% n'kkZb;s fd oxZ vkO;wg AB vkSj BA ds
Hkh leku vfHkyk{kf.kd gksaxsa ;fn muesa ls de ls de ,d izfryksfe; gSA

|A|
41_. ;fn q, ,d O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wg dk vfHkyk{kf.kd ewy gS rc fl) dhft, fd q
, adj A dk vfHkyk{kf.kd ewy gSA

42. n'kkZb;s fd ;fn 1, 2, ........, n , n ÿe dh ,d oxZ vkO;wg A ds n vfHkyk{kf.kd ewy gS
rc vkO;wg 12, 22,......... n2 gSA

43_. IF threre are three square matrices A, B, C of same order satisying the equation A3 = Añ1 and let
(n  4)
B   A 3 and C  A
n 3
then prove that det(B + C) = 0, n  N
(n  4)
leku ÿe dh ;fn rhu oxZ vkO;wg A, B, C lehdj.k A3 = Añ1 dks larq"B djrs gS rFkk B   A 3 vkSj C  A 3
n

rc fl) dhft, fd det(B + C) = 0, n N

44_. If A is a non-singular matrix satisfying AB ñ BA = A, then prove that det.(B + I) = det.(B ñ I)

;fn A ,d O;qRÿe.kh; vkO;wg bl izdkj gS fd AB ñ BA = A dks larq"B djrk gS rc fl) dhft,
det.(B + ) = det.(B ñ )

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