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SCIENCE
Quarter 1 – Module 4.1:
ELECTRICITY

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Science – Grade 8
Quarter 1 – Module 12: Current

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

WRITERS: Janeth B. Dellomas

Joland L. Dellomas

REVIEWERS: Jay N. Beltran

Welimen C. Oseo
Maria Charlene D. Dipad
Alvin T. Rosare
Michelle H. Guadamor

EDITORS: Maria Charlene D. Dipad

Welimen C. Oseo
Michelle H. Guadamor

LAYOUT ARTISTS: Roman B. Jebulan

Kevin H. Ojos

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 Most Essential Learning Competency

Infer the Relationship between Current and Voltage

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 CURRENT
Introduction

. You have been learning a lot about electricity from

Grade 3 to Grade 7. You have learned about its sources
and uses; what materials make good conductors of
electricity; what makes up an electric circuit; and how
electrical energy is transferred or transformed into other
forms of energy.
In this module, you will learn more about
electricity. There are quantities that you should be
familiar with in the study of electricity such as current.

Most Essential Learning

Competency & Objectives
In this module, you will learn to Infer the Relationship between Current and
Voltage

Specifically, you will learn to:

1. Define current;
2. Determine the amount of current in a circuit

Pre-Test

Before you study this module, try to answer the

five (5) questions on the next page.

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Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the correct
answer.

1. Which of the following statements correctly describe electric current?

A. It is measured in volts.
B. It is measured using a voltmeter.
C. It is the energy that moves the charges in a circuit.
D. It is the measure of the number of electrical charges passing
through a cross-section of a conductor in a given time.

2. What device measures the amount of current in a circuit?

A. Ammeter B. Electric meter C. Ohmmeter D. Voltmeter

3. In which circuit the bulb glows brightest? Why?

A. Circuit 1 because as the amount of current increases, the charge

flowing decreases.
B. Circuit 2 because as the amount of current increases, the charge
flowing also increases.
C. Circuit 1 because as the amount of current increases, the charge
flowing remains the same.
D. Circuit 2 because as the amount of current decreases, the charge
flowing increases.

4. Given the illustrations below, which circuit has the highest amount of current
in the circuit?

CIRCUIT 1 CIRCUIT 2 CIRCUIT 3

A. Circuit 1 C. Circuit 3

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 B. Circuit 2 D. Circuit 1 and 2
5. Given the illustrations below, which circuit has the lowest amount of current
in the circuit?

A. Circuit 1 C. Circuit 3
B. Circuit 2 D. Circuit 2 and 3

How did you find the test? It’s okay if

you’re not yet sure with your answers. As you
go on with this module, you will learn and find
out if you’re answers are correct. So buckle up
and get ready with your journey.

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 Learning Activities

E licit
Before we start our lesson for this module, let’s revisit the
idea of a simple electric circuit. A simple electric circuit is
any arrangement of materials that permits electrons to flow.
It contains a source of electric energy and parts that
consume electric energy. Below is an example of an
electric circuit. Use the figure below to answer the
succeeding questions.

1. What are the parts of a complete electrical circuit?

A complete electric circuit is composed of
____________________________________.
2. A flashlight has a spring at its base. What do you think is its purpose?
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________.
3. Is the flashlight shown in the figure an example of a closed circuit or an
open circuit? Why do you say so?
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.

You need the concept about electric

circuits for you to better understand our lesson
for this module.

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 E ngage
Two different circuits are shown below. Now, I would
like you to analyze and compare them. Then, answer
the questions that follow. You can do it!

1. In Circuit 1, does the bulb light up? Why do you say so?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. In Circuit 2, does the bulb light up? Why do you say so?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

You will learn more about current as

you do the succeeding activities.

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 E xplore
You are now going to answer two activities to
learn more about electric current and how it is
determined in a circuit.

Exploration 1: LET’S MOVE!

In this activity you are going to define

current. Study the illustrations below of
three different circuits then answer the
questions that follow.

CIRCUIT 1 CIRCUIT 2 CIRCUIT 3

1. What can you say about the brightness of the bulb in each circuit? In
which circuit the bulb glows brightest? Why?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. What makes each bulb glow?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. How would you define electric current?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

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 In the previous activity, you were able to define an
electric current. But, how is electric current measured?
What device is used to measure it? What unit is used
to express it? Let’s find out in the next activity!

Exploration 2: MEASURE ME!

In this activity, you are going to determine the amount of current in

a circuit using an ammeter. Study and analyze the illustrations below
of different circuits then answer the questions that follow.

1. In which circuit the bulb light up? Why?

___________________________________________________________
2. What indicates that the bulb light up?
___________________________________________________________
3. What causes the deflection of the ammeter needle?
____________________________________________________________

Great job! You have completed the activities. Take

time to review and analyze your answers. This
activity enables you to understand how current is
determined in a circuit.

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 E xplain
Take time to read and understand the following
concepts for you to confirm the ideas in the
activities you have answered.

As you can see in the simple circuit

figures, like the one in the right (Figure 2), its
parts form a continuous path through which a
charge can flow. This continuous flow of electric
charge is an electric current. Electric charges
can be made to move through a conducting
material. The electric charges are the electrons
of the conducting materials. Materials such as
copper, steel, and aluminum have a lot of loosely Figure 2: Simple Circuit
held electrons which made them good conductors
of electricity. Current is a measure of the number of charges passing through a
cross-section of a conductor in a given time.
Electric current is measured in amperes using an ammeter. An ammeter
is connected in series with the load/s whose current you are to measure.
An ammeter measures electric current. Figure 2 shows how the ammeter
is connected in a circuit. The positive terminal of an ammeter is connected to
the positive terminal of the energy source (e.g. battery) while the negative
terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the energy source as shown
in Figure 1.

Figure 2: Ammeter connected in a circuit

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 Now that you have understood what is electric
current and how it is determined in a circuit, let’s try to
apply what you’ve learned in the next task.

E laborate
Now, in order to summarize what you have learned in
this module, use the words inside the box to fill in the
missing words in the following two graphic organizers.
Try to answer first the graphic organizer on electric
current.
.

Charges
Decreasing dry cells
Less
More
Dimmer
Brighter
Current
Adding dry cells

GRAPHIC ORGANIZER 1: ELECTRIC CURRENT

1.

is the flow of

2.

can be
3. 6.

by by

4. 7.

Which make bulb glow

5. 8.

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 Good job! This time, you can now answer the second
graphic organizer on determining electric current in a
circuit. Use the words inside the box below to fill in the
missing words in the next graphic organizer.

Ammeter
High current
Less deflection
bright
dim
Current
More deflection
Low current

GRAPHIC ORGANIZER 2: DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF CURRENT

1.

can be measured using

2.

which can have

3. 6.

if the bulb is if the bulb is

4. 7.

indicating indicating

5. 8.

Now that you have summarized and

understood important concepts about electric current,
let’s extend your understanding a little further by
answering the next task.

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 E xtend

Look and observe the things inside your home.

This time, I want you to identify one device that can be
found in your home which needs electric current for it
to function. Then, explain briefly how it works. Write
your answer in the table below.

NAME OF DEVICE HOW IT WORKS

Great job! You have completed your task. If

you need some clarifications feel free to ask your
teacher.

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 Vocabulary List

You may refer to the following vocabulary

words used in this module:

AMMETER- is a measuring instrument used to measure the current in a circuit.

Electric currents are measured in amperes (A).
DEFLECTION –the departure of an indicator or pointer from the zero reading
on the scale of an instrument
ELECTRIC CURRENT - the rate of flow of charge. It is the quantity of charge
that passes through a surface (for example the cross section of a wire) per unit
time.
ELECTRIC CHARGE - The property of matter that is responsible for electrical
phenomena. There are two types of electric charge: positive and negative
(commonly carried by protons and electrons respectively).

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 E valuate

Post-Test

I know that you can now answer the

questions below. The questions will test how
much have you learned in this module. You can
do it!

Direction: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct
answer.
1. Which of the following statements correctly describe electric current?
C. It is measured in volts.
D. It is measured using a voltmeter.
C. It is the energy that moves the charges in a circuit.
D. It is the measure of the number of electrical charges passing
through a cross-section of a conductor in a given time.

2. What device measures the amount of current in a circuit?

A. Ammeter B. Electric meter C. Ohmmeter D. Voltmeter

3. In which circuit the bulb glows brightest? Why?

A. Circuit 1 because as the amount of current increases, the charge

flowing decreases.
B. Circuit 2 because as the amount of current increases, the charge
flowing also increases.

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 C. Circuit 1 because as the amount of current increases, the charge
flowing remains the same.
D. Circuit 2 because as the amount of current decreases, the charge
flowing increases.
4. Given the illustrations below, which circuit has the highest amount of current
in the circuit?

CIRCUIT 1 CIRCUIT 2 CIRCUIT 3

A. Circuit 1 C. Circuit 3
B. Circuit 2 D. Circuit 1 and 2

5. Given the illustrations below, which circuit has the lowest amount of current
in the circuit?

A. Circuit 1 C. Circuit 3
B. Circuit 2 D. Circuit 2 and 3

Hooray, you have finished your first module for

electricity!
Please check your answers by referring to the
answer key. If you scored lower than 4, please go over
the earlier parts of this module and take on the
activities once again. If you scored 4 or above, you are
now ready for the next module.
CONGRATULATIONS!

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 Answer Keys

Pre-Test Answer Keys

1. D
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. A

Learning Activities Answer Keys

ELICIT:
1. A complete electric circuit is composed of a power source, connecting
wires, a load and a switch.
2. The spring at the base of a flashlight serves as conductor that interconnects
the different parts of the circuit. It provides path for electrons/charge to flow in
the circuit.
3. The flashlight shown in the figure is an example of a closed circuit because
the bulb is working or it is lighted which indicate complete path for electrons to
flow.
ENGAGE:
1. No, because it is open circuit.
2. Yes, because it is a closed circuit.

EXPLORATION 1: Let’s Move!

1. The brightness of the bulb is different in each circuit. The bulb glow brightest
in Circuit 3 because it has more number of charges/electrons flowing in the
circuit.
2. Each bulb glow since it is a close circuit which enable charges/electric current
to pass through the wire.
3. Electric current is the flow of electrons/charges in a circuit.

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EXPLORATION 2: Measure Me!
1. Circuit 2 because it is closed circuit.
2. The deflection of the ammeter needle indicates that the bulb light up.
3. The deflection of ammeter needle is caused by the presence or flow of
charges in the circuit.
ELABORATE:
Graphic Organizer 1:
1. Current
2. charges
3. less
4. decreasing no. of dry cells
5. dimmer
6. more
7. increasing no. of dry cells
8. brighter
Graphic Organizer 2:
1. Current
2. Ammeter
3. more deflection
4. bright
5. high current
6. less deflection
7. dim
8. low current

EXTEND:
Sample Answer:
Smartphones/Cellular phones have batteries. When it is plugged into the mains,
electricity is used to reset a chemical reaction within the battery, transferring
electrons from the negative anode to the cathode-the positive end of the
battery. Once charged, the battery can then create electricity by driving
electrons through a circuit to the anode and will continue to do so until all of the
electrons contained within the battery have transferred to the anode or a built-
in switch disconnects the battery.

Post-Test Answer Keys

1. D
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. A

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 References

Department of Education. Region V. Prototype and Contextualized Daily

Lesson Plans in Grade 8 Science Quarter 1. 2019

Department of Education. Science-Grade 8 Learner’s Module. 2016.

Philippines, FEP Printing Corporation

Department of Education. Science-Grade 8 Teachers Guide. 2016 Philippines.

Department of Education. Physics .Science and Technology Textbook for

Fourth Year. Mandaluyong City: Book Media Press, Inc.

https://isaacphysics.org/concepts/cp_electric_current
https://physics.info/charge/summary.shtml
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_charge
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammeter

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