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Wild Animals

wild animals

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81 views3 pages

Wild Animals

wild animals

Uploaded by

jramatlhakolane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT

WILD ANIMALS

Concepts
-Wildlife: A country’s flora and fauna
-National Park: A protected area in which wild animals, plants and everything within it is
preserved
-Game Reserve: A protected area in which wild animals or game are preserved
-Protected area: An area reserved for wildlife management and utilization
-Wildlife Management Areas(WMA’s): Areas set aside for utilization and management of
wildlife eg. National parks and game reserves

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-Controlled Hunting Areas(CHA’s): Areas designed for regulation of wildlife utilization
anywhere in Botswana. Hunting is allowed only through licences, quotas and seasons in these
areas.
-Photographic Tourism: An activity in which tourists take animal photographs and videos after
paying a fee.
-Ecotourism: It is any form of tourism where the primary attraction is part of the ecosystem eg.
Game reserve, lake, mountain, river. etc. Tourists are aware of the importance of the attraction in
the environment.

IMPORTANCE OF WILDLIFE TO BOTSWANA’S ECONOMY


 Tourist attraction
 Income generation/ employment
 Source of food
 Source of foreign exchange
 Medicinal purposes
 Education/ Research
 Provides raw materials for manufacturing industries/ provides skins/ ivory
 Promotes development of infrastructure/ roads/ air ports etc
 Provide trophies (jewellery)

IMPACT OF WILD ANIMALS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

 Destruction of vegetation/ deforestation/ Overgrazing


 Soil erosion
 Invasion of croplands
 Destruction of small water sources
 Loss of soil structure
 Balance the ecosystem
 Animal excretion add manure to the soil
 Spread of diseases/ pests

LAND USE ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE CONFLICT OR COMPETITION WITH


WILDLIFE FOR THE USE OF LAND

 Livestock farming
 Arable farming
 Industries
 Settlement
 Mining

HOW CONFLICTS MAY ARISE BETWEEN LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND WILDLIFE


MANAGEMENT
 Wild animals destroy crops
 Wild animals kill domestic animals
 Wild animals kill/ injure people
 Wild animals spread diseases
 Wild animals deplete water sources
 Competition for land eg. settlements, pastures, arable farming
 Wild animals destroy property eg. fences
 People kill wild animals illegally/ poaching

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IMPACT OF CORDON FENCING ON WILD ANIMALS

 Restricts free movement of wild animals/ changes migratory routes


 Affects breeding of wild animals
 Overgrazing along the fence
 Animals are caught by the fence and die
 Affects the distribution of animal species
 Controls diseases e.g foot and mouth
 Encourages poaching

ROLES PLAYED BY STAKEHOLDERS IN THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF WILD


ANIMALS IN BOTSWANA

 Provision of licences for hunting (only government)


 National parks and game reserves/ wildlife management areas
 Protection of endangered animal species
 Education/Research
 Hunting quotas
 Hunting seasons
 Wildlife utilization schemes e.g game farming and ostrich farming
 Promotion of Community Based Natural Resources Management Programmes
(CBNRMP)
 Laws and policies against poaching and illegal hunting/wildlife conservation and national
parks act/ anti-poaching units e.g BDF patrols
 Advertising Botswana’s wildlife locally and abroad
 Financing projects related with sustainable use of wild animals
 Support government policies eg NGO’s

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