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1.a.basic Linux Command

Basic Linux commands

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vinaymarbe40
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19 views

1.a.basic Linux Command

Basic Linux commands

Uploaded by

vinaymarbe40
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

a)

Aim :-
Study of Basic Linux Commands: echo, ls, read, cat, touch, test, loops, arithmetic
comparison, conditional loops, grep, sed.

Objective:
The objective of a practical studying basic Linux commands and related concepts such as
loops, arithmetic comparisons, and conditional statements includes:
Understanding Command-Line Operations: Gain proficiency in executing fundamental Linux
commands like echo, ls, read, cat, touch, test, grep, and sed to manipulate files, display
content, and search text.
Exploring Shell Scripting: Learn to create scripts incorporating loops and conditional
statements (if, while, for) to automate tasks and perform operations based on conditions.
Mastering Text Processing: Develop skills in using grep and sed for efficient text search and
manipulation within files or output streams.

Theory:-

echo
echo "Hello, world!"

Displays text or variables on the terminal.

ls
ls -l # Long listing format

ls -a # Include hidden files

Lists directory contents.

read
echo "Enter your name: "
read name

echo "Hello, $name!"

Reads input from the user.

cat
cat file.txt

Concatenates and displays the content of files.

touch
touch newfile.txt

Creates an empty file or updates the access and modification times of a file.

test
if test -f /path/to/file; then

echo "File exists."

Fi

To check if a file exists, you can use:

Loop
Iterates over a list of items or based on a condition.
# For loop

for i in {1..5}; do

echo "Number: $i"

done

# While loop

counter=0

while [ $counter -lt 5 ]; do

echo "Count: $counter"

((counter++))

done
Arithmetic Operator
result=$((5 + 3))

echo $result # This will output 8

Conditinal Loop

counter=1

# This loop will run as long as the counter is less than or equal to 5

while [ $counter -le 5 ]

do

echo "Iteration: $counter"

((counter++)) # Increment the counter

done

echo "Loop finished!"

grep
grep "pattern" file.txt

Searches for patterns in text.

Conclusion :- Hence we learned….

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