Scribd
Upload
17 views6 pages

Week 5 Tutorial Notes Answers

Week 5 Answers

Uploaded by

krisha.khatri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views6 pages

Week 5 Tutorial Notes Answers

Week 5 Answers

Uploaded by

krisha.khatri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

LQB180 Week 5 Tutorial Notes

Content

Q1. Definitions: in your owns words, write a definition of what aliphatic and aromatic compounds
are.

a) Aliphatic:
Carbon atoms arranged in non-cyclic chains, can be branched, or non-aromatic ring structures.

b) Aromatic:
Carbon atoms arranged in one or more planar rings

Q2. With respect to its structure, what does an unsaturated hydrocarbon have that a saturated
hydrocarbon always lacks?

Carbon-carbon multiple bonds (usually double covalent bonds within the hydrocarbon)

LQB180 1 TUTORIAL NOTES


Q3. Complete the table below: describe the structural feature of the family, draw a basic structure
of this structural feature, and then draw a line to connect this family group to one of the three
images below.

The first row for aromatic groups has been done for you as an example.

Hydro- Functional
Functional
carbon group
group structure Connect the image to the correct family name
family structural
image
name description

Benzene
ring with
alternating
Aromatic
double and
single
bonds

Single
carbon to
Alkane
carbon
bond

Double
carbon-
Alkene
carbon
bond

Triple
carbon-
Alkyne
carbon
bond

Remember your bonds: ane only 1 ‘e’ and only (1) single bond/s OR ethan(e) hawke is #1!;
ene two e’s and (2) double bonds; yne You exclaim: “(y)Why, there is another bond in there! That
makes 3!”

LQB180 2 TUTORIAL NOTES


Q4. Let’s get wet! (saturated)

Determine if the following molecules are saturated or unsaturated:

a)

b)

c)

a) Saturated (arachidonic acid)


b) Unsaturated (palmitic acid)
c) contains two saturated and one unsaturated fatty acids (triglyceride)

LQB180 3 TUTORIAL NOTES


Q5. Alcohols, ethers, aldehydes and ketones

Alcohols are any molecules that contain the -OH (hydroxyl)


group bound to a saturated carbon (below).

The more common association for the word ‘alcohol’ is


beer, wine, or spirits – the alcohol component is actually
ethanol (a type of alcohol) or more precisely ethyl-alcohol
(C2H5OH) as it is an ethyl group with an -OH group attached.

Ethanol

a) Circle the hydroxyl groups in the molecules shown below:

Hydroxyl (a.k.a. hydroxy) groups can be unbound and exist in a solution as an anion (OH-) known
as hydroxide, which is important in pH, or as a hydroxyl radical (.OH), which is important in redox
reactions and inflammation.

b) Are alcohols polar or non-polar molecules?


Polar – due to electronegative oxygen

LQB180 4 TUTORIAL NOTES


Ethers (functional group) have the following
structure (R-O-R’) and organic compounds with
this arrangement are often referred to as ethers.

The classic use of ether (diethyl ether) is as an


anaesthetic (left). Mechanism of action still
largely unknown even though widely used in
medicine into the 1900’s!

Diethyl ether

c) Can the following molecular structure be classified as an ether? Explain why or


why not?

Yes, this is an ether. Ethers have an R-O-R’ formula, the -OR functional group can be referred to as
an alkoxy group (oxygen + alkyl group). We can see this in the molecule above as:

(CH3-CH2-)R-O-R’(-CH3)

LQB180 5 TUTORIAL NOTES


Aldehydes & Ketones

Sugar, sugar! Honey, honey!

Aldehydes and ketones are


important functional groups in
glucose and fructose
monosaccharides, respectively.

Aldehydes have the formula:

R-CHO

Ketones have the formula:

R-CO-R’

d) Correctly identify the aldehyde and ketone functional groups below:

e) Vanillin, that sweet taste! What functional groups can you see below?

aromatic benzene ring

(an alkoxy group)

LQB180 6 TUTORIAL NOTES

You might also like