Difference Between Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Difference between Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Machine Learning and Deep Learning are the two main concepts of Data Science and
the subsets of Artificial Intelligence. Most of the people think the machine learning,
deep learning, and as well as artificial intelligence as the same buzzwords. But in
actuality, all these terms are different but related to each other.
In this topic, we will learn how machine learning is different from deep learning. But
before learning the differences, lets first have a brief introduction of machine
learning and deep learning.
What is Machine Learning?

Machine learning is a part of artificial intelligence and growing technology that enables
machines to learn from past data and perform a given task automatically.Machine
Leaning allows the computers to learn from the experiences by its own, use statistical
methods to improve the performance and predict the output without being explicitly
programmed. The popular applications of ML are Email spam filtering, product
recommendations, Some useful ML algorithms are:
o Decision Tree algorithm

o Naïve Bayes
o Random Forest
o K-means clustering
o KNN algorithm
o Apriori Algorithm, etc.
How does Machine Learning work?

The working of machine learning models can be understood by the example of
identifying the image of a cat or dog. To identify this, the ML model takes images of
both cat and dog as input, extracts the different features of images such as shape,
height, nose, eyes, etc., applies the classification algorithm, and predict the output.
Consider the below image:
What is Deep Learning?

Deep Learning is the subset of machine learning or can be said as a special kind of
machine learning. It works technically in the same way as machine learning does, but
with different capabilities and approaches. It is inspired by the functionality of human
brain cells, which are called neurons, and leads to the concept of artificial neural
networks. It is also called a deep neural network or deep neural learning.
In deep learning, models use different layers to learn and discover insights from the
data.
Some popular applications of deep learning are self-driving cars, language translation,
natural language processing, etc.
Some popular deep learning models are:

o Convolutional Neural Network
o Recurrent Neural Network
o Autoencoders
o Classic Neural Networks, etc.
How Deep Learning Works?

We can understand the working of deep learning with the same example of identifying
cat vs. dog. The deep learning model takes the images as the input and feed it directly
to the algorithms without requiring any manual feature extraction step. The images
pass to the different layers of the artificial neural network and predict the final output.
Consider the below image:
Parameter Machine Learning Deep Learning
Data Although machine learning Deep Learning algorithms highly depend on a

Dependency depends on the huge amount of large amount of data, so we need to feed a
data, it can work with a smaller large amount of data for good performance.
amount of data.
Execution time Machine learning algorithm takes Deep Learning takes a long execution time to
less time to train the model than train the model, but less time to test the
deep learning, but it takes a long- model.
time duration to test the model.
Hardware Since machine learning models do The deep learning model needs a huge
Dependencies not need much amount of data, so amount of data to work efficiently, so they
they can work on low-end need GPU's and hence the high-end machine.
machines.
Feature Machine learning models need a Deep learning is the enhanced version of
Engineering step of feature extraction by the machine learning, so it does not need to
expert, and then it proceeds further. develop the feature extractor for each
problem; instead, it tries to learn high-level
features from the data on its own.
Problem- To solve a given problem, the The problem-solving approach of a deep

solving traditional ML model breaks the learning model is different from the traditional
approach problem in sub-parts, and after ML model, as it takes input for a given
solving each part, produces the problem, and produce the end result. Hence it
final result. follows the end-to-end approach.
Interpretation The interpretation of the result for a The interpretation of the result for a given
of result given problem is easy. As when we problem is very difficult. As when we work with
work with machine learning, we can the deep learning model, we may get a better
interpret the result easily, it means result for a given problem than the machine
why this result occur, what was the learning model, but we cannot find why this
process. particular outcome occurred, and the
reasoning.
Type of data Machine learning models mostly Deep Learning models can work with
require data in a structured form. structured and unstructured data both as they
rely on the layers of the Artificial neural
network.
Suitable for Machine learning models are Deep learning models are suitable for solving
suitable for solving simple or bit- complex problems.
complex problems.
Key comparisons between Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Let's understand the key differences between these two terms based on different
parameters:
Which one to select among ML and Deep Learning?
As we have seen the brief introduction of ML and DL with some comparisons, now why
and which one needs to be chosen to solve a particular problem. So, it can be
understood by the given flowchart:
Hence, if you have lots of data and high hardware capabilities, go with deep learning.
But if you don't have any of them, choose the ML model to solve your problem.
Conclusion: In conclusion, we can say that deep learning is machine learning with
more capabilities and a different working approach. And selecting any of them to solve
a particular problem is depend on the amount of data and complexity of the problem.

Difference Between Machine Learning and Deep Learning

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Difference between Machine Learning and Deep Learning

What is Machine Learning?

o Decision Tree algorithm

How does Machine Learning work?

What is Deep Learning?

Some popular deep learning models are:

How Deep Learning Works?

Consider the below image:

Parameter Machine Learning Deep Learning

Data Although machine learning Deep Learning algorithms highly depend on a

Problem- To solve a given problem, the The problem-solving approach of a deep

Key comparisons between Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Which one to select among ML and Deep Learning?

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