New Zealand Company Tax Return Guide 2024
New Zealand Company Tax Return Guide 2024
New Zealand Company Tax Return Guide 2024
April 2024
Company tax
return guide
2024
Read this guide to help you complete
your 2024 income tax and annual
imputation returns.
Complete and send us your IR4 return
by 7 July 2024, unless you have an extension
of time to file.
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2 COMPANY TAX RETURN GUIDE
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Contents
Page
Important changes 2
ird.govt.nz 2
How to get our forms and guides 2
Company returns 5
Income tax return 5
Imputation return 8
Questions
Q 1-8 Company details 8
Q9 Non-resident 9
Q10 and 10A Imputation 9
Q 11 Has the company ceased? 10
Company returns
Income tax return
All companies that are active and New Zealand resident for tax
purposes (except for look-through companies) must complete
an IR4 income tax return each year, including bodies corporate
and unit trusts.
Look-through companies (LTC) complete an IR7 income tax
return each year they're an LTC. For more information about
LTCs refer to our Look-through companies - IR879 guide.
If yours is an Australian company or part of an imputation
group, see page 7.
Non-active companies
A non-active company is a company that has:
– not received any gross income
– no deductions
– not disposed of any assets, and
– not been party to any transactions during the tax year that:
(i) gave rise to income for any person
(ii) gave rise to fringe benefits to any employee or any
former employee, or
(iii) gave rise to a debit in the company's ICA (imputation
credit account).
These companies may be excused from completing tax returns if
they complete a Non-active company declaration - IR433 form.
Tax sparing
Any company that has claimed a foreign tax credit for a tax
sparing arrangement under a double tax agreement, must also
complete a Tax sparing disclosure return - IR486 and send it to:
International Revenue Strategy
Inland Revenue Department
PO Box 2198
Wellington 6140
Superannuation schemes
A superannuation scheme, not registered with the Financial
Markets Authority (FMA), which lets beneficiaries contribute,
will be treated as a company for tax purposes and must
complete IR4 returns.
Imputation return
Most New Zealand resident companies, unit trusts, producer
boards and cooperatives must complete an imputation
return each year. If you're an Australian company or part of an
imputation group, please read page 7. The following bodies do
not have to complete imputation returns:
– non-resident companies
– look-through companies
– trustee companies (but not group investment funds with
Category A income)
– any company with a constitution that prevents it
distributing all its income or property to any proprietor,
member or shareholder
– companies whose income is completely exempt from tax
– local authorities
– Crown research institutes
– non-active companies
– Māori authorities.
Note
If you need to complete the company's imputation return
before the income tax return is due, to allow a refund to be
released, complete an Annual imputation return - IR4J.
Question 9 Non-resident
A company is a tax resident of New Zealand if:
– it's incorporated in New Zealand
– its head office or centre of management is in New Zealand,
or
– its directors control the company in New Zealand.
Otherwise, it's a non-resident for tax purposes.
Note
If you have completed, or will complete, a separate Annual
imputation return - IR4J, tick "No" at Question 10.
Note
A company is still a legal entity until it is taken off the
Companies Register. A company can stop trading (become
non-active) but still have tax obligations such as completing
returns. Non-active companies can be excused from
completing returns - see page 5.
ird.govt.nz 11
Example
LLC received schedular payments of $10,000 with total tax
deducted of $2,000 during the year.
The $10,000 is attributable to the company's shareholder-
employee through the attribution rule.
LLC can transfer up to $2,000 of the tax deducted from
the schedular payments it received to the company's
shareholder-employee(s).
LLC transfers the full $2,000 of tax to the company's sole
shareholder-employee.
As the full amount of tax has been transferred from LLC the
amount in Box 12A should be $0.
Worksheet
Copy your gross interest
from your RWT withholding 1
certificate to Box 1.
Print any negative interest you
have paid in Box 2.
2
Subtract Box 2 from Box 1
and print the answer in Box 3.
Copy this amount to Box 13B
3
of your tax return.
Note
If expenses are deductible against the interest income, claim
them at Box 20B.
Note
The FDP rules have been fully repealed from 1 April 2017.
Do not include any FDP credits in Box 14A.
For each dividend, claim a dividend tax credit for the lower
amount shown in Box 2 or Box 3.
Write the total dividend imputation credits you are allowed to
claim in Box 14.
In Box 14A write the sum of your total dividend RWT credits
you are allowed to claim.
Note
If expenses are deductible against the dividend income,
claim them at Box 20B.
Unit trusts
Distributions from unit trusts will generally be taxable. The
statement you receive from the unit trust should show the
amounts to include in the return.
For unit trusts that are also portfolio investment entities (PIEs)
see page 19.
ird.govt.nz 15
Qualifying companies
Generally, if a qualifying company is a shareholder in a company
that is not a qualifying company, all dividends the qualifying
company derives from the other company are taxable.
Dividends derived by a company (that has been a qualifying
company at any time before deriving the dividends) are taxable.
If a qualifying company is a shareholder in another qualifying
company, only dividends with imputation credits attached
and a return of a 10-year bonus issue before the 10-year period
expires, are taxable. Dividends with no imputation credits
attached, or a return of a 10-year bonus issue 10 years from the
payment date, are exempt income.
A distribution of a 10-year bonus issue before the 10-year
period has expired, made when the company winds up, is not
taxable.
16 COMPANY TAX RETURN GUIDE
Example
A Māori authority makes a pre-tax profit of $10,000. It pays
tax on this profit of $1,750 (Māori authority tax rate of
17.5%) and distributes the entire profit to its 10 members.
Each member will receive $825 as a cash distribution and
$175 of Māori authority credits.
Each member of the authority liable to file an IR4 return
would show the following information at Question 15:
– Box 15B - $1,000 (made up of $825 + $175)
– Box 15A - $175
ird.govt.nz 17
ird.govt.nz/tools-calculators
• contacting the overseas section of a trading bank and
asking for the exchange rate for the day you received your
overseas income.
If the income was received from a financial arrangement, refer
to Determination G9A or G9C under section 90 of the Tax
Administration Act 1994.
Write the total of the allowable overseas tax paid in Box 18A.
Include in Box 18B income before the deduction of any tax.
Credit for tax paid overseas will be limited to the amount of
New Zealand tax payable on that income. Please note that
Australian franking credits or tax credits on dividends from the
United Kingdom cannot be claimed.
Staple proof of tax paid overseas to the top of page 3 of the
return.
Foreign tax credits attached to dividends that are not required
to be returned under the FIF rules can be claimed up to the
amount of New Zealand tax payable on the FIF interest.
Some foreign dividends have New Zealand imputation credits
attached or New Zealand RWT deducted. These credits are not
subject to the foreign tax credit limitation rule.
Any rental net loss and net loss from a taxable disposal is
partially excluded from the rules if it is for:
• property that will always be taxed on sale, being revenue
account property of a person in the business of building,
developing or dealing in land, or
• other revenue account property the person has notified us
they want the exclusion to apply to.
For these types of property any rental net loss is shown at Box
21 and taxable disposal net loss shown at Box 22.
The residential property deduction rules also apply to any
company who has borrowed money to acquire an interest in
certain entities with significant rental property holdings - a
residential land-rich entity - and has interest expenditure on
the borrowed money.
Residential land-rich entity - a close company, partnership
or look-through company that holds more than 50% of its
assets by value in residential land, directly or indirectly. These
entities come under the interposed entities rules as part of the
residential property deduction rules.
For more information about the interposed entity rules, see page
60 of the Tax Information Bulletin Vol 31 No.8 September 2019.
Read our Rental income - IR264 guide for more information on:
• when the rules apply
• how to calculate your income
• the amount of deductions you can claim this year, and
• the amount of any excess deductions that must be carried
forward.
• if you have made a net loss when the property is sold, the
loss must be carried forward to a later income year when
it can be used to offset net income from the land sale
provisions, including from future disposals subject to the
bright-line rule. A bright-line loss is not recorded in the
tax return. Please keep your own record of any bright-line
losses you have made.
Complete a Bright-line residential property sale information
- IR833 form for each bright-line property sold or disposed
of and include it with your return. The form explains how to
calculate the resulting profit or loss.
Complete the form even if the details have been included in
a Financial statements summary - IR10 or set of accounts,
unless the income will be included in your return as part of
your business income as a property speculator, property dealer,
developer or builder.
Note
If you are a partner in a partnership or owner of a look-
through company and have been attributed residential
income at Box 27G on the IR7P or IR7L, include your share
of that in proportion to your share in the partnership or
effective look-through interest in the LTC in the following
relevant boxes:
• Gross residential rental income Box 19A
• Net bright-line profit (excluding losses) Box 19B
• Other residential income Box 19C.
The amount in Box 19D will then include the total of your
attributed residential income at Box 27G on the IR7P or
IR7L.
Note
Do not include the amount of interest expense denied
under the interest limitation rules in Box 19E.
Notes
Note 1
If you sell or dispose of an individual property and the sale
is not taxable, or you sell or dispose of the last property in
a portfolio and at least 1 of the sales in the portfolio was
not taxable, any excess deductions will transfer to another
property or portfolio and carried forward to a future year
in which you earn income from a residential rental property
(including properties on revenue account).
Note 2
If you sell or dispose of an individual property and the
sale is taxable, or you sell or dispose of the last rental
property in a portfolio and the sale of all your rental
properties in a portfolio were taxable, any remaining loss/
excess deductions are released and can be offset against
other income. However, this does not include any excess
deductions transferred to the portfolio/property.
Note 3
If you want to claim that a property is held on revenue
account where the sale may be taxable, you need to notify
us of the details of the property. You will be stating the sale
will be a taxable sale when the property is disposed of. You
must be able to separately identify the deductions relating
to the property.
Note
If you are a partner in a partnership or owner of a look-
through company that has incurred interest on residential
property at Question 19 in the IR7, include your share of
that here in proportion to your share in the partnership or
effective look-through interest in the LTC.
Write the net profit or loss in Box 21B. This is the amount of
income or loss after the deduction of all allowable business
expenditure, including shareholders' salaries paid or credited.
Note
If expenses are deductible against income declared in
Questions 12 to 14, claim them here.
Attach either:
– a fully completed Financial statements summary - IR10
form, or
– the company's financial accounts.
32 COMPANY TAX RETURN GUIDE
Write the total profit or loss from the sale or disposal of other
property in Box 22B.
Net profit from a bright-line sale is generally included in Box
19B. Only include in Box 22B the net profit from a bright-line
sale excluded at Question 19, for example the bright-line sale
of a mixed-use asset. Do not include any net loss from a bright-
line sale.
For more information on the land sale rules, go to ird.govt.
nz/buying-selling or our guide Tax and your property
transactions - IR361. You can find our forms and guides at
ird.govt.nz/forms-guides
Financial arrangements
A company must account for income from financial
arrangements on an accrual basis. Financial arrangements
include government stock, futures contracts and deferred
property settlements, excluding short-term agreements for
sale and purchase of property. Changes to the rules for the
treatment of financial arrangements have split the rules into 2
sets. Generally, the first set applies to financial arrangements
entered into before 20 May 1999 and the second applies to
financial arrangements entered into on or after that date.
Both sets of rules require the income or expenditure to be
spread over the term of the financial arrangement.
This applies in every case - the company does not have to be in
the business of buying or selling financial arrangements, or be
intending to sell, as it would with shares. The company may, in
certain cases, deduct any losses.
Sale or maturity of financial arrangements
When a financial arrangement matures or is sold, remitted
or transferred, a "wash-up" calculation, known as a base price
adjustment, must be made. The calculation ensures that
the total gains or losses from the financial arrangement are
accounted for.
If you need any information on when losses can be deducted
or how to calculate a base price adjustment, please contact us.
Income from an undertaking or scheme
Profits from any undertaking or scheme entered into for
the purpose of making a profit are taxable. Describe the
undertaking or scheme and list the details of income and
expenses from them. Staple this information to the top of
page 3 of the return and include the total profit in Box 24B.
Question 26 Donations
A company (including an unlisted company with 5 or fewer
shareholders) can claim a deduction for donations it makes to
any society, institution, association, organisation, trust or fund
that has donee organisation status. You can view the list of
these organisation at ird.govt.nz/donee
36 COMPANY TAX RETURN GUIDE
Note
State-funded tertiary education institutions, state schools
and state-integrated schools do not have to be approved to
have donee organisation status.
Note
You should be able to find the loss balance from the
previous year on the loss notice sent to you with the
company's 2023 income tax assessment. If you do not have
a loss notice, enter the details from your own records.
Part-year grouping
The general part-year grouping rule is that only the part of the
net loss incurred in the same period as the profit is derived
may be offset, if, during the period:
– the loss company maintains continuity of shareholding, and
– commonality of shareholding between loss and profit
companies has been maintained.
Net loss and profit amounts allowed to be offset are based
on periods where continuity and commonality requirements
are met for all companies taking part in a part-year grouping
arrangement.
If the company received net losses from another company or
made a subvention payment to another company, put a minus
sign in the relevant last box. Attach a schedule setting out the
names and IRD numbers of the companies and the amount of
the payment or loss.
If the company is transferring excess residential rental
deductions to a wholly owned group member, the transfer is
recorded as a reduction of the current year residential rental
deductions in Box 19E. Similarly, if the company is receiving
excess residential rental deductions from a wholly owned group
member, the transfer is recorded as an increase of the current
year residential rental deductions in Box 19E. Do not record
these amounts in Question 30. Refer to Question 19 for details.
Qualifying companies
Net losses are restricted for grouping and subvention payment
purposes. A qualifying company loss can be offset against any
group company profit (including non-qualifying company
profits).
ird.govt.nz 39
Note
If the transfer is to arrears being paid off by an instalment
arrangement, you'll need to include a note with your
return authorising the transfer and giving the following
information:
– that the transfer is to arrears currently under an
instalment arrangement
– the name and IRD number of the taxpayer the transfer
should be made to
– whether the taxpayer is an "associated taxpayer"
– the tax type and period, and
– the date you want the transfer to take place.
Transfer date
You can ask for your credit to be transferred at any date as
long as it is not before the relevant dates set out as follows.
ird.govt.nz 41
Note
If you think your income for 2025 will be more than your
2024 income, you can make voluntary payments over and
above the amount you have to pay under the standard
option.
Note
An estimate must be fair and reasonable at each instalment
it applies to. If you use the estimation option, see "Not
taking reasonable care penalty" and "Interest" on page 44.
Interest
If the company has paid too much provisional tax, we may
pay interest. If it has not paid enough provisional tax, we may
charge interest.
Interest the company pays is tax deductible, while interest we
pay is taxable income.
Tax pooling
Tax pooling allows taxpayers to pool provisional tax
payments, offsetting underpayments by overpayments
within the same pool. This reduces their possible exposure
to late payment penalties and interest. For more information
about tax pooling, including a list of intermediaries, go to
ird.govt.nz/tax-pooling
ird.govt.nz 45
Payment dates
2025 provisional tax
Generally, a company with a 31 March balance date pays
provisional tax by the following due dates:
First instalment 28 August 2024
Second instalment 15 January 2025
Third instalment 7 May 2025
A company with a balance date other than 31 March generally
pays provisional tax on the 28th day of the 5th, 9th and 13th
months after the balance date.
There are 2 exceptions:
• If it would be due on 28 December it is due on 15 January,
and
• If it would be due on 28 April it is due on 7 May.
These dates will alter if the company is registered for GST and:
• the GST filing frequency is six-monthly, or
• provisional tax is paid through the ratio option.
If either of these situations apply to you, read our guide
Provisional tax - IR289.
Late payment
If you do not pay a bill on time, you may have to pay penalties
and interest.
Contact us if you are not able to pay on time. We'll look at
your payment options, which may include an instalment
arrangement.
Find out more at ird.govt.nz/penalties
Example
A company has two shareholders, Barbara and Maria. The
company has two classes of shares:
• Class A shares carry a right to vote on (2) the
constitution and (3) variations in capital
• Class B shares carry unrestricted voting rights, (1), (2),
(3) and (4) on the previous page.
Barbara holds all 100 of the A shares in the company while
Maria holds all 100 of the B shares.
Their percentage of voting interest in the company is
measured as follows:
Variation
Distributions Constitution in Directors Lowest
capital
Example
On 1 September 2023 Barbara and Maria swapped shares
and held these proportions to 31 March 2024, the
company's balance date.
1 April 2023 1 Sep 2023 31 Mar 2024 Lowest
Barbara 25% 75% 75% 25%
Maria 75% 25% 25% 25%
The lowest percentage of rights held by each shareholder
during the income year is 25%. So, the total lowest
economic interest of shareholders, or the minimum
continuity, is 50%.
Enter this total at Box 41 in the Return as 50.00.
end of the income year. Record details of any AIM tax credits
transferred to each shareholder at Box 42C.
Question 44 Credits
Question 44A Income tax paid
Include in Box 44A all payments of income tax and provisional
tax made from 1 April 2023 to 31 March 2024 for 1989 and
subsequent income years.
Do not include any FBT, ESCT, interest on tax, late payment
penalties, imputation penalty tax or RWT.
Note
This is the total imputation credits attached to dividends
received. This amount is not limited to the tax payable on
your dividends and is not necessarily the same amount as
the imputation credits being claimed in Box 14.
ird.govt.nz 53
Question 45 Debits
Question 45A Income tax refunded
Print in Box 45A the company's total income tax refunds
received from 1 April 2023 to 31 March 2024 for 1989 and
subsequent income years. Do not include any interest on tax
received or income tax refunded for any year before 1989.
Qualifying companies
The 66% continuity of shareholding requirement does not
apply to qualifying companies. There is no need to make an
adjustment where there has been a change of shareholding,
except in the year the company ceases to be a qualifying
company.
Note
There are 2 types of relief from payment of debit ICA
balances. These are:
– the offsetting income tax payments
– same debit ICA balances reflected in successive years.
For more information see our Tax Information Bulletin
(TIB) Vol 16, No 1 (February 2004).
Self-assessment by taxpayers
Taxpayers have to assess their own liability as part of their
return filing obligations. We may amend your assessment if a
correction is required.
If you dispute our assessment please go to ird.govt.nz/
disputes for more information. The 4-month period for you
to issue a notice of proposed adjustment (NOPA) to your self-
assessment will start on the date Inland Revenue receives your
return.
Postal addresses
Returns General correspondence
Inland Revenue Inland Revenue
PO Box 39090 PO Box 39010
Wellington Mail Centre Wellington Mail Centre
Lower Hutt 5045 Lower Hutt 5045
Privacy
Meeting your tax obligations means giving us accurate
information so we can assess your tax and entitlements under
the Acts we administer. We may charge penalties if you do not.
We may also exchange information about you with:
• some government agencies
• another country, if we have an information supply
agreement with them, and
• Statistics New Zealand (for statistical purposes only).
You can ask for the personal information we hold about you.
We'll give the information to you and correct any errors, unless
we have a lawful reason not to. Find our full privacy policy at
ird.govt.nz/privacy