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Local Data Referencing Environment

Principles of programming language notes

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Pooja Agnihotri
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29 views4 pages

Local Data Referencing Environment

Principles of programming language notes

Uploaded by

Pooja Agnihotri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LOCAL REFERENCING ENVIRONMENTS

Local Variables

 Vars
that are defined inside subprograms are called local vars.
 Local vars can be either static or stack dynamic.
 By default an variable in stack dynamic.
Advantages of using stack dynamic variable:
a. Support for recursion.

b. Storage for locals is shared among some subprograms.

Disadvantages of using stack dynamic variable:

a. Allocation/deallocation time required.

b. Indirect addressing “only determined during execution.”

c. Subprograms cannot be history sensitive “can’t retain data values of local vars

between calls.”

Advantages of using static variable:

a. Static local vars can be accessed faster because there is no indirection.

b. No run-time overhead for allocation and deallocation.

c. Allow subprograms to be history sensitive.

Disadvantages of using static variable:

a. Inability to support recursion.

b. Their storage can’t be shared with the local vars of other inactive subprograms.

Example for stack dynamic variable:

int addition(int a, int b) {

int sum = 0;

sum = a+b;

return sum;

Example for static variable:

//static variable uses static keyword


int addition(int a, int b) {

static int sum = 0;

sum = a+b;

return sum;

Nested Subprograms
 Residing of a subprogram under another subprogram is known as
nested subprogram.
 When a subprogram is placed within another subprogram,it gets hide
from the rest of the program.
 Algol 68, Pascal, Ada, JavaScript, Python, Ruby allows nesting of
subprogram.
 C, do not allow subprogram nesting.
Video lecture on Local Referencing Environments
References:
1. Sebesta,”Concept of programming Language”, Pearson Edu
2. Louden, “Programming Languages: Principles & Practices” ,
Cengage Learning
3. Tucker, “Programming Languages: Principles and paradigms “, Tata
McGraw –Hill.
4. E Horowitz, “Programming Languages”, 2nd Edition, Addison
Wesley
PPL
 Language Evaluation Criteria
 Influences on Language Design
 Programming Paradigm
 Compilation
 Virtual Machine | PPL
 Programming Environments | PPL
 Issues in Language Translation
 Parse Tree | PPL
 Pointer & Reference Type | PPL
 Concept of Binding
 Type Checking
 PPL: Strong Typing
 Sequence Control & Expression | PPL
 Subprograms
 Scope and lifetime of variable
 Static and Dynamic scope
 Design issues of subprogram
 PPL: Local referencing environments
 Parameter passing methods
 Overloaded subprograms
 Generic Subprograms
 Design issues for functions
 PPL: Coroutines
 Abstract Data types
 Abstraction and encapsulation
 Static and Stack-Based Storage management
 Garbage Collection
 OOP in C++ | PPL
 PPL: OOP in PHP
 OOP in C# | PPL
 OOP in Java | PPL
 Concurrency
 PPL: Semaphores
 Monitors
 Message passing
 PPL: Java Threads
 PPL: C# Threads
 PPL: Exception Handling
 Exception handler in Java
 Exception Propagation
 PPL: Exception Handler in C++
 PPL: Exceptions
 Introduction and overview of Logic programming
 Application of Logic programming
 Functional programming languages
 PPL: Introduction to 4GL
 Basic elements of Prolog
 Video Lectures
PPL Practicals
 Memory Implementation of 2D Array.
 Memory Implementation of 3D Array.
 Implementation of pointers in C++
 program in Java to implement exception handling
 Call by value in C++
 Call by reference in C++
 program in Java to implement concurrent execution of a job using
threads.
 Implement Inheritance in C#
 Implement Encapsulation in C#
 Static polymorphism in C#
 Dynamic runtime polymorphism in C#
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