SYLLABUS Mechatronics (18ME744) spplications sensors, Strain gauges, eraperatue sensors, proximity switches and Hal lectro Mechanial Drives: Relays and Solenoids ~ Stepper Motors - DC brushed motors = DC Tushless motors - DC servo motors ~ 4-quadrant servo drives, PWM’s ~ Pulse Width Modulation, (Chapter -2) Module -3 “Microprocessor & Microcontrollers: Introduction, Microprocessor systems, Basic elements of contol systems, Microcontrollers, Difference berween Microprocessor and Microcontrollers ‘and terminology-CPU, memory and Module -4: Programmable Logi Introduet = ble Logic Controller : tion to PLCs, Basie structure of PLC, Principle of ion, input and output processing, PLC programming language, ladder diggram, ladder process ~ Traditional and Mechatronics design ~ Pick and place Robot ~ Automatic ear parkTABLE OF CONTENTS rs Chapter 1 Introduction to Sensors and Transducers (1 - 1) to (1 - 88) 1.1 Introductior 41.1.1 Definition of Mechatronics 1.1.2 Scope and Importance of Mechatronics. 1.41.3 Need of Mechatronics. 144 Evolution of Mechatronics 115. Mult-iscipinary Scenario 1.2 Mechatronics System 1.2.4. Advantages of Mech 125 Disadvantages of Mechatronics System. 1.26 Applications of Mechatronics System. 1.3 Measurement System 134 System.. 13.2. Generalized Measurement System 1.4 Introduction to Mechatronics System Design les System 4144. Stagesin Designing Mechat 4s 1.6 Types of Control System 1.6.1 Open Loop Control 116.1. Eiample of Open Loop Control Systems 16.1.2 RealTime Example of Open Loop Control Systems. a 1.7 Closed Loop Control System 1.8 Difference between Open Loop and Closed Loop Contr 1.9 Feedback Principle .. 1.10 Basic Elements of Feedback Control Systems. 1.11 Automatic Car Park System 1.12. Engine Management System. 41.13. Antilock Braking System (AB: 1.14 Automatic Washing Machin 1.45 _ Introduction to Transducers. 1.16 Classification of Transducers 117.1. Practical Examples of Closed Loop Control Systern 17.2. Advantages of Closed Loop Control System, 1.7.3 Disadvantages of Closed Loop Control stem 19.1. Types of Feedback. 1.15.1 Definition of Transducer 1.15.2Basic Requirement of Transducer 1.16.1 Active Transducer 1.16.2Passve Transduce 1.16.3 Primary and Secondary Transducer. 11.164 Analog Transducer 41.165 Digital Transducer. 1.16.6Difference between Active Transducer and Passive Transduce 1.16.7 Factors to be Considered while Selecting Transducer. 1474.48. What isa Light Sensor? 1.18.2 Types of Light Sensor. 149 Pot 1.19.1 near Potent 1.19.2Rotary Potentiometers. 1.19.3 Advantages of Resistance Potentiometers meters. eter. 11.194 Disadvantages of Resistance Potentiometers 1.195 Applications of Potentiomete 1.20 Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVOT) 1.20.1 Construction of LVOT 1.20.3 Advantages of LVOT 11.20.4isadvantages of LVDT.. 1.20: Applications of LVOT 1.21. Capacitance Transducer. 1.21.4 Use of Capacitive Transducers. 1.22 Pressure Sensor. 1.22.1 Need of Pressure Sen 11.22.2Electronic Pressure Sensor. 1.22.3 Comparison of Pressure Sensor. 1.22.4 Application of Pressure Sensor 41.23 Introduction to Strain Gauges 1.23.10 ean 1.23.28train Guage 1.23.3 Types of Stain Guage 11.23.31 Unbonded Strain Guage 1123.3.2 Bonded Resistance Strain Gu way 1233.3 Weldable train Guage 1.23.3.4 Semiconductor Strain Guage 1.23.4 Advantages of Strain Gauge. 1.24.2 Thermocouples. 1.24.3 Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) 1.243.1 Advantages of FTO 1.24.3.2 Disadvantages of RTD. 41.243.3 Apliations of RTD. 1.25 1.26 Proximity Sensor. 1.26.1 Features of Pro ty Sensor. 1.26.2 Types of Proximity Sensors. 1.27 Inductive Proximity Sens 127.2 Advantages: 1.28 1.28.1 Advantages of Capacitive Proximity Sensor 1.28.2 Disadvantages of Capacitive Proximity Senso 41.29 Optical Proximity Sensors. 4.29.1 Advantages of Optical Proximity Sensor... ae2.4. Advantages of Successive Approximat (ADC cetacean 2242 2.4.2 Disadvantages of Successive Approximation ADC... 2-12 2.43 Applications of successive Approximation ADC. 25 Digital to Analog (D/A) Conversion 2.6 Digital to Analog Converter 2.6.41 R/2R Ladder Digital to Analog Converter. 2.7 Data Acquisition Systems (OAQS) 2.7. Need for DAQSystem : 2-15 sof Data Acquisition Systems : sone 28 2.73 Types of DAA System 2-15 2-18 2-2 1.32.1 Advantages of Hall Effect Sensors... 1.32.2 Disadvantages of Hall Effect Sensors. ns of Hal Effect Sensor 1.33 Force Sensor (Load Cé 1323 Appl aah 1.331 Basie Principle o 1.33.2 Construction. 1.33.3 Operat Gauge Load Cel 1.38.4 Uses of Strain Gauge Load Cell 27.4 Analog Data Acquistion Systems . 2-16 Review Questions... ————————————— 28 Chapter-2 Signal Conditioning (2-1) to (2-52) 28.1 Advantages of 2.82 Disadvantages of Data Logein 2.1. Introduction to Signal Condit 2-2 e acing. 2.83 Applications of Data Logging 2.1: Definition of Signal Conditioning. 2-2 2 sty of Signal Conditoni 22 2.8 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) 412. Necessity of signal Conditioning. + 3 2.9.2 Architecture of SCADA. 2.14 Functions of Signal Conditioning Equipment. ded Scat 2.45 D.C. Signal Condi 28 oe 2.9.4 Disadvantages of SCADA System. 24.6 AC. Signal Cond 24.7 pifference Between D.C. Signal Cor ‘and AC. Signal Conditioning System 22 Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC). 22.1 Digital Signal. 222 ADC Process. 230 2.20.3 Applications 2A. Solenoid... 2.11.1 Basie Working 2.23 Components used in VD Conversion. 2.3 Analog to Digital (A/D) Converte 2.4 Successive Approximation ADC. son 2=10 2-10 2.11.2 Types of Solenoids. 2.11.3 Solenoid Valve ry2.11.4 Application of Solenoids in Indust 22. Stepper Moter.. 2.12.1 Variable Reluctance (VA) Stepper Motor 2.42.2 Permanent Magnet Stepper Motors 2.12.3 Hybrid Stepper Motor. 2.12.4 Advantages of Stepper Motor: 2.12.5 Disadvantages of Stepper Motors 2.12.6Stepper Motor Specification. 2.12.7 Applications of Stepper Motor: 2.12.8Selection Criteria of Stepper Motor for An Application 213 DC Motors. 2.13.1 Brush Type DC Motor 2.13.2Brushless DC Motor. 2.4 Servo Motors. 2.18.1 Types of Serve Motors. 2.14.2Servo Motors Theory 2.18.3 Servo Motors Working Principle. 2.14.40C Servo Motors Advantages 2.16.5 DC Servo Motors Disadvantages .. 2.14.6 Applications of Serve Motors 245 Four Quadrant Operat 2.16 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). 2.16.1 What Is Pulse Width Modulation 2.x 2.16.2Generation of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Signal $n of DC Motor... 2.16.3 Types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Techniques. 2.36.4Important Parameters associated with PMW signal 2.26.5 Output Voltage of PIM sg 2.16.6 Advantages of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). 2.16.7 Disadvantages of Pulse Width Modulation (PW) 2.16.8 Applications of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)... Review Questions nu. @- 1) G-24) Chapter-3 Microprocessor and Microcontrollers 3.1 Introduction ... 3.2. Microprocessor Based System 3.3 Basic Elements of Control Systems.. 3.4 Microprocessors and Microcontrollers. 3.4.1 Microprocessor 3.42. Microcontrol 3.43. Distinguish between Microprocessor and Microcontroller. 3.5 Microprocessor Architecture 3.6 Terminology... 36:1 CPU, 3.6.2. Memory and Address. 363 /O and Peripheral Devices Uni (ALU) 365 Instruction and Program. 3.66 Assembler. 3.64 Arithmetic and Lo 367 Data... 3.68 Operand, Mnemonics and Opcode. 369 Registers. 3.6.9.1 Types of egh 36:10 Fetch Oyce. 3.6.11 Writes Cycle. 36125tate . 3.6.13 Bus... 3.6.4 instruction Decoder or Microcode Engine... 3.6.5 Interupts. 136.16 Stack and Stack Pointer (SP) 3.7. Instruction Types ... 38 Addressing Modes...Chapter-4 Programmable Logic Controller 3.9 _ INTEL'S 8085A Microprocessor 224 3.94 Salient Features of 8085 Microprocessor. ed 3-22 3.9.2 Internal Architecture Of 8085 nnn 3-22 Review Questions. ns 3-23 @- Ito 4-70) Ad Relay Log 4.2. Introduction to Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) 42.4 Need of PLC. 422 Definition of PLC... 423 Features of PLC .. 43. Basic Component of PLC 44 Basle Structure OR (internal Architecture) ofa PLC System 45 PLCOperating Cycle 46 Specification of PLC .. 4.7 Advantages of PLC over The Relay System 48 Disadvantages of PLC 49 Application of PLC. 4.0 PLCs Versus Computers 4.11 Input / Output Processing. 4.11.1 Steps involved in input / Output Processin 4.12 PLC Programming Language 4.13 Ladder Diagram: 4.13: Elements of Ladder Diagram. 4.13.2 Ladder Diagram Advantage vn 4-18 4.13.3 Ladder Diagram Disadvantages... 4.14 PLC Ladder Programming x. 4.14.1 Symbols used in Ladder Diagram, 4.15 Ladder Logic Programming for Different Types of Logic Gates, 436 4a7 48 439 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 Review Questions... : Perey Latching Timers. Counters . Mnemonics used in PLC. Internal Relay. Master and Jump Control 4.21.1 Master Control Relay (MCR) 4.21.2 Jump Programming instruction. Shift Registers... Data Handling and Manipulations... 423.1 Data Han 4.23.2 Data Manipulations ‘Analog VO. Selection Criteria of PL Appl 4.26.1 Extending and Retracting Pneumatic Piston using Latches... 4.26.2 Control of Two Pneumatic Piston tlon of PLES for Control... 4-51 1 4-52 4.26.3 Control ofa Process Motor 4-54 4.26.4 Control ofa Vibrating Machine. a 4-55, sn 4-58 4.26.6 Control of Conveyor MotOF mnnnnannnnn 4-60 4-68 4.26.5 Control ofa Process Tank.. Chapt 5a 52 75 Mechatronics in Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Machines Mechatronics in CNC. Machine Structure 5:22 Static toad 5.2.2 Dynamic Load (5-1) to (5-36) 5-2 5-2 5-3 5-3 5o4 5.23 Thermal Load. =