CHAPTER: -1 RELATION AND FUNCTION (8 Marks)

Introduction of Relation: Q.1 How many reflexive

relations are possible on a
Def:- A subset of Cartesian
set A whose 𝑛(𝐴) = 3?
Product
[CBSE 2023] [1 Mark]
Type of Relations:
(a) 26 (b) 27
(I) Universal Relation.
(c) 25 (d) 24
(II) Equivalence Relation.
Sol. 𝑛(𝐴) = 3(Given)
(III) Empty Relation.
No. of reflexive relations
E.g. ⟹ 𝑅 ⊆ 𝐴 × 𝐵 2 −𝑛
= 2𝑛
⟹ 𝑅 ⊆: {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 ∈ 2 −3
𝐴, 𝑏 ∈ 𝐵}  2(3) = 29−3 = 26

Applications: Relation and Ans. (a) 26

functions generally tells us about Q.2 Let R be the relation in the
the different operations set of Z of integers given by
performed on the sets. 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 2 divides a − b}.
Concept 1: Relation and it’s Show that the relation R is
types. transitive?

 formulae’s used: Total no of [CBSE 2020 - 21][2 Marks]

reflexive relations from A to Sol. Let 2 divides (𝑏 − 𝑐); where,
2 −𝑛
B is 2𝑛 𝑎, 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∈ 𝑍
 For Reflexive if (𝑎, 𝑎) ∈ 𝑅, So,
for every (𝑎 ∈ 𝐴).
2 divides [(𝑎 − 𝑏) +
For symmetric: if (𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅 (𝑎 − 𝑐)]
then (𝑏, 𝑎) ∈ 𝑅
2 divides (𝑎 − 𝑐):
For Transitive: if (𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅
 Relation R is transitive.
and (𝑏, 𝑐) ∈ 𝑅 then
Q.3 Check whether the relation
R in the set Z of integers
defined as {(𝑎, 𝑏); 𝑎 +
1|P a g e
 𝑏 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 2𝑛 } is Hence R is transitive.
reflexive symmetric or
Q.4 Given a non – empty set X,
transitive.
define the Relation R in the
[CBSE 2020 - 21][3 Marks] 𝑃(𝑋) as follows:
 For Reflexive. For 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ 𝑃(𝑋), (𝐴, 𝐵) ∈ 𝑅
iff A ⊂ 𝐵. Prove that R is
As we know, 𝑎 + 𝑎 = 2𝐴
reflexive, transitive and not
which is even
symmetric. [Boards SQP
 (𝑎, 𝑎) ∈ 𝑅 a ∈ Z 2023] [5 Marks]
Hence R is Reflexive. Sol. Let 𝐴 ∈ 𝑃(𝑋), 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝐴 ⊂ 𝐴.
 For Symmetric  (𝐴, 𝐴) ∈ 𝑅, Hence R is
If (𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑎 + 𝑏 = reflexive.
2𝜆 Let 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 ∈ 𝑃(𝑋) such that
 𝑏 + 𝑎 = 2𝜆 (𝐴, 𝐵), (𝐵, 𝐶) ∈ 𝑅
 (𝑏, 𝑎) ∈ 𝑅,  𝐴 ⊂ 𝐵, 𝐵 ⊂ 𝐶
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑅 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐  𝐴 ⊂𝐶
For transitive,  (𝐴, 𝐶) ∈ 𝑅 Hence, R is
If (𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑏, 𝑐) ∈ 𝑅 transitive.

Then 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 2𝜆 _ (i) ∅, 𝑋 ∈ 𝑃(𝑋) such that

𝑏 + 𝑐 = 2𝜇 _ (ii) ∅ ⊂ 𝑋, Hence (∅, 𝑋) ∈ R

by eq. (i) and (ii), we get But, 𝑋  ∅

 𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 = 2(𝜆 + 𝜇)  (𝑋, ∅) ∉ 𝑅

 𝑎 + 𝑐 = 2(𝜆 + 𝜇 − 5) Thus, R is not symmetric.

 𝑎 + 𝑐 = 2K Q.5 Let R be the relation in the

set N given by 𝑅 =
 𝜆+𝜇−𝑏 =K {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 = 𝑏 − 2, 𝑏 > 6}
 (𝑎, 𝑐) ∈ 𝑅 Choose the correct answer.
[CUET][1 Marks]
2|P a g e
Sol. (a) (2, 4) ∈ 𝑅 Q.2 Prove that the function 𝑓 is
surjective.
(b) (3, 8) ∈ 𝑅
Where 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁 such that
(c) (6, 8) ∈ 𝑅
𝑛+1
(d) (8, 7) ∈ 𝑅 , if n is odd
𝑓(𝑛) = { 𝑛2
Since 𝑅 ∈ 𝑁 × 𝑁 and b > 6 2
, if n is even

Put a = 6  b = 𝑏 − 2  Is the function injective?

𝑏 = 8 Justify your answer [CBSE
SQO 2022-23][2 Marks]
As 𝑏 = 8 > 6
Sol. For one – one,
Hence Ans.  (c) (6, 8) ∈ 𝑅.
Let 𝑥1 = 1, 𝑥2 = 2
CONCEPT 2: Function and it’s
1+1 2
Types. 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(1) = 2
=2=
1. One – One (Injective): 1 (Since 1 is odd)
𝑓(𝑥1 ) ≠ 𝑓(𝑥2 ) 2
𝑓(𝑥2 ) = 𝑓(2) = = 1 (Since
2
For 𝑥1 ≠ 𝑥2 2 is even)
2. Onto (Surjective): For every Since, 𝑓(1) = 𝑓(2) but 1 ≠
in the codomain, there exists 2
an X in the domain.
 𝑓 is not one – one.
S.t 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑌
For onto
Q.1 A relation R in the set of real
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦, Such that 𝑌 ∈
number R defined by R -
𝑁
{(𝑎, 𝑏): √𝑎 = 𝑏} is a function
or not. [CBSE SQO 2021][1 When n is odd When n is
Mark] even
𝑛+1 𝑛
Sol. As we know 𝑌= 𝑌=
2 2

√𝑎 is not defined for 𝑎 ∈ 2𝑌 = 𝑛 + 1 2𝑌 = 𝑛

(−∞, 0)
2𝑌 − 1 = 𝑛
√𝑎 = 𝑏 is not a function.
𝑛 = 2𝑌 − 1 𝑛 = 2𝑌
3|P a g e
 Thus, 𝑥2 = 𝑥1
For every 𝑌 ∈ 𝑁, there If 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 ), then 𝑥1 =
exists 𝑋 ∈ 𝑁 Such that 𝑥2
𝑓(𝑛) = 𝑌
 𝑓 is one – one
Hence 𝑓 is onto
Checking onto
Q.3 Let 𝑓 ∶ 𝐴 → 𝐵 be a function
2𝑥+3
Let 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵, Where
defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = ,
𝑥−3 2𝑥+3
𝑌=
where 𝐴 = 𝑅 –{3} and 𝐵 = 𝑥−3
𝑅 – {2} is the function 𝑓 is 𝑌(𝑥 − 3) = 2𝑥 + 3
one - one and onto?
𝑥𝑌 − 3𝑌 = 2𝑥 + 3
[CBSE SQO 2019 - 20][3
Marks] 𝑥𝑌 − 2𝑥 = 3𝑌 + 3

Sol. Checking one – one. 𝑥(𝑌 − 2) = 3(𝑌 + 1)

3(𝑌+1)
Let 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥=
(𝑌−2)
2𝑥1 +3 2𝑥2 +3
𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑥1 −3
, 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 −3
For 𝑌 = 2, 𝑥 is not defined.

Putting 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 ) But it is given that 𝑌 ∈ 𝑅 −

{2}
2𝑥1 +3 2𝑥2 +3
𝑥1 −3
= 𝑥2 −3 3(𝑌+1)
Hence, 𝑥 = ∈ 𝑅 − {3}
(𝑌−2)
(2𝑥1 + 3)(𝑥2 − 3) = (2𝑥2 +
3)(𝑥1 − 3) Checking for 𝑌 = 𝑓(𝑥)

2𝑥1 (𝑥2 − 3) + 3(𝑥2 − 3) = Putting value of x in 𝑓(𝑥)

2𝑥2 (𝑥1 − 3) + 3(𝑥1 + 3) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓
3(𝑌+1)
(𝑌−2)
2𝑥1 𝑥2 − 6𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 − 9 =
3(𝑌+2)
2( )+3
2𝑥2 𝑥1 − 6𝑥2 + 3𝑥1 − 9  (𝑌−2)
3(𝑌+1)
( )−3
(𝑌−2)
−6𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 = −6𝑥2 + 3𝑥1
6(𝑌+1)+3(𝑌−2)
( )
3𝑥2 + 6𝑥2 = 3𝑥1 + 6𝑥1 
(𝑌−2)
3(𝑌+1)−3(𝑌−2)
( )
(𝑌−2)
9𝑥2 = 9𝑥1

4|P a g e
 6(𝑌+1)+3(𝑌−2) 𝑌 = 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑌
 3(𝑌+1)−3(𝑌−2)

6𝑌+6+3𝑌−6
𝑌 = 𝑥(1 + 𝑌)

3𝑌+3−3𝑌+6 𝑌
𝑥 = 1+𝑥
9𝑌
 9 𝑌
𝑥 = 1+𝑌 for all value of 𝑌 ≠
 Y
−1
Thus, for every 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵, there
exists 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 Such that Such that 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑌 𝑓(𝑥) is
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑌 onto.
𝑥
Hence, 𝑓 is onto. (ii) 𝑓(𝑥) = 1+𝑥 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1

Q.4 Show that the function Let 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 )

𝑓: 𝑅 → {𝑥 ∈ 𝑅: −1 < 𝑥 < 1} 𝑥1 𝑥
 1+𝑥1
= 1+𝑥2
𝑥 2
defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = and
1+|𝑥|
 𝑥1 + 𝑥1 𝑥2 = 𝑥2 + 𝑥1 𝑥2
onto function. [CBSE SQP
2023-24][5 Marks]  𝑥1 = 𝑥2
𝑥
Sol. 𝑓(𝑥) = 1−𝑥 − 1 < 𝑥 < 0 𝑓 is one – one
𝑥 𝑥
and 𝑓(𝑥) = 1+𝑥 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 1 Let 𝑌 = 1+𝑥

Now, 𝑌 + 𝑥𝑌 = 𝑥
𝑥
(i) 𝑓(𝑥) = 1−𝑥
−1<𝑥 <0 𝑌 = 𝑥 − 𝑥𝑌

Let 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 ) 𝑌 = 𝑥(1 − 𝑌)

𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑌
 = 𝑥=
1−𝑌
1−𝑥1 1−𝑥2

 𝑥1 − 𝑥1 𝑥2 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑥2 For all value of 𝑌 ≠ 1, 𝑥 =

𝑌
 𝑥1 = 𝑥2 1−𝑌

𝑓 is one – one Such that, 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑌

𝑥 𝑓 is onto
Let 𝑌 =
1−𝑥
Hence, 𝑓(𝑥) is one – one and
𝑌 − 𝑥𝑌 = 𝑥

5|P a g e
 Onto Proved. Q.2 Relation R on set
A={1,2,3,4,5} is defined as
Q.5 The function 𝑓 ∶ 𝑅 → 𝑅
𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 1𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 1 <
defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 is :
8} check whether R is,
[CBSE SQP 2021-22]
reflexive, Symmetric and
(a) One – One but not onto transitive. Is Relation R
(b) Not one – one but onto equivalence?

(c) Neither one – one nor [CBSE 2024, Set 1][3 Marks]
onto Sol. For Reflexive
(d) One – one and onto As |𝑥 2 − 𝑥 2 | < 8 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑥 ∈
Sol. Then function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 is 𝐴
both One – one and onto,  (𝑥, 𝑥) ∈ 𝑅
making (d) the correct
answer.  R is reflexive.

(d) one – one and onto For Symmetric,

CONCEPT 3: Revised Topics |𝑥 2 − 𝑌 2 | < 8  |𝑌 2 −

𝑥2| < 8
Q.1 A relation R in set A = {1, 2,
3} is defined as for all (𝑌, 𝑥) ∈ 𝑅

𝑅=  R is Symmetric.
{(1,1), (1,2), (2,2), (3,3)} For transitive.
which of the following
(1,2), (2,3) ∈ 𝑅 as
ordered pair in R shall be
removed to make it an |12 − 22 | < 8,
equivalence relation in A.
|22 − 32 | < 8
[CBSE SQP 2021-22][1
But,
Marks]
|12 − 22 | ≮ 8 ⇒ (1,3) ∉ 𝑅
(a) (1,1) (b) (1,2)
 R is not Transitive.
(c) (2,2) (d) (3,3)
Hence Relation R is not an
Sol. The correct answer is (b)
equivalence relation.
(1,2).
6|P a g e
Q.3 Prove that the function 𝑓 ∶ Q.4 Define the relation R in the
𝑁 → 𝑁 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = set 𝑁 × 𝑁 as follows: for
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 is one – one but (𝑎, 𝑏), (𝑐, 𝑑) ∈ 𝑁 × 𝑁.
not onto. [CBSE Delhi Set-III
(𝑎, 𝑏) 𝑅 (𝑐, 𝑑) Iff 𝑎𝑑 = 𝑏𝑐.
2019][3 Marks]
Prove that R is an
Sol. For one – one
equivalence relation in
Let 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 ) 𝑁 × 𝑁. [CBSE SQP 2023] [5
Marks]
𝑥1 2 + 𝑥1 + 1 = 𝑥2 2 + 𝑥2 + 1
Sol. Let (𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑁 × 𝑁 , Then we
0 = 𝑥2 2 − 𝑥1 2 + 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
have 𝑎𝑏 = 𝑏𝑎 
0 = (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )(𝑥2 + 𝑥1 + 1) (𝑎, 𝑏) 𝑅 (𝑎, 𝑏)
Since (𝑥2 + 𝑥1 + 1) > 0 Hence, R is reflexive.
 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 = 0  𝑎2 + 𝑑 2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2
𝑥2 = 𝑥1  𝑐 2 + 𝑏 2 = 𝑑 2 + 𝑎2
 (𝑐, 𝑑) 𝑅 (𝑎, 𝑏)
So,
Hence, R is symmetric.
𝑓(𝑥1 ) ≠ 𝑓(𝑥2 ) if 𝑥1 ≠ 𝑥2 Let (𝑎, 𝑏), (𝑐, 𝑑), (𝑒, 𝑓) ∈
Making 𝑓 one – one 𝑁×𝑁
such that
For onto (𝑎, 𝑏) 𝑅 (𝑐, 𝑑) , (𝑐, 𝑑) 𝑅 (𝑒, 𝑓).
Let 𝑌 = 2  𝑎2 + 𝑑2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 ___ (i)
and
𝑓(𝑥) = 2
𝑐 2 + 𝑓 2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑒 2 __ (ii)
𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 2 Adding (i) and (ii)
𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 1 = 0  𝑎2 + 𝑑 2 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑓 2 = 𝑏 2 +
𝑐 2 + 𝑑2 + 𝑒 2
(−1±√3)
𝑥=  𝑎2 + 𝑓 2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑒 2
2
 (𝑎, 𝑏) 𝑅 (𝑒, 𝑓)
Since x is not a natural
Hence R is transitive
number there is no X in N.
Since R is equivalence
such that 𝑓 (𝑥) = 2.
relation:
∴ f is not onto
7|P a g e
Q.5 Let 𝐴 = {(1,2,3)}, Sol. (A) is the correct answer.
𝐵 = {4,5,6,7} and
Q.1 (A): The possible number of
let 𝑓 = {(1, 4) , (2,5) , (3,6)}
reflexive relations of a
be a function from A to B.
set A whose
Based on the given
𝑛(𝐴) = 4 is 212 .
information, f is best
defined as: [CBSE SQP (R): Number of reflexive
2021-22] [1 Mark] relation on a set
Sol. The correct answer is contain 𝑛 elements is
2−𝑛
(b) Injective function. 2𝑛 [V.V.I.]
Sol. (A) is correct answer.
Concept 4: Assertion – Reason
Based Questions Explanation: 𝑛(𝐴) = 4 (Given)

Choose the correct answer out of Total number of reflexive

the following choices. relations
2−𝑛
(A) Both A and R are true. And R  2𝑛 = 24×3 = 212
is the correct explanation of Q.2 (A): Let 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑎3 ): a is a
A. prime number less than 99,
(B) Both A and R are true, but R then range of R ={8,27, 125,
is not the correct 343}.
explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false. (R): Here , 𝑅 =
(D) A is false and R is true. {(1,1), (2,8), (3,27) , (4,64),

Q.1 (A) Let L be the collection (5,125), (6,126), (7,343),

of all lines in a plane (9,512). [SQP]
and R, be the relation
Sol. (e) is correct answer.
on L as 𝑅1 = {𝐿1, 𝐿2 ∶
𝐿1 ⊥ 𝐿2 } is a symmetric Explanation: Assertion is correct
relation. [V.V.I.] as:
(R) A relation R is said to  = {2,8), (3,27), (5,125),
be symmetric if (7,343)}
(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅  (𝑏, 𝑎) ∈
∴ Range = {8,27,125,343}
𝑅.
8|P a g e
Reason is false as domain takes students of same sex}, then
only prime values. this relation R is ________.
Concept 5: Case Study Based (A) Equivalence
Questions:
(B) Reflexive only
Read the following text and
(C) Reflexive & symmetric
answer the following questions
but not transitive
on the basis of the same:
(D) Reflexive & transitive
An organisation conducted
but not symmetric
bike race under two different
categories-boys and girls. Totally Sol. Option (A) is correct.
there were 250 participants. Q.3 Ravi wants to know among
Among all of them finally three those relations. How many
from category 1 and two from functions can be performed
category 2 were selected for the from B to G?
final race. Ravi forms two sets B (A) 22 (B) 212
and G with these participants for (C) 32 (D) 23
his college project. Sol. Option (D) is correct
Let 𝐵 = {𝑏1 , 𝑏2 , 𝑏3 } 𝐺 = answer.
{𝑔1 , 𝑔2 , } Q.4 Let R ∶ B → G be defined by
Where B represent the set of
boys Selected and G the set of R= {(𝑏1 , 𝑔1 ) (𝑏2 , 𝑔2 ), (𝑏3 , 𝑔1 ),
girls who were selected for the then
final race. [CBSE QB 2021] [4 R is ________
Marks]
(A) Injective
Q.1 Ravi wishes to form all the
relations possible from B to (B) Surjective
G. How many such relations (c) Neither surjective nor
are possible? Injective
(A) 26 (B) 25
(D) surjective and injective
(C) 0 (D) 23
Sol. Option (A) is correct. Sol. Option (B) is correct answer.
Q.2 Let R ∶ B → B be defined (II) Read the following text and
by 𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦) ∶ 𝑥 and y are answer the following
9|P a g e
 questions on the basis of the (A) R is an Equivalence
same: relation
Students of grade 9, planned (B) R is symmetric but
to plant saplings along neither reflexive nor
straight lines, parallel to transitive.
each other to one side of the (C) R is reflexive and
playground ensuring that transitive but not
they planted enough play symmetric
area. Let us assume that (D) R is reflexive neither
they planted one of the rows symmetric nor
of the sapling along the line transitive
𝑦 = 𝑥 – 4. Let L be the set
Sol. Option (B) is correct.
of all lines which are parallel
on the ground and R be a Q,3 The function f : R → R
relation on L. defined by
[CBSE QB 2021] [4 Marks] 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4 𝑖𝑠 ________
Q.1 Let relation R be defined by (A) Bijective
𝑅 = {(𝐿, 𝐿2 ): 𝐿1 ∥
(B) Surjective but not
𝐿2 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐿1 , 𝐿2 ∈ 𝐿 } then R
injective
is ________ relation.
(C) Injective but not
(A) Equivalence surjective
(B) Only reflexive (D) Neither surjective nor
injective
(C) Not reflexive
Sol. Option (A) is correct.
(D) symmetric but not
transitive. Q.4 Let 𝑅 = {(𝐿1 , 𝐿2 ): 𝐿1 ∥
𝐿2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐿1 ∶ 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4}
Sol. Option (A) is correct .
Then which of the following
Q.2 Let 𝑅 = {𝐿1 , 𝐿2 ): 𝐿1 ⊥ can be taken as 𝐿2 ?
𝐿2 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐿1 , 𝐿2 ∈ 𝐿}
(A) 2x – 2y + 5 = 0
Which of the following is (B) 2x + y = 5
true? (C) 2x + 2y + 7 = 0

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 (D) X + y = 7 𝜋2
𝑓 (𝜋) = 𝜋2 +1 ; ∀ ∈ 𝑅.
Sol. Option (A) is correct.
Is neither one-one nor onto.
CHAPTER: 1 PRACTISE
Q.7 Show that the function 𝑓 =(-
QUESTION FOR EXAMS
∞, 0) → (- 1, 0)
Q.1 If A = {a, b, c, d} and f = { (a,
𝜋⬚
b), (b, d), (c, a), (d, c)} Defined by 𝑓 =(𝜋) =
𝐼 +𝐼 𝜋 𝐼

Show that f is one-one from 𝜋 ∈ (- ∞, 0) is one-one and

A to A onto.
Q.2 Show that the relation R on Q.8 Let A = R – {-}, F: A →A is a
the set of all real numbers mapping defined by 𝑓 =(𝜋) =
defined as R= {(a, b): a ≤ 𝑏 3 } 𝜋−2⬚
, show that F is one-
is not transitive. 𝜋−1
one and on to.
Q.3 If the function f: R – {1, -1}
𝜋2 Q.9 Let F: N→R be a function
A defined by 𝑓 (𝜋) = 1−𝜋2 ,is
defined as
surjective. Then find A.
f =(𝜋) = 4 𝜋 2 + 12 𝜋 + 15.
Q.4 How many reflexive Show that 𝐹: 𝑁 → 𝑆, where
relations are possible in a S is the range of 𝑓 is one –
set A whose (A) = 4. Also one and onto function.
find how many symmetric
Q.10 Check whether the relation
relations are possible on a
R in the set Z of integers
set B whose 𝜋 (𝐵) = 3.
defined as R = {(a, b): at b is
Q.5 Show that the relation R in “divisible by 2”} is reflexive,
the set of all real numbers, symmetric, transitive and
defined 05 equivalence.
R = { a, b} : a ≤ b2 } is neither
reflexive nor symmetric.
Q.6 Show that the function
𝑓 ∶ 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by

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 Most Important Questions Consider three right angle
of NCERT triangles T1 with sides 3, 4,
5, T2 with sides 5, 12, 13
Q.1 Give an example of a
and T3 with sides 6, 8, 10.
relation. Which is
Which triangles among
(i) Symmetric but neither
T1 , T2 , T3 , are related.
reflexive or transitive.
….missing word… Are right
(ii) Transitive but neither
angle triangle T with sides
reflexive nor symmetric.
3, 4 and 5?
(iii) Reflexive and
Q.4 Let L be the set of all lines
symmetric but not
in XY plane and R be the
transitive.
relation is L defined as R =
(iv) Reflexive and transitive
{L1 , L2 ): L1 is parallel to
but not symmetric.
L2 }. Show that R is an
(v) Symmetric and
equivalence relation. Find
transitive but not reflexive.
the set of all lines related to
Q.2 Show that the relation R in
the line 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 4.
the Set A of points in a
Q.5 Let 𝑓: 𝐍 →
plane given by R = {(P, Q):
𝐍 be defined by 𝑓(𝑛) =
distance of the point P from 𝑛+1
, if 𝑛 is odd
the origin is same as the 𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑛2 for
distance of the point Q 2
, if 𝑛 is even
from the origin}, is an all 𝑛 ∈ 𝐍.
equivalence relation.
Further, show that the set State whether the function
of all points related to a f is bijective. Justify your
point P≠ (0, 0) is the circle answer.
passing through P with Q.6 Let A = 𝐑 − {3} and B =
origin as centre. 𝐑 − {1}. Consider the
function 𝑓: A → B defined
Q.3 Show that the relation R by
defined in the set A of all 𝑥−2
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥−3). Is f one-one
triangles as R = {T1 , T2 ): T1
and onto? Justify your
is similar to T2 }, is
answer.
equivalence relation.
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