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Q4.ClasAeA and Objects.
The main purpose of objecive- 0 is to add object
oi untation to the C pogramming kanguage
Clause ae the cenhral feature of objechive -C, thy
Support objct - oriented prog ramming , and are oftun
oalled a Usar - defined types.
The data and method within a cla cuc called
membrs of the cla
CharacteristicA of Objechive -C’
The cla is olefinud in
in two
two diferent
different secthiora namly
@intuface and @implemantatian
Almost everything is in the form of abjects.
Objects reciNe mesages,
meuagek, and are often refemd to al
recievers.
Objects contin instane VaioableA
Objects and instance vaniables have scope
Clawe hide Cun object's implemantatio n
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Class Definihond
d olus olafnithon starts wih the kyword
interfaca, followed tby the intuface (clasa) nouna
na
The clau body is en closed by a pair of urly
braces.
Sn objecive-C, all claes aue dleived fom the
base alau called NSObject
J+ is the Supu clo of al Objective l clousel
3+ providles bauic methocs Ilke memory cllocation and
initializaton
example
intuface Box: NSs Object
Tnstonce variables
doubje
double length; ung th of box
bread th ; Bread th of box
propurty
proputy (nonatomic, readwrite ) dlouble hight
end
Allocafing and initi ali zinq abjcts
clau vicdes the bluepnints for objecks
s0 bauically objects
80 are cated fam a cla.
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we olecare objecfs with the same sort of alacaration
that we use to oleclare variables of basic type
e Kample ’
Box boxd = [C Borallag init];erate boxs object of
the type Box
Box box 2 =[[ Box alloc] init]; lerate box2 object of
the type Box
dccesing he Data Members ’
The proprtius of objects of a cla cCun be accesed using
the direct membe acceA oprator()
Cxample
import
<Foundation /Foun dation.h)
intefae Box: NSObjeck
double lengthj
olovble breadl th
dou ble heightj
atormic radwrite ) double hight ;
propurty
(double) volu
end
implementahit Box synthasi ze huight j
(id) init
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self = [super init)
length =1.0,
bread h= 1.0;
retorn Self;
double) volume
retrn length* breadth * haight ,
3
end
int main
Box boxd = [l Box alloe] init);
Box * box2=[CBox alloc] init];
dovble volume= 0.0
box1. height = s.0j
box2. height =1o.0 ;
volune = Cbox1 volume]
NSLog ( Volume of box1 of" voluma);
volume = [bax2 volumu];
NSLog ( "Volome of box 2: af", veluma);
}
Function ’
Afonction is a group of statements that to geher
a task.
puform
fonction declaration tells com piler about he
onch on's name , retum type and parametes.
The fonchon clefinikon provides the actual bo dy of
funchion.
The fnctha n is called
called a a method
Method Declaration ’
Syratax
-(retorn-type) fonchon _na (argumunt Typ)
arguement Namei joining Argumant l(arguemnt Typ2)
arguement Nama2 joining Arguemnt N: (argunant TypeN)
arguemut NameN;
-(int) max: int) num1 ond Num 2 (int) num 2;
Method Defnihon
Syntax
-(retorn type) foncion- name (argumntType1)
arguemunt Name1 joining Ang umant2 : Carguemunt Type2)
arguemntName 2 joining ArguemuntN CargumuntType)
CuguementTNamaN
body of the funchion
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example program
# im port <Foundation Foundaion. h),
inturface Sample Clask NSobject
method ceclaration
-(int) max i (int) num 1 andNuna2i (int) num 2;
end
implemantation Sample
Cla
Zmehad dafnition
-(int)max: (int) numi and Num2int) nwm2
int result
if (num1 > num2)
result = num 1;
else
ruult = wml
hetum rsult
end
int main )
intaz l00
int b= 200;
int net
Sample Clas
net =
Samples ll SampleClau alloc]init
Lsarmple.
NSLoq Q"Max
max : a
val is :
and Numl ib]
%d n" ret);
return 0,
Poge
Log Handlinq
NSLoq metho d isis Used to print logs.
Sy ntax NSLog (Q"hulo );
eramplei # import <Foundation /Foundlati on .h)
int main )
NSLog( " Hello, wortd !") ;
returnOi
3
Debug Lag prints logs in a tive build
Whun we 0ompile and un the program in bp:debug moda,
she output is
is
ur custom
Debuq log, our custom addition qets printed
duing debug only
NSkog is pninted always
uhen we compile and orun our pragranin rlease
mode, the output is ’
NSLog is printed always
