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Geography Mock Exam

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Question 1
The diagram shows the proportions of land and water at each degree of latitude and the
locations of some cold extreme environments.

1. (i) Estimate the latitude at which the percentage of land is highest in the Northern [4]
Hemisphere.
(ii) State one reason why extreme cold environments can even be found at latitude
2. Explain the characteristics and formation in periglacial environments of: [6]

(i) patterned ground;

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3. Referring to examples, evaluate the varied economic opportunities in hot, arid [10]
environments.

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Question 2
The photograph shows an area of sand dune restoration.

1. (i) State one natural cause and one human cause of sand dune degradation. [4]

(ii) Identify two ways in which people are attempting to restore the sand dunes
shown in the photograph.
2. Briefly explain the characteristics and formation of two ocean floor landforms [6]
found at a constructive plate boundary.
3. Examine the possible impacts of changes in the ocean carbon store. [10]

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Question 3
The diagram shows some of the factors affecting vulnerability to hazards.

1. Suggest what factor A on the diagram might be. [1]

2. Explain how two of the other factors (other than factor A) shown on the diagram [22]
affect vulnerability to hazards.
[2+2]
3. Analyse why communities may underestimate the probability of a hazard event [5]
occurring.
4. For one or more hazards of your choice, examine how estimates are made for the [10]
probability and likely impact of a major hazard event.

Question 4
1. Outline two climatic characteristics of a periglacial extreme environment. [2]

2. Describe two characteristics of permafrost. [2]

3. Explain the role of water in two weathering processes in hot, arid environments. [6]

4. “Global climate change will create more challenges than opportunities for [10]
indigenous populations.” Discuss this statement, with reference to one or more
extreme environments.

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Question 5
1. Outline two ways in which people have adapted their outdoor activities to extremes [4]
of weather in hot, arid environments.
2. Distinguish between the terms “accumulation” and “ablation” in the glacial [2]
environment.
3. Explain two reasons why many glaciers are retreating. [4]

4. “Global climate change will create more opportunities than challenges for [10]
indigenous populations.” Discuss this statement, with reference to one or more
extreme environments.

Question 6
1. Explain three factors that may produce a short time lag on a storm hydrograph. [6]

2. Compare the effectiveness of alternative stream management strategies, other [10]

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Question 7
The photograph shows part of the Himalaya in the Everest region of Nepal in summer.

1. Referring to the photograph, identify landform A and landform B. [1]

2. Briefly outline how the landform at C was formed. [3]

3. Explain two possible challenges posed by the environment to the economic [6]
activities of people living in areas like area D shown in the photograph.
4. Examine the opportunities for agriculture in hot, arid areas. [10]

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Question 8
The graph shows the number of people, and the percentage of the total population,
exposed to drought in different countries in an average year.

1. Briefly describe any two distinct patterns shown by the data on the graph. [22]

[2+2]
2. Explain the reasons for the occurrence and severity of a specific drought event that [6]
you have studied.
3. Referring to examples, examine why the geographic impacts of disasters vary in [10]
space and time.

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