Computer Organization and Architecture
Computer Organization and Architecture
22CS302 ARCHITECTURE
(Common to CSE, ADS and CSD) 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
The Course will enable learners to:
Describe the basic principles and operations of digital computers.
Design arithmetic and logic unit for various fixed and floating point operations
Construct pipeline architectures for RISC processors.
Explain various memory systems & I/O interfacings
Discuss parallel processor and multi-processor architectures
UNIT I COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS 9
Computer Types - Functional Units — Basic Operational Concepts — Number
Representation and Arithmetic Operations - Performance Measurement — Instruction
Set Architecture - Memory Locations and Addresses - Instructions and Instruction
Sequencing - Addressing Modes.
UNIT II COMPUTER ARITHMETIC 9
Addition and Subtraction of Signed Numbers - Design of Fast Adders - Multiplication of
Unsigned Numbers - Multiplication of Signed Numbers - Fast Multiplication - Integer
Division - Floating-Point Numbers and Operations.
UNIT III BASIC PROCESSING UNIT AND PIPELINING 9
Basic Processing Unit: Concepts - Instruction Execution - Hardware Components -
Instruction Fetch and Execution Steps -Control Signals - Hardwired Control.
Pipelining: Basic Concept - Pipeline Organization- Pipelining Issues - Data
Dependencies - Memory Delays - Branch Delays - Resource Limitations - Performance
Evaluation -Superscalar Operation.
UNIT IV I/O AND MEMORY 9
Input/Output Organization: Bus Structure - Bus Operation - Arbitration - The Memory
System: Basic Concepts - Semiconductor RAM Memories - Read-only Memories - Direct
Memory Access - Memory Hierarchy - Cache Memories - Performance Considerations
- Virtual Memory - Memory Management Requirements - Secondary Storage.
UNIT V PARALLEL PROCESSING AND MULTICORE COMPUTERS 9
Parallel Processing: Use of Multiple Processors - Symmetric Multiprocessors -
Multithreading and Chip Multiprocessors - Clusters - Nonuniform Memory Access
Computers Vector Computation - Multicore Organization.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to:
CO1: Explain the basic principles and operations of digital computers.
CO2: Design Arithmetic and Logic Unit to perform fixed and floating-point operations.
CO3: Analyze and Implement Instruction Execution.
CO4: Evaluate Pipelining and Superscalar Operations.
CO5: Understand I/O and Memory Systems.
CO6: Explore Parallel Processing and Multicore Computers.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Carl Hamacher, Zvonko Vranesic, Safwat Zaky, Computer organization, Tata
McGraw Hill, Sixth edition, 2012.