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Sample Space, S: Probability 1

1. The document provides examples and explanations of concepts related to probability, including sample space, events, and calculating probability. 2. It defines key terms like sample space, event, and uses examples like rolling a die, coin tosses, and drawing balls from bags to illustrate these concepts. 3. Formulas for probability are given as the number of favorable outcomes over the total number of possible outcomes, and examples show calculating probability of events like getting certain numbers or colors.

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juriah binti ibrahim
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219 views

Sample Space, S: Probability 1

1. The document provides examples and explanations of concepts related to probability, including sample space, events, and calculating probability. 2. It defines key terms like sample space, event, and uses examples like rolling a die, coin tosses, and drawing balls from bags to illustrate these concepts. 3. Formulas for probability are given as the number of favorable outcomes over the total number of possible outcomes, and examples show calculating probability of events like getting certain numbers or colors.

Uploaded by

juriah binti ibrahim
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBABILITY 1 Sample Space, S - the possible outcomes of an experiment.

An Event - a set of outcomes which satisfies certain conditions Examples 1 A dice is rolled. Determine the sample space of this experiment. Then, state the events that satisfy the following conditions : (i) obtaining an even number (ii) obtaining an odd number (iii) obtaining the prime number (iv) obtaining the number 8 Write your answer in set notation. Answer : Sample Space, S = Events (i) (iii) Example 2 A coin is tossed twice. List all the possible outcomes. Then, state the event that both of the result are different. Answer : Using the tree diagram

(ii) (iv)

Sample space, S = Event that the both result are different =

Example 3 A box contains the number cards 12 , 13, 15, 17 and 21. A card is randomly selected from the box. List the element of the sample space that satisfies the following conditions. a.) A multiple of 3 is selected b.) An even number is selected Answer : Sample space, S = a.) b.)

Probability Probability of event A, P(A) = n(A) = number of time event A n(S) = number of sample space Example 4 A bag contains 10 red balls, 15 yellow balls and 20 green balls. A ball is taken from the bag at random. Find the (i) probability of getting red ball (ii) probability of getting green ball (iii) probability of getting blue ball Answer : Total of balls , n(S) = (i) (iii) P (Red) = P (Blue) =
n ( Red ) = n (S)

n( A) n( S )

0 P(A) 1

(ii)

P (Green) =

Example 5 A box contains x pens. 20 of the pens are red colour, 10 of the pens are blue colour and the others are black colour. If a pen is taken from the box at random, find (i) value of x if the probability of getting red pens is (ii) the probability of getting black pen. Answer :
2 . 5

Example 6 There are 24 boys and p girls in a class. A student is chosen at random from the class. If the probability of choosing a boy from the class is Answer :
2 . find the value of p. 3

Example 7 Based on the weather record of a region, it is found that the probability of a day being rainy is
2 . Find the expected number of rainy days in a year in the region. 5

Answer :

Example 8 A dice is thrown 900 times. a.) Calculate the expected number of times number 6 is obtained b.) Calculate the expected number of times and odd number is obtained. Answer :

Example 9 Letter X Y Z Number Of Cards 8 5 17 The table shows the number of cards of different letters. All the cards are put into an empty box. a.) If one cards is chosen at random from the box, find the probability of choosing a card with letter Y. b.) If m cards with letter X are added into the box and the probability of choosing a card with letter X is Answer :
1 , calculate the value of m. 2

Exercises (Sample space and event) 1. State the sample space for each of the following experiments. a.) Selecting a ball randomly from a bag that contains 3 balls which are green, purple and pink colour. b.) Selecting a letter randomly from the word LOVELY c.) The results of tossing a coin and a die. d.) The result of tossing a coin 3 times. 2. G L O R Y

A letter is selected randomly from a box which contains all the letters of the word above. Identify a.) all the elements of the sample space which are consonant, b.) all the elements of the sample space which are vowels. 3. 10 20 If the spinner shown in the diagram is spun, determine if the following events are possible or not. a.) A = the pointer points to a number that is divisible by 10. b.) B = the pointer points to a factor of 15 c.) C = The pointer points to a number greater than 19.

25

4. A pair of brown socks and a pair of black socks are placed in a drawer. If Ali chooses two socks randomly from the drawer, determine if the following events are possible or not. a.) One black sock and one brown sock are chosen b.) One green sock and one brown sock are chosen c.) Two sock of same colours are chosen. 5. A teacher selects randomly a month to carry out a cleanliness campaign. State the elements of the sample space for each of the conditions below. a.) The month begin with the letter J. b.) The month begins with a vowels.

Exercises (Probability) 1. In a group of 36 teachers, 30 of them are female teachers. A teacher is selected at random from the group. If 4 more male teachers join the group, the probability of choosing a male teacher from the group is 2. There are 20 adults and 10 children in a bus. When the bus reaches a bus stop, 2 adults and 4 children get off from the bus. A passenger is chosen at random from the bus. Calculate the probability that the selected passenger is a child. 3. A box contains several marbles. Eight of the marbles are blue. If a marble is randomly selected from the box, the probability that it is a blue marble is number of marbles in the box is 4. In a school, 180 students are wearing spectacles. If a student is selected randomly from the school, the probability of a student wearing spectacles being chosen is number of students who do not wear spectacles in the school.
3 . Find the 20

2 . Therefore, the total 7

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