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MPS 10

Maths 2

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36 views2 pages

MPS 10

Maths 2

Uploaded by

Rohan MishrA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

MATHOCRAT PRACTICE SHEETS (MPS)-ODE-10


FIRST ORDER AND FIRST DEGREE DEs:

Applications of equation of first order and first degree

1. Show that the equation of the curve whose slope at any point is equal to y + 2x and which passes through the origin is
y = 2(ex – x –1).

2. Find the cartesian equation of the curve whose gradient at (x, y) is y/2x and passes through the point (a, 2a).

Answer: y2 = 4ax

3. Find the equations to the curves for which

(i) Cartesian sub-tangent is constant. Ans. y = kex/c

(ii) Cartesian sub-normal is constant. Ans. y2 = 2cx + k

(iii) Polar sub-tangent is constant. Ans. r (k – Ө) = c

(iv) Polar sub-normal is constant. Ans. r = cӨ + k

4. Find the curve for which the angle between the tangent and the radius vector at anypoint is

(a) Constant (= ∝). Answer: r = ceӨcos ∝

(b) Twice the vectorial angle. Answer: r2 = c sin2Ө

5. Find the curves in which the cartesian subtangent varies as the abscissa.

Answer: x = cyk

6. Find the polar equation of the family of curves for which the sum of the radius vector and the polar subnormal varies as
the kth power of the radius vector.

Answer: 1/rk-1 = ce(k-1)Ө + c1

7. Find the curve for which the sum of the reciprocals of polar radius and polar subtangent at any point on it is of 5 units and
the curve passes through a point whose polar coordinates are (1/2, 0).

1
Answer: (5r – 1) = 3reӨ

8. Prove that all curves for which the square of the normal is equal to the square of the radius vector are either circles or
rectangular hyperbolas.

9. Find the curve in which the length of the portion of the normal intercepted between the curve and the x-axis varies as the
square of the ordinate.

Answer: ky = cosh (kx + c)

10. The population of a country doubles in 40 years. Assuming that the rate of increase is proportional to the number of
inhabitants, find the number of years, in which it would triple (becomes three times) itself.

Answer: (40 log 3)/(log 2)

11. Air at temperature 200 K is passed over a substance at 300 K. The temperature of the substance cools down to 260 K in
30 minutes. Assuming that the rate at which a substance cools in moving air is proportional to the difference between the
temperature of the substance and that of the air, find after what time the temperature of the substance would be 240 K. (K
stands for Kelvin, a unit of measurement of temperature)

Answer: 53.8 minutes

12. A steam boat is moving at velocity V when steam is shut off. Given that the retardation at any subsequent time is equal
to the magnitude of the velocity at that time. Find the velocity and distance travelled in time t after the steam is shut off.

Answer: v = Ve–t , x = V (1 – e–t)

13. The rate of increase of bacteria in a culture is proportional to the number of bacteria present and it is found that the
number doubles in 5 hours. Express this mathematically, using rate of increase of bacteria with respect to time. Hence,
calculate how many times the bacteria may be expected to grow at the end of 15 hours.

Answer: 8 times

14. Determine the curve for which the radius of curvature is proportional to the slope of the tangent.

15. A thermometer reading 18°F is brought into a room, the temperature of which is 70°F. One minute later, the
thermometer reading is 31°F. Determine the thermometer reading as a function of time.

16. Find the family of curves that intersect the family of spirals r = aӨ at a constant angle ∝.

Answer: log (r/c) – log (Ө+ tan∝)sec∝ + Ө tan ∝ = 0


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