8 stages of Human Development

• Pre-natal
• Infancy
• Early Childhood
• Late Childhood
• Adolescence
• Early Adulthood
• Middle Age
• Old Age
PRE-NATAL (Conception to birth)
It refers to the
developmental period
that begins with
conception and continues
until the baby is born.
INFANCY – 0 to 2 years old

Basic behaviors like recognizing

voices, smiling, and bonding
with caregivers are formed.
Essential growth skills, such as
learning to crawl, grasp objects,
and respond to stimuli, are also
developed during this stage.
 EARLY CHILDHOOD – 2 to 6 years
The pre-gang age when children
explore and ask lots of
questions. They learn language,
start to reason, and begin to
socialize with others.
LATE CHILDHOOD – 6 to 12 years old

• The gang and creativity age is

when children develop self-care,
social, school, and play skills.
During this stage, children begin
to take initiative in planning and
carrying out activities.
 ADOLESCENCE – Puberty to 18 years old
• Transition age from childhood to adulthood when sex
maturation and rapid physical development occur
resulting to changes in ways of feeling, thinking and
acting.
• Teens explore different roles, values, and identities.
Successful exploration leads to a strong sense of
identity. Failure to establish a clear identity results in
role confusion, where they may struggle to find where
they fit in society.
EARLY ADULTHOOD – 18 to 40 years old
• Age of adjustment to new patterns of life and
roles such as spouse, parent and bread winner.
• In this stage, individuals form deep, meaningful
relationships with others. Successful resolution
leads to strong relationships and intimacy.
Failure results in isolation and difficulty in
forming close connections.
MIDDLEAGE (Middle Adulthood)
•Transition age when adjustments to initial
physical and mental decline are experienced.
•During this stage, adults focus on contributing to
society and helping the next generation.
Generativity is achieved through raising children,
being productive at work, and being involved in
community activities.
OLD AGE
• Retirement age when increasingly rapid
physical and mental decline.
• In the final stage, individuals reflect on their
lives. If they feel fulfilled and have a sense of
accomplishment, they experience integrity. If
they have regrets and feel that their lives
were wasted, they may experience despair
and fear death.
Developmental Challenges/
Changes in Adolescence
Challenges/ EARLY (10 – 14) MIDDLE (15 – 17) LATE (18 – 21)
Changes ADOLESCENCE ADDOLESCENCE ADOLESCENCE
Biological • Developmental • Development of • Hormones
Challenges changes and body shape and stabilizing, and
the onset of physical changes their body
puberty as from puberty maturing.
indicated by continues
growth spurt
(rapid increase
in height and
body size).
Challenges/ EARLY ADOLESCENCE MIDDLE (15 – 17) LATE ADOLESCENCE
Changes (10 – 14) ADDOLESCENCE (18 – 21)
Psychological • Focusing on clear, • The concrete • Complex abstract
Challenges straightforward thinking, but thinking;
rules and early moral identification of
understanding concepts. difference between
right and wrong • Progression of law and morality.
in simple terms. sexual identity • Recognizing and
• Development of development. experiencing
sexual identity. • The awakening oneself as a more
• Possible of sexual of independent
preferences; peer heterosexuality. individual.
interest. • Development of
personal identity.
Challenges/ EARLY (10 – 14) MIDDLE (15 – 17) LATE ADOLESCENCE
Changes ADOLESCENCE ADDOLESCENCE (18 – 21)
Social • Start of • The first tentative • Form and maintain
Challenges strong peer interest and truly intimate
identification approach towards relationships with
his group the opposite sex others whose beliefs,
activities are usually takes place. ideals, and motives he
primarily • The awakening of can see and respect as
with heterosexuality clearly as he does his
members of that often disrupts own.
his own sex previous peer • Development of
groupings and vocational capability
intimate and financial
friendships independence’
Challenges/ EARLY ADOLESCENCE MIDDLE (15 – 17) LATE (18 – 21)
Changes (10 – 14) ADDOLESCENCE ADOLESCENCE
Behavioral • Behavior may • This is the stage • More able to
Challenges become more when be selective
chaotic and adolescent and
unpredictable, and rebellion starts. discriminating
the person might be • Period of in his
less willing to follow irritability, wide relationships.
their parents' or mood swings,
others' rules. and rapidly
• Experience big mood changing
swings and often feelings.
feel mistreated or
unloved.
Developmental Tasks of
Adolescence
 Developmental Tasks of Adolescence
Early Adolescence Middle Adolescence Late Adolescence
➢ Developing self- ➢ Accepting one's physique ➢ Preparing adult life
concept ➢ Increase self-direction ➢ Crystallize their
➢ Achieving ➢ Achieving mature relations with vocational goals
personal both sexes ➢ Psychologically
independence ➢ Achieving a masculine or independent from their
➢ Developing feminine social role parents
acceptable attitudes ➢ Establish psychological ➢ Shift to adulthood is
toward society independence from one’s parents nearly complete
➢ Learning to get ➢ Desiring and achieving socially ➢ Preparing for marriage
along with peers responsible behavior and family life
➢ Preparing for an
economic career