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Phy Lab 1st Cycle

Physics lab experiments

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12 views23 pages

Phy Lab 1st Cycle

Physics lab experiments

Uploaded by

owlledge0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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16 CoreExperimertatPiyses Experimen rcrROMETER : P ene Aim ‘To determine the constanis given prism > Apparatus “The spectrometer, prism, re reading lamp. = pear To find A and B prove ‘corresponding to wayelengt ‘Then we may write coher, we get Core Experimental Physica Il U To find the Angle of the prism A’ Readngof sr | vse Ansle of the prism A’ =... ‘To find j: of different colours Core Experimental Pysics-l 19) Tain Ten nttaed | Rates oamaienes | Dalam, = me, x noes ake vet | vera vee eel eon aA ee reap seeee= the Cauchy’s constants Workingformula (i) Gi) B neatly 4O.-n) Ae 20 © Core Experimental Physics - MW ‘The refractive index for different wavelet minimum deviation for the corresponding Wa poe) Bate ——— ren KO aths may be found after finding satengths (colour) using the rela sin where q° is the angle of the prism. The symbol is changed not to confuse W ‘ith Cauel sonstant. Procedure The preliminary adjustments of the spectrometer are made and the angle of the prism is then first determined as described in expt. No. 5 (see page no. 35). The prism is then adjusted to obtain the refracted image. In the spectrum we get gle of minimum deviation D for various jous colours are various colours from violet to red. The a colours are determined. Using this D's, the refractive indices for determined by using equation 6. Assuming the values of the wave length }, from the tables given at the appendix} for any two colours the values of A and B are calculated. This may be repeated for J other pairs of colours. The mean values of A and B are then found out | A graph may be drawn as described earlier and the values of A and B may alsobe obtained from the graph. z Result The Cauchy's constants are j A=——-- (From calculation) j -(Erom graph) | m’ }From calculation) -in? Nrom graph) j \ i } { Core Experimental Physics! 147 Experiment No. 24(a) SONOMETER - FREQUENCY OF AC Aim ‘To find the frequency of alternating curre electromagnet, nt (AC) by using sonometer and an Apparatus A sonometer with soft iron wire stretched over it, an electromagnet. a step down transformer (220--6V), slotted half kilogram weights, a hanger, a physical Balance and a weight box. Theory Leta wire of length / and mass per unit length m be stretched T called the tension in the string. If itis set into transverse vibrations in mode, then the frequency n of the note emitted by it is given by by applying a force 1 [r We es qd) 2i\m Now if an alternating current is passed through an electroma t will be temporarily magnetised twice in every cycle, firstly one of its faces becomes pole and secondly the same face becomes south pole. If the sonometer wire is with its middle point very close to the pole, it will be attracted towards ¢ electromagnet, at the moment it is magnetised and thrown back wt electromagnetism is lost. In each cycle of AC, the wire is pulled and rel because the steel wire is always attracted by the electromagnet, wh close to the wire becomes a south pole or a north pole. If the length and the Tis so adjusted that is it set into resonant vibrations by the AC, the frequency of AC will be half that of vibration of the wire. If m is the frequency of the sonometer wire ased twice thrown into resonant vibrations in fundamental mode, then the frequency of AC is n ar Procedure Place the sonon er in a working table in a convenient position the Pulley projects beyond the edge of the table. Stretch the ee : ~~ be = ‘load of kg. Support the electromagnet ina stand and connect the electiomagner © the secondary of the (20V -6V) step down transformer, Adjust the position Of th lust the position of the Teal No. core xpenmenal PE H ‘sup 00 leewomagre = —wesset) fo the mudate of HE 4 dereramation ror an the expen of AC .€. f= 50% he standard value: 150 Core Exertertt Pani Experiment No24) owometen FREQUEN OF AC | = ymeter and a he | To find the frequency of alte sonometer onesie caps Apparatus e-and suspend a passing over the 1), Connect the sonometer ips down the 220V to 6V) as fa the middlcof the sonometet symbols have their usual meanings. 1 Vm ocking formula, Frequency f Core Experimental Physics Il 79. ment No. 13 (a) 4 VARIATION OF FIELD WITH DISTANCE ee ee ee Aim i ‘To study the variation of magnetic flux density along the axis of a cireular coil carrying current. Apparatus Circular coil apparatus, an ammeter, a commutator, a rheostat and a battery (2). ; ‘The circular coil apparatus consists of a few turns of insulated copper wire wound ce vera wooden circular frame which is fixed vertically, A horizontal wooden base poses through the circular frame, A compass box is placed on the platform with its Fepure along the axis of the coil. This can be moved along the length of the horizon- ‘ul wooden base and can be fixed at any position experi he ted. Theory When a current passes through a coil, a magnetic field is produced along the axis ofthe coil, [f the magnetic Tux density on The axis of the circufar coit B-andthe. (fis horizontal flux density B,, act on sti needle in perpendicular direc- fen we have = a tion tic B=B,, tan Q, called tangent law ‘The flux density B at a point on the axis of a circular coil is given by pNla? the = AGS) where N= number of turns of the coil I > current through the coil a — the radius of the coil nce of the point from the centre of the coil x — isthe dis! x varies B also varies. When B varies tan @ This expression shows that when ly the variation of B with distance we measure varies, since B_ a tan . Thus to stud tan g for various distances. A graph drawn between distance x and tan @ tellushow tic does B vary with distance. Procedure i | Connections are made as shown in figure. To make B and B,, perpendicular, | following adjustments must be made before starting the experiments. The compass Parallel to the plane of the col IDENT, Testor poecer eae 0-0. Now ee POF ‘west directions “After having made the pretinin rit switched 8 ‘deflection is about 6 The reali {aken. The current is reversed 29) four readings gives 0 comesrond ‘minium pointer are tk readings are taken. The average is ah ‘est side of the cil tions gives @ correspond distance x. We can con tan corresponding to each distance for cach between distance x and tan . This els us how does tance. Result ‘Vaniation of magnetic ux density rent has been studied. CIRCULAR COIL MOMENT OF AIMAGNET Current through the coil ‘Radius of the coil Distance ofthe point som the cence ofthe cil alan INS axis of the coil. “bat x, which comes along the north-south Tt 08 such 86 ConeExpeiners vee a ok oD =e net pe centre of be ‘such thatthe deflection n the compass the magnet tothe cenire ofthe compas [Now remove the magnet gently. Ensure th jum pointer reads 0-0. Core Experimental Physcs-II 87 ‘other side of the compass box and the deflections 1 Let these distances bed and d, Themean ofthe fOr ‘noted as 1, The radius of he eof the coil by using a twine, Then Whe callus 88 Coreesperrerts et Experiment No. 1%)

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