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Plutonism and Volcanism

Science11

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58 views17 pages

Plutonism and Volcanism

Science11

Uploaded by

ryan11gallo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENDOGENIC PROCESS:

PLUTONISM AND
VOLCANISM
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Compare and contrast the formation of the different
types of igneous rocks (S11/12ES-Ic-18).

objectives
✓describe the different types of igneous rocks;
✓compare and contrast the formation of the
different types of igneous rocks; and
In previous lessons,
you were able to learn that there are three
types of rocks namely igneous, sedimentary
and metamorphic rocks.
Igneous rock forms when magma
cools and solidifies.

They are divided into two groups


on the basis of how they form.
plutonism and volcanism
plutonism
– the formation of intrusive igneous rocks
or plutonic rocks
volcanism
– the formation of extrusive igneous rocks
or volcanic rocks
plutonism
How do intrusive igneous rocks form?

when magma solidifies within Earth


plutonism
Intrusive rocks are
sometimes called
plutonic rocks after Pluto,
the ancient Greek god of
the underworld.
volcanism
How do extrusive igneous rocks form?

when magma erupts and


solidifies on Earth’s surface
volcanism
Because extrusive rocks are so
commonly associated with
volcanoes, they are also called
volcanic rocks. Vulcan was the
Greek god of fire.
plutonism and volcanism
• The grain size in igneous rocks is the most important
factor in rock texture.
• The texture of a rock refers to the size, shape, and
arrangement of its mineral grains, or crystals.
• Some igneous rocks consist of mineral grains that are
too small to be seen with the naked eye; others are
made up of thumb-size or even larger crystals.
plutonism and volcanism
One of the most striking differences between volcanic and plutonic
rocks is the contrast in their textures. How do these rocks differ in
textures?
plutonism and volcanism
Why is there a difference in grain size in
igneous rocks?

rate of cooling
plutonism and volcanism
Volcanic rocks are usually
fine-grained, whereas
plutonic rocks are medium
or coarse-grained.
plutonism and volcanism
The difference exists because crystals grow slowly
as magma solidifies. Volcanic magma cools rapidly
on the Earth’s surface and solidifies before crystals
have time to grow to a large size.
In contrast, plutonic magma cools slowly within the
crust, and crystals have a long time to grow to larger
sizes.
plutonism and volcanism
What is in Bowen’s reaction series?

the order in which minerals crystallize


from a cooling magma
Now, based on our discussion,
what is/are the similarities and
differences between plutonism
and volcanism?

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