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Marriage in the
Old Testament Marriage in the Old Testament
marriage is rooted in the Creation by Yahweh, the union of
man and woman was protected by the laws that governed the early Israelite society and is intertwined with its history. Marriage and family, in ancient Jewish practice, have been one of the defining institutions of Judaism for almost a thousand years The stages of the Jewish marriage in the Old Testament consisted of:
[1] a contract or betrothal stage, in which the terms of
responsibility and payment were determined; the stage consists of the wedding dowry or engagement gift which was usually offered by the bride‘s father
[2] the consummation stage also known as the chuppah
stage, wherein the bride and groom would consummate their union in the chuppah, or bridal chamber; and lastly,
[3] the seven blessings and the marriage supper, which
includes seven days of feasting as a celebration of the marriage while the seven blessings were recited over the couple
Since the Israelites give high regard to kinship, the
choosing of a wife by either the parents or the groom himself usually is influenced by relationships with family and the welfare of the tribe..
In choosing an ideal woman, the book of Proverbs
presents an image of an ideal woman..
With regard to the authority between the husband and wife
relationship, many would think that since the Israelite society followed a patriarchal framework, it would follow that the husband is the master or owner of the family and of his wife‘s person as well. This belief, framed under the title of the husband: ―ba‟al” focuses more on the procreative responsibilities of the wife in the marriage.
Once the wife becomes a mother, the role of motherhood
becomes a patent of nobility for the woman where she acquires a place in the family as well as a share in the authority of the husband over the children. And even though the authority of the father supersedes those of the mother as regards the welfare of the family, the father and mother are still mentioned together and given the same manner of respect by the children
Covenant: A Marriage between God and His people
Marriage in the Old Testament mirrors the marriage of
Israel with Yahweh. Throughout the scriptures
This marriage between Yahweh and Israel presents God
as the compassionate and patient husband who loves his wife even in times of great conflict and aggravation. He maintains His steadfastness in His covenant with His people despite their many flaws and abuses
With the unfaithfulness of Israel in contrast to the steadfast
love of Yahweh, Jeremiah recognizes this adultery of Israel and calls for a journey of penitence, reconciliation and renewal of the broken bond between them and God. This renewed relationship is exemplified in the introduction of a new covenant made by Yahweh.
Jeremiah also employed God‘s falling in love with His
people for he was loyal in His love to His people. The people went after other lovers and made sacrifices to other gods. Jeremiah, nevertheless, felt that love was the very foundation stone for the idea of Covenant. God alone was Divine, Husband and Protector, and Israel was exclusively his.
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