73

Ch.5 - Complex Numbers Complex Numbers

WORKSHEET-I
3
1 
1.  + 3i 
3 
 1 
2.  −2 − i 
 3 
3. 5 + 3i
4. Express the following expression in the form of a + ib :
(3 + i 5)(3 − i 5)
( 3 + 2i ) − ( 3 − i 2)
−6  2 2 
5. Convert the complex number into polar form. [ 8  cos + i sin ]
1+ i 3  3 3 
6. –1–i
7. 3 +i

8. Find the modulus and argument of the complex numbers:

1+ i
(i)
1− i
1  −
(ii) [(i) (ii) ]
1+ i 2 4
3 + 2i sin 
9. Find real θ such that is purely real. [  = n , n  Z ]
1 − 2i sin 
i −1  5 5 
10. Convert the complex number in the polar form. [ 2  cos + i sin ]
   12 12 
cos + i sin
3 3
11. For any two complex numbers z1 and z2, prove that Re (z1 z2) = Re z1 Re z2 – Imz1 Imz2.
a − ib a 2 + b2
prove that ( x 2 + y 2 ) = 2
2
12. If x − iy =
c − id c + d2
13. Convert the following in the polar form:
1 − 7i
(i)
(2 − i)2
1 + 3i
(ii)
1 − 2i
14. Let z1 = 2 – i, z2 = –2 + i. Find
zz 
(i) Re  1 2 
 z1 
 1 
(ii) Im  
 z1 z1 
u v
15. If (x + iy)3 = u + iv, then show that + = 4( x 2 − y 2 )
x y
 −
16. If α and β are different complex numbers with β =1, then find
1 − 
17. If (a + ib) (c + id) (e + if) (g + ih) = A + iB, then show that
(a2 + b2) (c2 + d2) (e2 + f 2) (g2 + h2) = A2 + B2
Mathematics-XI 74

WORKSHEET-II

i592 + i590 + i588 + i586 + i584

1. Find the value of . [–1]
i582 + i580 + i578 + i576 + i574
2. If x = a + b, y = a + b and z = a + b , where  and  are complex cube roots of unity, show
that xyz = a 3 + b3 .
17 17
 −1 + i 3   −1 − i 3 
3. Prove that 
 
 +   = −1.
 2   2 
4. Graph the complex numbers on the Argand plane 3 + 2i, − 4 − 5i, − 5, 1 − 2i

5. Express the numbers in the form r ( cos + i sin  ) :

(i) 1 + i tan  [ sec ( cos  + i sin  ) ]

    
(ii) 1 − sin  + i cos  [ r ( cos  + i sin  ) , f = 2  cos − sin ,  = + ]
 2 2 4 2
6. Find the square root of following:
(i) 7 − 24i [  ( 4 − 3i ) ]

(ii) −5 + 12i [  ( 2 + 3i ) ]

(iii) 4ab − 2 ( a 2 − b2 ) i [  ( a + b ) − i ( a − b )  ]

1  1  1 
(iv) x2 + + 4i  x −  − 6 [  x − + 2i  ]
 x  
2
x x
7. Find x and y in the following equations:

(i) ( x + iy )( 2 − 3i ) = 4 + i

(ii)
(1 + i ) x − 2i + ( 2 − 3i ) y + i = i [(i) x =
5
, y=
14
(ii) x = 3, y = −1 ]
3+i 3−i 13 13
8. Express the following in the form of a + ib

5 + 2i
(i)
1 − 2i

(1 − i ) [(i) 1 + 2 2i (ii) −4 ]
4
(ii)

9. For any two complex numbers z1 and z2 , prove that Re ( z1 z2 ) = Re z1 Re z2 − Im z1 Im z2 .

10. If ( a + ib )( c + id )( e + if )( g + ih) = A + iB, then find value of

(a 2
+ b2 )( c2 + d 2 )( e2 + f 2 )( g 2 + h2 ) . [ A2 + B2 ]

11. Find the value of 4

−64. [ 2 (1  i ) ]
3 + 2i sin 
12. Find the real  such that is purely real. [  = n ]
1 − 2i sin 
75 Complex Numbers

13. Find the conjugate of

( 3 − 2i )( 2 + 3i ) . [
63 16
+ i]
(1 + 2i )( 2 − i ) 25 25
14. Find modulus of the following complex numbers:
1 + 2i
(i)
1 − 3i
1+ i 1− i 1
(ii) − [(i) (ii) 2 ]
1− i 1+ i 2
15. Find argument of following complex numbers:
1+ i
(i)
1− i
 5
(ii) − 3 −i [(i) (ii) − ]
2 6
16. Put the following complex numbers in polar form :
1 + 2i 1  3 3 
(i) [  cos + i sin ]
1 − 3i 2 4 4 

  
(ii) 1+ i [ 2  cos + i sin ]
 4 4
17. If 2z −1 = z − 2 , then find value of z . [1]

18. If x = 2 i − 1 find the value of x4 + 4 x3 + 6 x2 + 4 x + 9. [12]

19. ( )( )
Express 1 + a 2 1 + b2 as sum of two squares. [ (1 − ab ) + ( a + b ) ]
2 2

(1 + i ) .
4 n +5

20. Find the value of [2]

(1 − i )
4 n +3

z1 + z2 + 1 4 5
21. If z1 = 2 − i, z2 = 1 + i, find [ ]
z1 − z2 + 1 5
22. Let z1 = 2 − i, z2 = −2, find
zz   1 
(i) Re  1 2  (ii) Im  
 z1   z1 z1 
−2
[(i) (ii)0]
5

+ = 4 ( x2 − y 2 )
a b
If ( x + iy ) = a + ib, then show that
3
23.
x y
 −
24. If  and  are different complex numbers with  = 1, then find . [1]
1 − 
Find the number of non-zero integral solutions of the equation 1 − i = 2x.
x
25. [0]
Mathematics-XI 76

WORKSHEET-III

1. Express the following in the form a + ib :

1  5
(i) (−5i)  i  [ + 0i ]
8  8
3
 1  1
(ii) (−i)(2i)  − i  [0+ i]
 8  256

 3 
(iii) (5i )  − i  [ 3 + 0i ]
 5 
(iv) i 9 + i19 [ 0 + 0i ]
(v) i −39 [ 0 + 1.i ]
(vi) (1 − i ) 4 [ −4 + 0i ]
2. Express each of the following in the form a + ib
3
 1  22 107
(i)  −2 − i  [− − i]
 3  3 27

(ii) (5 − 3i)3 [ −10 − 198i ]

(iii) (− 3 + −2(2 3 − i) [ ( 2 − 6) + ( 3 + 2 6)i ]

3. Express each one of the following
1 3 4
(i) [ + i]
3 − 4i 25 25

5 + 4i 40 9
(ii) [ − i]
4 + 5i 41 41

(1 + i)2 1 3
(iii) [− + i]
3−i 5 5
(3 − 2i)(2 + 3i)
(iv)
(1 + 2i)(2 + i)

1 2 3
(v) [− − i]
−2 + −3 7 7
 1 3  3 + 4i  1 9
(vi)  +   [ + i]
 1 − 2i 1 + i  2 − 4i  4 4
1 1 − cos  −2sin 
(vii) [   
+i
]

1 − cos  + 2i sin   2 − 2cos  + 3sin 2    2 − 2cos  + 3sin 2  

(3 + i 5)(3 − i 5) 7
(viii) [0− i]
( 3 + 2i) − −3 − i 2) 2
77 Complex Numbers

−11 2
4. Express (1 − 2i ) −3 in the standard form a + ib [ − i]
125 125
5. Perform the indicated operation and find the result in the form a + ib
2 − −25 22 3
(i) [ + i]
1 − −16 17 17

3 − −16 3 1
(ii) [ + i]
1 − −9 2 2
6. Find the real values of x and y, if
(i) (3x − 7) + 2iy = −5 y + (5 + x)i [ x = −1, y = 2 ]
(ii) (1 − i) x + (1 + i) y = 1 − 3i [ x = 2, y = −1 ]

5 14
(iii) ( x + iy)(2 − 3i) = 4 + i [x= ,y ]
13 13
x −1 y −1
(iv) + =i [ x = −4, y = 6 ]
3+i 3−i
7. Find real values of x and y for which the following equalities hold:
(i) (1 + i) y 2 + (6 + i) = (2 + i) x [ x = 5, y = −2 ]

(ii) ( x 4 + 2 xi) − (3x 2 + iy) = (3 − 5i) + (1 + 2iy) [ x = −2, y = 1/ 3 ]

x y
If ( x + iy )1/3 = a + ib, x, y, ab  R . Show that + = 4( a + b ) . [ 4(a 2 − b 2 ) ]
2 2
8.
a b
9. Express the following complex numbers in the standard form. Also, find their conjugate:
1− i
(i) [ z = 0+i ]
1+ i

(1 + i)2 1 3
(ii) [z =− − i]
3−i 5 5

(2 + 3i) 2 22 19
(iii) [z =− − i]
2−i 5 5
10. Find real values of x and y for which the complex numbers −3 + ix 2 y and x 2 + y + 4i are conjugate of
each other [ x = −1, y = −4 ]
11. Find the real numbers x and y if ( x − iy)(3 + 5i) is the conjugate of −6 − 24i . [ x = 3, y = −3 ]

(a + i)2 (a 2 + 1) 2
12. If = p + iq , show that: p 2 + q 2 =
(2a − i) (4a 2 + 1)
( x + i)2 ( x 2 + 1) 2
13. If a + ib = , prove that a + b =
2 2

2 x2 + 1 (2 x 2 + 1) 2
a + ib a 2 + b2
14. If x + iy = , prove that: ( x 2 + y 2 )2 = 2
c + id c + d2
15. If (1 + i)(1 + 2i)(1 + 3i)...(1 + ni) = ( x + iy) , show that: 2.5.10…. (1 + n 2 ) = x 2 + y 2 .
2 z1 z − z2
16. If z1 , z 2 are complex numbers such that is purely imaginary number, then find 1 . [1]
3 z2 z1 + z2
Mathematics-XI 78

17. If x = −5 + 2 −4 , find the value of x4 + 9x3 + 35x2 − x + 4 [–160]

18. Find the value of x3 + 7 x2 − x + 16 , when x = 1 + 2i [ −17 + 24i ]
19. Prove that: x 4 + 4 = ( x + 1 + i )( x + 1 − i)( x − 1 + i)( x − 1 − i)
 1+ i 
n

20. Find the least positive value of n, if   =i [4]

 1− i 
3 + 2i sin 
21. Find real  such that is purely real. [  = n , n  z ]
1 − 2i sin 
22. If z = 2 − 3i , show that z 2 − 4 z + 13 = 0 and hence find the value of 4 z 3 − 3z 2 + 169 . [0]
 −
23. If  and  are different complex numbers with |  |= 1, find [1]
1 − 
3 1 3 1
24. Find all non-zero complex numbers z satisfying z = iz 2 . [ z = 0, i, − i, − − i]
2 2 2 2
25. If iz 3 + z 2 − z + i = 0 , then show that | z |= 1
26. Solve that equation z 2 + | z |= 0 , where z is a complex number

27. Find the multiplicative inverse of the following complex numbers:

1 1
(i) 1− i + i][
2 2
1 3
(ii) (1 + i 3) 2 [− −i ]
8 8

4 3
(iii) 4 − 3i [ + i]
25 25
5 3i
(iv) 5 + 3i [ − ]
14 14
28. Evaluate the following:
(i) x4 − 4x3 + 4x2 + 8x + 44 , when x = 3 + 2i
1+ i
(ii) x6 + x4 + x2 + 1, when x = [(i)12(ii)0]
2
z + z2 + 1 4
29. If z1 = 2 − i, z2 = 1 + i , find 1 [ ]
z1 − z2 + i 2
30. If z1 = 2 − i, z2 = 1 + i , find
zz   1  2
(i) Re  1 2  (ii) Im   [(i) − (ii)0]
 z1   z1 z1  5
1 + i cos 
31. Find the real values of q for which the complex number is purely real.
1 − 2i cos 

[  = 2n  ,nZ ]
2
 1+ i   1− i 
3 3

32. If   −  = x + iy , find (x, y) [(0, –2)]

 1− i   1+ i 
(1 + i)2 2
33. If = x + iy , find x + y. [ ]
2−i 5
79 Complex Numbers

 1− i 
100

34. If   = a + ib , find (a, b). [(1, 0)]

 1+ i 
1+ a 
35. If a = cos  + i sin  , find the value of [ i cot ]
1− a 2
36. Find the square roots of the following
(i) 7 − 24i (ii) 5 + 12i
[(i) (4 − 3i) (ii) (3 + 2i) ]
37. Find the square root of i.
1
[ (1 + i) ]
2
38. Write the following complex numbers in the polar form:
 3 3 
(i) −3 2 + 3 2i [ 6  cos + i sin ]
 4 4 
  
(ii) 1+ i [ 2  cos + i sin ]
 4 4
 3 3 
(iii) −1 − i [ 2  cos − i sin ]
 4 4 
  
(iv) 1− i [ 2  cos − i sin ]
 4 4
1 + 7i
39. Put the complex number in the form r (cos + i sin  ) , where r is a positive real number and
(2 − i ) 2
 3 3 
−     . [ 2  cos + i sin ]
 4 4 
40. Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and convert them in polar form:
1 + 2i 1  3 3 
(i) [  cos + i sin ]
1 − 3i 2 4 4 

i −1  5 5 
(ii) [ 2  cos + i sin ]
   12 12 
cos + i sin
3 3

1 + 3i  3 3 
(iii) [ 2  cos + i sin ]
1 − 2i  4 4 
41. Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in
the polar forms
 
(i) 1+ i [ 2(cos + i sin )]
4 4
 
(ii) 3 +i [ 2(cos + i sin ) ]
6 6
 
(iii) 1− i [ 2(cos − i sin )]
4 4
1− i  
(iv) [ (cos − i sin ) ]
1+ i 2 2
Mathematics-XI 80

1 1  
(v) [ (cos − i sin ) ]
1+ i 2 4 4
1 + 2i 1 3 3
(vi) [ (cos − i sin ) ]
1 − 3i 2 4 4
 
(vii) sin120º −i cos120º [ cos + i sin ]
6 6
−16  2 2 
(viii) [ 8  cos + i sin ]
1+ i 3  3 3 
[(
       
42. Express sin + i 1 − cos  in polar form [ 2sin  cos + i sin  ]
5  5 10  10 10 
 
43. Write (i 25 )3 in polar form [ cos − i sin ]
2 12

44. If     2 and z = 1 + cos  + i sin  , then write the value fo |z| [ −2 cos ]
2
i 4 n +1 − i 4 n −1
45. If n is any positive integer, write the value of . [i]
2
3 
46. Write the argument of –i. [ or − ]
2 2