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Parabola Solved

Parobola most difficult qn SAT

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72 views6 pages

Parabola Solved

Parobola most difficult qn SAT

Uploaded by

baralaayush7777
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

The function 𝒇 is defined by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄, where 𝒂, 𝒃 and 𝒄


are constants. The graph of 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙) in the 𝑥𝑦-plane passes through
the point (7,0) and (−3,0). If a is an integer greater than 1, which of
the following could be the value of 𝒂 + 𝒃?
A. -6 B. -3 C. 4 D. 5
Solution:
We know that the x-coordinate of the vertex of a parabola is given
𝑏
by −
2𝑎
We also know that the average of two x-intercepts gives the x-
coordinate of the vertex. Since (7,0) and (−3,0) are the x-intercepts.
7+(−3)
The average is =2
2
Equating both x-coordinates from I and II.
𝑏
− =2
2𝑎
−𝑏 = 4𝑎
𝑏 = −4𝑎
We need the value of 𝑎 + 𝑏.
Substituting 𝑏 = −4𝑎 in 𝑎 + 𝑏, we get
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑎 + (−4𝑎) = −3𝑎
It is also given that the value of 𝒂 > 𝟏,
Since, 𝑎 is positive, −3𝑎 has to be negative. Hence, we remove Option
C and D.
Now Option B is possible only if 𝑎 = 1, but given is 𝑎 > 1, hence
Option B is also wrong.
The Correct Answer is Option A
2. In the 𝑥𝑦-plane, a parabola has vertex (𝟗, −𝟏𝟒) and intersects the x-
axis at two points. If the equation of the parabola is written in the form
of 𝒚 = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄, where 𝒂, 𝒃 and 𝒄 are constants, which of the
following could be the value of 𝒂 + 𝒃 + 𝒄?
A. -23 B. -19 C. -14 D. -12
Solution:
The equation of a parabola in vertex form is given by
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘
Using vertex (9, −14) in the equation we get,
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 9)2 − 14
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 81) − 14
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 − 18𝑎𝑥 + 81𝑎 − 14
Comparing this with the given equation 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
We get,
𝑎=𝑎
𝑏 = −18𝑎
𝑐 = 81𝑎 − 14
Adding all these
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 64𝑎 − 14
Now, it is also given that the parabola intersects the x-axis at two points.
Since the parabola has vertex at (9, −14) in the IV quadrant. The parabola
has to open upward in order to intersect the x-axis as
shown in the figure.
We know that 𝑎 > 0 for such parabola.
We have four options for 64𝑎 − 14, lets check every
option so that the value of 𝑎 we get is positive.

64𝑎 − 14 = −23 doesn’t give 𝑎 > 0


64𝑎 − 14 = −19 doesn’t give 𝑎 > 0
64𝑎 − 14 = −14 doesn’t give 𝑎 > 0
64𝑎 − 14 = −12 gives 𝑎 > 0
The Correct answer is Option D.
3. x y
21 -8
23 8
25 -8

The table shows three values of 𝒙 and their corresponding value of 𝑦,


where 𝑦 = 𝒇(𝒙) + 𝟒 and 𝒇 is a quadratic function. What is the y-
coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝒇(𝒙) in the 𝑥𝑦 plane?

Solution:
METHOD I
The function 𝑓(𝑥) is a quadratic equation so it can be written as
𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
We need the intercept of 𝑓(𝑥), which is the value of 𝒄.
The tabulated data is for the function
𝑦 = 𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 4
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 + 4
Let’s plot the table and this 𝑦 function in Desmos as follows.

So, the answer we needed is the value of 𝑐 which is −2112


METHOD II
The given points are the points of a parabola with vertex at (23,8)
The equation in the vertex form is given by
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 23)2 + 8
To find the value of 𝑎, let’s plug in another point (21, −8) in the equation.
−8 = 𝑎(21 − 23)2 + 8
−16 = 4𝑎
𝑎 = −4
So, the equation becomes 𝑦 = −4(𝑥 − 23)2 + 8.
It is given that the parabola with given points has the equation of
𝑦 = 𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 4
So, equating 𝑦, we have
𝑓(𝑥 ) + 4 = −4(𝑥 − 23)2 + 8
𝑓(𝑥 ) = −4(𝑥 − 23)2 + 4
To find the 𝑦-intercept of the function, we plug in 𝑥 = 0.
𝑓(0) = −4(0 − 23)2 + 4
𝑓(0) = −2116 + 4
𝑓(0) = −2112
4. 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝒄
In the given quadratic function 𝑎 and 𝑐 are constants. The graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-plane is a parabola that opens upward and has a
vertex at the point (ℎ, 𝑘), where h and k are constants. If 𝑘 < 0 and
𝑓(−9) = 𝑓(3), which of the following must be true?
I. 𝑐<0
II. 𝑎 ≥ 1
A. I only
B. II only
C. Both I and II
D. Neither I and II

Solution:
Given 𝑓(−9) = 𝑓(3)
𝑎(−9)2 + 4(−9) + 𝑐 = 𝑎(3)2 + 4(3) + 𝑐
81𝑎 − 36 = 9𝑎 + 12
72𝑎 = 48
2
𝑎 = = 0.666
3
So, 𝑎 < 1 Hence, option II is wrong.
Now, substituting the value of 𝑎 in the equation.
2
𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 𝑐
3
It is also given that 𝑘 < 0,
To find 𝒌
𝑏 4
ℎ=− =− = −3
2𝑎 2
2( )
3
Substituting ℎ in the equation gives 𝑘
So,
2
𝑓(ℎ) = (−3)2 + 4(−3) + 𝑐
3
𝑘 = −6 + 𝑐
Since 𝑘 < 0 implies that −6 + 𝑐 < 0 which means 𝑐 < 6.
This doesn’t necessarily mean than c has to be less than 0.
So, Option I is also wrong.
The Correct Answer is Option D.

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