Activity Theory-Board Exam

SECTION-A
Activity-1
AIM
To assemble the components of a given electric circuit.
Apparatus Required
Resistor, ammeter, (0-1.5A) voltmeter (0-5V ), battery, one way key, rheostat, sand
paper, connecting wires.
DIAGRAM
Observation with Observation Table

𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ……..
Lest count of voltmeter = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 = …….. volt
Lest count of ammeter = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 = …….. ampere
Reading of voltmeter = ………x……..= ……. Volt
Reading of ammeter = ………x……..= ……. Ampere
Calculation
𝑉 ……..
Resistance of wire R = = …….. ohm
𝐼
Result
The components of the electrical circuit were assembled.
Activity-2
AIM
To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery,

resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that are not
connected in proper order and correct the circuit and also the circuit diagram.
Apparatus Required
A given open circuit comprising at least a cell or a battery, plug key, resistor, rheostat,
ammeter, voltmeter, connecting wires and sand paper.
DIAGRAM
Circuit diagram with errors
Correct circuit diagram
Observations
1. Voltmeter is connected in series with the circuit

2. Ammeter is connected in parallel combination to resistance.
Conclusion
In the given circuit the voltmeter was connected in series and ammeter parallel to the
resistance.
They were connected in proper order and the circuit connection was corrected.
Activity-3
AIM
To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off) switches, a fuse
and a power source.
Apparatus Required
Three bulbs, fuse, power source, main switch, connecting wires.
DIAGRAM B3 S3
B2 S2
B1 S1
K
Power
Source Fuse
Main
Switch
S. No. Electrical Appliance Power Rating Supply Voltage

1 Bulb 1 100 W 220 V
2 Bulb 2 100 W 220 V
3 Bulb 3 100 W 220 V
1. Bulbs B1 , B2 , B3 are connected in series with switches S1 , S2 and S3
respectively.
2. Bulbs B1 , B2 , B3 alongwith switches S1 , S2 , S3 are connected in parallel
with each other as shown in figure above.
3. Fuse is connected in series with the setup.
Calculation
Total power used in the circuit P = P1 + P2 + P3
P = 100 + 100 + 100 = 300 W

𝑃 300
Current in the circuit, I = = = 1.4 ampere
𝑉 220
I=P/V, I =300/220 = 1.36 A
Conclusion
According to the circuit diagram domestic circuit was constructed and switching on or
off of separate bulbs by separate switches was tested. Domestic circuit was correctly
made.
Activity-4
AIM
To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current.
Apparatus Required
Potentiometer, 2 volt battery, key, rheostat 0-2 V range voltmeter, connecting wires etc.
DIAGRAM
Observation
1. Lest count of voltmeter = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 = …….. volt
2. Reading of ammeter = ……. Amp
Observation Table
S. Length of Reading of voltmeter V volt Potential gradient

No potentiometer 𝑽
No. of V = n x L.C. (volt) 𝒙 = 𝒍 (volt/cm)
wire l (cm) deflected
divisions (n)
1 50
2 10
3 150
Calculation
𝑉
From the formula 𝑥 = 𝑙
…..
For I set 𝑥1 = = …….. volt/cm
…..
…..
For II set 𝑥2 = ….. = …….. volt/cm
…..
For III set 𝑥3 = ….. = …….. volt/cm
Result
𝑉
The value of the ratio 𝑥 = = ……. Volt/cm remains constant. Thus potential drop on
𝑙
the wire is proportional to its length.
SECTION – B
Activity-1
AIM
To study the effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of source) on light
dependent resistance (LDR).
Apparatus Required
An LDR, bulb with stand, optical bench, multimeter.
Observation Table
S. No. Distance between LDR & bulb Resistance of LDR

d (cm) R (ohm)
1
2
3
Result
From the observations it is clear that resistance of LDR decreases with increase in the
intensity of light.
Activity-2
AIM
To identify a diode, a LED, resistor and a capacitor from a mixed collection of such
items.
Apparatus Required
Mixed collection of diode, LED, a resistor, capacitor, multimeter etc.
Diagram
(A) Diode (B) LED (C) Resistor (D) Capacitor
S. No. S. no. of Observation Conclusion

component Based upon resistance
1 A Current flows in only one direction and it does not It is a Diode
emit light
2 B Current flows in only one direction and it emits It is a LED
light
3 C Current flows in both direction and value of It is a resistor
resistance are same in both directions
4 D When a capacitor is connected to a D.C. source, It is a capacitor
then multimeter shows full scale current initially
but it decay to zero quickly. It is because that
initially a capacitor draw a charge.
Result
In the devices arranged on the table
A is diode, B is LED, C is Resistor, D is Capacitor

Activity-3
AIM
To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely on a
glass slab.
Apparatus Required
Two polaroids sheets, source of light/sunlight, cardboard, pair of scissors, white paper,
glue.
Ray Diagram
Observations
1) Angle of incidence i=………

2) Lateral displacement d = …….cm
Result
1) Angle of incidence and angle of emergence are equal. Thus emergent ray is
parallel to incident ray.
2) After refraction the lateral displacement of incident ray is d = …….cm
Activity-4
AIM
To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely on a
glass slab.
Apparatus Required
Two polaroids sheets, source of light/sunlight, cardboard, pair of scissors, white paper,
glue.
Ray Diagram
Observations
S. No. Angle between axes of polarizer Intensity of light I

and analyzer polaroids
1 00 Maximum
2 Changing from 00 to 900 Decreases
3 900 Zero
4 Changing from 900 to 1800 Increases
5 1800 Maximum
6 Changing from 1800 to 2700 Decreases
7 2700 Zero
8 Changing from 2700 to 3600 Increases
9 3600 or again 00 Maximum
Result
In one complete round of analyzer polaroid the intensity of emergent light is found to
be maximum twice and zero twice. Thus, emergent light from polarizer polaroid is plane
polarized.

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SECTION-A

To assemble the components of a given electric circuit.

Observation with Observation Table

Reading of voltmeter = ………x……..= ……. Volt

Reading of ammeter = ………x……..= ……. Ampere

To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery,

Circuit diagram with errors

Correct circuit diagram

1. Voltmeter is connected in series with the circuit

Three bulbs, fuse, power source, main switch, connecting wires.

Observation with Observation Table

S. No. Electrical Appliance Power Rating Supply Voltage

Total power used in the circuit P = P1 + P2 + P3

P = 100 + 100 + 100 = 300 W

I=P/V, I =300/220 = 1.36 A

S. Length of Reading of voltmeter V volt Potential gradient

An LDR, bulb with stand, optical bench, multimeter.

S. No. Distance between LDR & bulb Resistance of LDR

(A) Diode (B) LED (C) Resistor (D) Capacitor

Observation with Observation Table

S. No. S. no. of Observation Conclusion

In the devices arranged on the table

A is diode, B is LED, C is Resistor, D is Capacitor

1) Angle of incidence i=………

S. No. Angle between axes of polarizer Intensity of light I

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