PIMPRI CHINCHWAD EDUCATION TRUST’S

PIMPRI CHINCHWAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

SECTOR NO. 26, PRADHIKARAN, NIGDI, PUNE- 411044

B. TECH PROJECT SYNOPSIS

Project ID: C16

“Seamless Car Parking System with IoT Messaging and Auto-Payments”

Project Group Members:

Name of the Student Roll. No.

1) Bhaktvatsal Thakur BTETC212
2) Abhay Jogdand BTETC216
3) Ashfak Shaikh BTETC221

Prof. A. A. Shrivastav Prof. Rajani P.K. Dr. Mahesh Kolte

Project Guide Project Coordinator Head of Department

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION

B.TECH. (E&TC)
2023-24
 ABSTRACT

This project proposes an innovative solution for revolutionizing traditional car parking systems
by integrating Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to create a Seamless Car Parking System.
The key features include real-time communication, secure identification through RFID
technology, and automated payment processes for an enhanced user experience. The system
employs RFID technology for efficient and secure vehicle identification, allowing seamless
entry and exit from parking facilities. Integration with IoT ensures continuous communication
between parking infrastructure, users' vehicles, and a central management system. This enables
dynamic updates on parking space availability, ensuring users can make informed decisions
before arriving at the facility. It also consists of a ESP8266 module that allows the user to
recharge the ParkTag remotely and display the sufficient balance for the user by sending
messages on his phone. Auto-payments streamline the transaction process, eliminating the need
for manual payment handling. The system automatically calculates parking fees based on the
duration of the stay and deducts the appropriate amount from the user's pre-registered payment
method i.e., from ParkTag something similar to FASTag. This not only reduces waiting times
at exit points but also adds a layer of convenience for users. The proposed IoT-based solution
addresses challenges related to traditional parking systems, such as inefficient space utilization,
manual payment hassles, and lack of real-time information. The project's focus on user-centric
design ensures that the parking experience becomes not just a necessity but an enjoyable and
seamless part of the overall journey.
 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background

The Project proposed is the key to the IoT based solution with IoT Messaging and Auto-
Payments begins against the backdrop of urbanization and the increasing challenges faced by
traditional car parking systems. As cities continue to grow, the demand for efficient and user-
friendly parking solutions has become more pronounced. Traditional parking systems often
grapple with issues such as limited space utilization, manual payment processes leading to
congestion, and a lack of real-time communication with users.
Urban dwellers, accustomed to seamless digital experiences in various aspects of their lives,
expect similar conveniences in the realm of parking. This necessitates the integration of cutting-
edge technologies to transform conventional parking into a more streamlined and user-centric
experience. The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) and RFID technology offers a promising
avenue for addressing these challenges, providing opportunities for real-time communication,
secure identification, and automated payment processes.
This emphasizes the need for a paradigm shift in parking management, one that aligns with the
fast-paced and interconnected nature of modern urban living. It highlights the limitations of
existing systems and sets the stage for the introduction of a Seamless Car Parking System that
leverages IoT messaging and auto-payments to redefine the parking experience. The integration
of these technologies aims to not only enhance user convenience but also optimize space
utilization, reduce congestion, and contribute to a more sustainable and efficient urban
infrastructure.
Moreover, the system incorporates IoT messaging to provide users with real-time notifications
regarding parking availability, payment status, and other relevant information. This proactive
communication enhances user convenience and contributes to the overall efficiency of the parking
experience.
1.2 Problem Statement

Seamless Car Parking System with IoT Messaging and Auto-Payments: Improper parking,
leading to cramped spaces, poses a risk of collisions between vehicles. Insufficient parking
availability contributes to traffic jams and frustrates drivers. Tailgating, the act of one vehicle
closely following another without proper identification, is a common issue. Often, gates are
left open, allowing unrestricted vehicle access due to a flawed identification system. Security
officers lack control over permitting specific vehicles onto the property. Manual gate operation
depends on guard presence, resulting in security vulnerabilities. Locating an open parking spot
manually in a large lot is a time-consuming and frustrating task. The manual parking system
involves issuing tokens, tracking entry and exit times, fee calculations, and collecting
payments. Given the soaring land prices in cities, it is essential for parking solutions to
maximize space usage. In major cities, individuals spend 10 to 15 percent of their time
searching for parking spaces, emphasizing the need for an efficient and space-effective parking
system.

1.3 Motivation / Need of project

The title "Seamless Car Parking System with IoT Messaging and Auto-Payments" defines a
parking system that is designed to be smooth, continuous, and free of interruptions or difficulties.
Here's a breakdown:
Seamless Car Parking System: The system aims to provide a smooth and efficient experience
for users when it comes to parking their cars.
IoT Messaging: The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) implies that the system uses
interconnected devices to communicate. In this context, it could involve sending messages or
notifications to users, possibly regarding parking availability, payment status, or other relevant
information.
Auto-Payments: The system is designed for automatic payments, meaning users don't have to
manually handle transactions. This could involve automatic deductions from a pre-registered
payment method based on the parking duration.
In summary, the title suggests a need for a modern and convenient parking system that leverages
technology (IoT) to enhance the user experience by providing seamless parking and automated
payment processes.
1.4 Objective and Scope of the Project

The primary objective of implementing the Seamless Car Parking System with auto-payments
and IoT messaging is to overcome the inherent challenges of traditional parking systems and
introduce a technologically advanced solution that optimizes efficiency, enhances user
experience, and ensures secure and seamless operations. The key goals include:
Efficient Space Utilization and manage traffic: Design a system that maximizes the use of
available parking space, reducing congestion, and creating an organized and optimized parking
layout. This is accomplished through real-time communication with users, guiding them to
available parking spots promptly.
Automated Operations: Introduce auto-payments to streamline the payment process,
eliminating manual transactions and reducing waiting times at exit points for a more convenient
and efficient experience.
Real-time Communication: Utilize IoT messaging to provide users with real-time information
about parking availability, payment status, and any relevant updates, enhancing the overall user
experience.
 2. LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 Literature Survey

Sr. Title of the Year of Publisher Methodology Conclusion

No. Paper Publication
1 An IoT based 2021 IEEE The app allows IoT driven
Smart Outdoor easy parking spot outdoor parking
Parking System booking, live system with a
updates, and user-friendly
secure payments app, streamlining
via QR codes. A spot availability
weighbridge load and payment.
sensor ensures The sensor-based
payment approach
confirmation enhances
before vehicle security, reduces
departure. complexity and
accuracy.
2 Smart Parking 2020 IJERT This Paper The system helps
System based proposes a users find and
on IOT system flow book nearby
includes user parking, with
authentication at online payment
login , dashboard functionality,
access for aiming to reduce
parking booking time and traffic
and online congestion
payment , QR
code
authentication at
the parking lot
and user logout..
3 Innovation 2020 IEEE This system is Its architecture
Architecture designed in a aims to reduce
Smart Car program that will traffic and
Parking System record every car queues in
with Wireless that joins the parking spaces,
Sensor system and give enhancing driver
Networks them a sensor so comfort and
that users can efficiency.
detect them in the
system whenever
they want to go
for parking.
4 Towards Smart 2020 IEEE The proposed It introduces an
City through system, utilizing innovative
Virtualized and an Arduino system with user
Computerized microcontroller, identification, a
 Car parking cloud server, new algorithm
System using ultrasonic sensor, (IOTPS), and a
Arduino in the and IR sensor, vision for
Internet of aims to developing
Things efficiently intelligent and
manage parking aesthetically
by examining pleasing cities to
availability status mitigate traffic
and facilitating congestion and
user detection of optimize parking
parking spaces space utilization.
through a mobile
application.
5 Smart Car 2019 IEEE It consists of two Low-cost smart
Parking types of user VIP car parking
Management and regular users. systems provide
System System provides an affordable
a flexible parking solution for
rate that can be improving
configured by the parking
administrators of conditions,
the system. utilizing readily
available
components.
6 Smart Parking 2019 IEEE The paper The system
System for presents a achieves a 95%
Monitoring straightforward accuracy rate in
Cars and smart parking detecting parking
Wrong Parking system utilizing status, providing
Arduino, a practical
Ultrasonic solution for
sensors, PIR managing
motion sensors, parking spaces
DC motors, and with minimal
Nextion display cost and sensor
to monitor and deployment.
address parking
issues, including
wrong parking.
7 Smart Car 2018 IEEE It proposes an The study
Parking System alternative smart introduces a
Solution for the car parking smart parking
Internet of system that system designed
Things in Smart locally collects to enhance user
Cities and filters raw efficiency in
data, providing locating parking
users with real- spaces, reduce
time information overall
on parking transportation
availability, costs, and
 minimizing minimize energy
search time, and consumption in
addressing road the perception
traffic congestion layer
issues through
efficient data
processing and
machine learning
algorithms.

Table 2.1: Literature Survey Table for IEEE Papers

Summary of Literature survey

The first paper introduces an IoT-driven outdoor parking system with a user-friendly app,
enabling easy booking, live updates, and secure payments via QR codes. The second paper, from
IJERT in 2020, proposed an IoT-based smart parking system, streamlining user authentication,
booking, and online payment processes to reduce time and traffic congestion. The third paper
focuses on an innovative smart car parking system architecture with wireless sensor networks to
detect parking availability, aiming to reduce traffic and enhance driver comfort. The fourth paper
focuses on virtualized and computerized car parking systems using Arduino aimed to contribute
to smart city development by optimizing parking space utilization and mitigating traffic
congestion. The fifth paper, published by IEEE in 2019, introduced a smart car parking
management system with flexible rates for VIP and regular users, providing a cost-effective
solution. The sixth paper detailed a smart parking system utilizing Arduino and sensors, achieving
a 95% accuracy rate and efficiently managing parking spaces with minimal cost. “Smart Car
Parking System Solution for the Internet of Things in Smart Cities” proposed a smart car parking
system for IoT in smart cities, locally collecting data to minimize search time, address traffic
congestion, and reduce energy consumption through efficient data processing.
All these studies share a common theme of leveraging technology, such as IoT, wireless sensors,
and low-cost components, to enhance the efficiency and user experience of parking systems. The
studies collectively propose solutions that can be locally hosted or integrated with cloud servers,
providing flexibility based on specific implementation needs.The future enhancements mentioned
in the literature survey include the introduction of image processing for vehicle number plate
recognition, improving accuracy in parking spot localization, and real-time visualization for
users.
The overarching goal across the studies is to offer innovative and cost-effective solutions to
address challenges in the current parking infrastructure, ultimately leading to more efficient and
user-friendly parking experiences
 3. METHODOLOGY

3.1 Block diagram

Figure 3.1: Block Diagram of Proposed Idea

3.2 Hardware specifications / requirements

NodeMCU:

Figure 3.2: Pin Diagram of NodeMCU ESP8266

Node MCU is an open-source Lua based firmware and development board specially targeted
for IoT based Applications. It includes firmware that runs on the ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC from
Espressif Systems, and hardware which is based on the ESP-12 module.
The NodeMCU ESP8266 development board comes with the ESP-12E module containing
ESP8266 chip having Tensilica Xtensa 32-bit LX106 RISC microprocessor.
This microprocessor supports RTOS and operates at 80MHz to 160 MHz adjustable clock
frequency. NodeMCU has 128 KB RAM and 4MB of Flash memory to store data and
programs. Its high processing power with in-built Wi-Fi / Bluetooth and Deep Sleep
Operating features make it ideal for IoT projects.
NodeMCU can be powered using Micro USB jack and VIN pin (External Supply Pin). It
supports UART, SPI, and I2C interface.

RFID reader:

Figure 3.3: RFID reader for identifying radio frequency of vehicles

An RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) reader is a device that uses radio frequency signals
to wirelessly communicate with and retrieve data from RFID tags or transponders. RFID
technology is widely used for identification, tracking, and data collection purposes in various
industries.
RFID systems may incorporate security measures, such as encryption, to protect the data being
transmitted between the RFID reader and the tags.
IR sensor:

Figure 3.4: IR Sensors installed in each parking slots

An Infrared (IR) sensor is a device that detects and measures infrared radiation in its
surrounding environment. Infrared radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation with
wavelengths longer than those of visible light, typically in the range of 700 nm to 1 mm. IR
sensors are widely used in various applications for detecting the presence or absence of objects,
measuring temperature, and detecting motion.

Servo Motor:

Figure 3.5: Servo motors to be used with barrier gates

A servo motor is an electromechanical device that uses feedback control to precisely control
its angular position, speed, and sometimes acceleration.Servo motors typically consist of a DC
motor, gears, a feedback mechanism (potentiometer or encoder), and a control circuit.
Common servo motors have a range of 90 to 180 degrees.Servo motors may support various
communication protocols, such as Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), which is commonly used
for control signals.
16x2 LCD Module:

Figure 3.6: LCD display installed at entry gate to display which parking slot is vacant

We come across LCD displays everywhere around us. Computers, calculators, television
sets, mobile phones, digital watches use some kind of display to display the time. An LCD is
an electronic display module which uses liquid crystal to produce a visible image. The 16×2
LCD display is a very basic module commonly used in diys and circuits. The 16×2 translates
o a display 16 characters per line in 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in a
5×7 pixel matrix.RS(Register select) A 16X2 LCD has two registers, namely, command and
data. The register select is used to switch from one register to other. RS=0 for command
register, whereas RS=1 for data register.

3.3 Software specifications / requirements

Proteus:
The Proteus Design Suite is a proprietary software tool suite used primarily for electronic
design automation. The software is used mainly by electronic design engineers and
technicians to create schematics and electronic prints for manufacturing printed circuit
boards. Schematic capture in the Proteus Design Suite is used for both the simulation of designs
and as the design phase of a PCB layout project. It is therefore a core component and is
included with all product configurations. The microcontroller simulation in Proteus works by
applying either a hex file or a debug file to the microcontroller part on the schematic. It is then
co-simulated along with any analog and digital electronics connected to it.
Dip Trace:
DipTrace is an EDA/CAD software for creating schematic diagrams and printed circuit
boards. The developers provide a multi-lingual interface and tutorials (currently available in
English and 21 other languages). DipTrace has 4 modules: schematic capture editor, PCB
layout editor with built-in shape-based autorouter and 3D-preview & export, component
editor, and pattern editor.
Basic Features:
● Simple user interface
● Multi-sheet and hierarchical schematics
● High-speed and differential signal routing
● Smart manual routing modes
● Wide import/export capabilities

Thinkspeak cloud:
ThingSpeak is an Internet of Things (IoT) platform that allows users to collect, analyze, and
visualize data from various IoT devices. It provides cloud-based services to store and retrieve
data, create charts and graphs, and implement real-time monitoring and control. Here are key
aspects of ThingSpeak:
Data Storage:
● Cloud-based storage for IoT device data.
Channels and Fields:
● Organizes data into channels with multiple fields.
Data Visualization:
● Creates charts and graphs for easy data interpretation.
API Access:
● Provides RESTful APIs for programmatic interaction.
Real-Time Data:
● Supports real-time updates and monitoring.
Alerts and Notifications:
● Sets up alerts for specific data conditions.
Twilio Platform:
Twilio is a cloud communications platform that provides a set of APIs (Application
Programming Interfaces) for developers to integrate messaging, voice, and video functionality
into their applications. Key aspects of Twilio include:
APIs and Services:
● Twilio provides a range of APIs and services, including the Twilio REST API for core
functionality, and specialized APIs for messaging (Twilio Messaging API), voice
(Twilio Voice API), video (Twilio Video API), and more.
Twilio Programmable SMS:
● Developers can use Twilio to send and receive SMS messages globally. It supports
shortcodes, longcodes, and alphanumeric sender IDs.

3.4 Flow chart

Figure 3.7: Flow Chart of the Proposed Idea

Start:
The flowchart initiation represents the starting point of the process in the Seamless Car Parking
System with IoT Messaging and Auto-Payments.
Valid RFID?
The system checks if the car has a valid RFID tag. The RFID tag is scanned by the RFID reader
module and sends data to Nodemcu.
Yes:
In the event of a valid RFID, user data like vehicle registration number associated with RFID
tag and entry time are stored into the database at cloud.
No (Invalid):
If there is no valid tag then the user is restricted to enter the parking area.The user can be then
suggested to create a new tag for using the services.
Open the gate:
The gate opens automatically upon the verification of a valid user. A servo motor helps pull
the barricade.
The user now can see the empty slots available for parking. For this purpose a LED display is
used. It is synchronised with IR sensors.
Sufficient Balance?
At the time of exit the total charge is calculated based on the time for which the parking space
is used. Now again at the exit gate the RFID is scanned and the balance is checked whether it
is sufficient or not.
Yes:
Automatically payment is deducted from the user account same as in case of a fast tag.
No:
The user is restricted to exit and suggested to recharge his account.
Update user through SMS:
Using cloud services and API the user is notified of his parking details along with fare deducted
and remaining balance.
Open Exit gate:
The exit gate is automatically opened using a servo motor.
 4. CONTRIBUTION OF THE PROJECT
The integration of RFID-based smart car parking systems with IoT messaging and automatic
payment solutions presents a transformative approach to urban parking management. Utilizing
RFID technology streamlines access control, enabling seamless entry and exit for authorized
vehicles without the need for physical tickets or manual checks. The synergy with IoT allows
for real-time monitoring of parking space occupancy, facilitating quick identification of
available spots for drivers. Through IoT messaging, drivers receive timely notifications about
parking space availability, reservation confirmations, and automatic payment receipts.
Automatic payment processing, facilitated by RFID and IoT connectivity, eliminates the need
for physical transactions, enhancing user convenience and contributing to efficient revenue
collection for parking operators. Moreover, the system reduces environmental impact by
optimizing traffic flow, minimizing search time for parking, and subsequently lowering fuel
consumption and emissions. The integration of RFID-based smart parking with IoT messaging
not only enhances the overall user experience but also contributes to data-driven urban
planning, security, and the realization of smart city initiatives. The scalability and adaptability
of this integrated solution ensure that it can evolve alongside the growing demands of urban
infrastructure, making it a promising advancement in modern parking systems.Additionally,
the implementation of RFID-based access control ensures secure and reliable entry, reducing
the likelihood of unauthorized use and enhancing overall parking security. The convenience
and time savings afforded to drivers through automated entry, exit, and payment processes
contribute to a seamless urban experience. Furthermore, this solution aligns with the principles
of smart cities by leveraging technology to create interconnected urban environments. The
adaptability of the system facilitates integration with other smart city initiatives, such as traffic
management and environmental monitoring, fostering a holistic approach to urban
development.
 5. EXPECTED CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the integration of an RFID-based smart car parking system with IoT messaging
and automatic payment represents a forward-looking solution that addresses key challenges in
urban parking management. The project is expected to significantly enhance the efficiency of
parking operations, providing users with a seamless and convenient experience. Real-time data
analytics will empower authorities with insights to optimize parking infrastructure,
contributing to better traffic flow and informed urban planning decisions. The implementation
of RFID-based access control ensures secure and reliable entry, contributing to enhanced
overall parking security.
The integration of Thingspeak cloud with API will be used to share the real time details
like payment , balance ,etc. with the registered user. The combination of automatic payment
processing and IoT messaging not only simplifies transactions but also reduces environmental
impact by minimizing search time for parking, subsequently lowering fuel consumption and
emissions. As the project aligns with the broader goals of smart cities, it is anticipated to be a
pivotal component in shaping the future of urban mobility.
 6. REFERENCES
Journal /Article /Paper
[1]
S. GokulKrishna, J. Harsheetha, S. Akshaya and D. Jeyabharathi, "An IoT based Smart
Outdoor Parking System," 2021 7th International Conference on Advanced Computing and
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10.1109/ICACCS51430.2021.9441766.
[2]
"Systems - a simulation case study", The Journal of the Operational.
[3]
E. Fernando and H. L. H. S. Warnars, "Innovation Architecture Smart Car Parking System
with Wireless Sensor Networks," 2020 7th International Conference on Information
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[4]
M. Kannan, L. William Mary, C. Priya and R. Manikandan, "Towards Smart City through
Virtualized and Computerized Car parking System using Arduino in the Internet of Things,"
2020 International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering and Applications
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[5]
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Book
1. RFID: A Guide to Radio Frequency Identification By Pedro M. Reyes McGraw-Hill
Education, 2011
2. Improving Supply Chains Using RFID & Standards By Ian Robertson September 2011
3. Parking Management for Smart Growth By Richard W. Wilson

Website
1. https://www.curopark.com/parking-solution-at-malls.php
2. https://www.bable-smartcities.eu/explore/solutions/solution/smart-parking.html
3. https://www.skidata.com/solutions/mobility-parking