Scribd
Upload
6 views

Interview AI Algo

Interview AI Algo

Uploaded by

ripal.ranpara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Interview AI Algo

Interview AI Algo

Uploaded by

ripal.ranpara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)

 Description: KNN is a simple, instance-based learning algorithm used for


classification and regression.
 How It Works:
1. Choose the number of neighbors (K).
2. For a new data point, find the K closest data points in the training set.
3. For classification, the new data point is assigned the class most common
among its K nearest neighbors. For regression, the value is the average of its K
nearest neighbors.
 Example Use Case: Predicting the type of fruit (apple, banana, etc.) based on features
like color, size, and weight.

Support Vector Machine (SVM)

 Description: SVM is a powerful algorithm for classification and regression,


especially for high-dimensional spaces.
 How It Works:
1. SVM finds the hyperplane (a boundary) that best separates the data into
different classes.
2. The best hyperplane is the one that maximizes the margin between the closest
points of the classes (called support vectors).
 Example Use Case: Email spam detection, where the algorithm classifies emails as
"spam" or "not spam."

Decision Tree

 Description: A decision tree is a model that makes decisions based on a series of


questions about the features of the data.
 How It Works:
1. Each node in the tree represents a feature or attribute.
2. Each branch represents a decision based on the feature.
3. Leaves represent the outcome or class.
 Example Use Case: Determining whether a person will buy a product based on their
age, income, and browsing history.

Random Forest

 Description: Random Forest is an ensemble learning method that uses multiple


decision trees to improve accuracy and prevent overfitting.
 How It Works:
1. It builds many decision trees using random subsets of the data and features.
2. Each tree makes a prediction, and the final prediction is made by averaging
(for regression) or taking a majority vote (for classification).
 Example Use Case: Predicting house prices by combining multiple decision tree
predictions.

Logistic Regression
 Description: Logistic regression is a statistical method for binary classification
(yes/no outcomes).
 How It Works:
1. It models the probability of the binary outcome using a logistic function.
2. The output is a probability that is mapped to a class using a threshold (e.g.,
0.5).
 Example Use Case: Predicting whether a student will pass or fail an exam based on
study hours and attendance.

K-Means Clustering

 Description: K-Means is an unsupervised learning algorithm used for clustering data


into K groups.
 How It Works:
1. Choose the number of clusters (K).
2. Randomly initialize K cluster centers.
3. Assign each data point to the nearest cluster center.
4. Update the cluster centers to be the mean of the assigned points.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the clusters stabilize.
 Example Use Case: Segmenting customers into different groups based on purchasing
behavior.

Naive Bayes

 Description: Naive Bayes is a probabilistic classifier based on Bayes' theorem,


assuming independence between features.
 How It Works:
1. It calculates the probability of each class given the input features.
2. It assumes that the presence of one feature is independent of the presence of
other features.
3. The class with the highest probability is chosen as the prediction.
 Example Use Case: Classifying text documents (e.g., spam vs. non-spam emails).

Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

 Description: PCA is a dimensionality reduction technique used to reduce the number


of features while preserving as much variability as possible.
 How It Works:
1. It transforms the original features into a new set of uncorrelated features called
principal components.
2. The first few principal components capture most of the variability in the data.
 Example Use Case: Reducing the number of features in a dataset before applying a
machine learning algorithm to prevent overfitting.

Summary

 K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN): Classifies based on the closest neighbors.


 Support Vector Machine (SVM): Finds the best boundary to separate classes.
 Decision Tree: Makes decisions based on feature questions.
 Random Forest: Uses multiple decision trees to improve accuracy.
 Logistic Regression: Models probability for binary outcomes.
 K-Means Clustering: Groups data into clusters.
 Naive Bayes: Probabilistic classifier assuming feature independence.
 Principal Component Analysis (PCA): Reduces dimensionality by creating
uncorrelated features.

These explanations should help you understand the key concepts and applications of these
common machine learning algorithms.

You might also like