Gec 008 Art Appreciation Reveiwer

GEC 008 ART APPRECIATION REVEIWER
Art appreciation is the ability to interpret or understand man-made arts

The four main functions of art
1. Aesthetic Function – man becomes conscious of the beauty of nature
2. Utilitarian Function – man now lives in comfort and happiness
3. Cultural Function – Through the printed matter, art transmits and preserves skills and
4. Social Function – Through civic and graphic arts, man learns to love and help each other
Artists/Authors
1. Art is derived from Latin word ars, meaning “ability of skill.” – J.V. Estolas
2. Art is taken from the Italian word artis, which means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness,
and the associations that exist between form and ideas, between material and technique. – A. Tan
3. Art is a product of man’s need to express himself. – F. Zulueta
4. Arts is concerned with the communication of certain ideas and feelings by means of sensuous medium,
color, sound, bronze, marble, words, and film. – C. Sanchez
5. Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world. – Plato
6. Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind – one which demands for its own satisfaction and fulfilling, a
shaping of matter to new and more significant form. – John Dewey
7. Art is the skillful arrangement or composition of some common but significant qualities of nature such as
colors, sounds, lines, movements, words, stones, wood, etc., to express human feelings, emotions, or
thoughts in a perfect meaningful and enjoyable way. – Panizo and Rustia
Manaois
1. Fine arts or independent arts – made primarily for aesthetic enjoyment through the senses
2. Practical Arts or useful or utilitarian arts – intended for practical use
Custodiosa Sanchez
1. Visual arts – we perceive with our eyes (graphic and plastic arts).
 Graphic arts
 Plastic arts
2. Literature
3. Drama and theater
4. Music
5. Dance
Josefina Estolas
1. Major Arts (Painting, architecture, sculpture,)
2. Minor Arts (decorative arts, popular arts, graphic arts)
Panizo and Rustia
1. . According to purpose
2. According to media and forms
Medium comes from the Latin word medium, denotes means an artist communicates his idea
Technique is the manner in which the artist controls his medium
Mediums of the Visual Arts
Painting is the art of creating meaningful effect on a flat surface

Watercolor - Watercolor is difficult to handle because producing warm and rich tones
Fresco – is a painting method done on a moist plaster surface with colors ground in water or
limewater
Tempera – mineral pigments mixed with egg yolk or egg white and ore
Pastel – stick of dried paste made of pigment ground with chalk and compounded with gum water.
Encaustic – one of the early mediums used by the Egyptians for painting portraits on mummy cases.
Oil – one of the most expensive art activities today
Acrylic – is a medium used popularly by contemporary painters
Mosaic is the art of putting together small pieces of colored stones or glass called “tesserae”
Stained glass as an artwork is common in Gothic cathedrals and churches
Tapestry is a fabric produced by hand-weaving colored threads upon a warp.
Drawing is usually done on paper using pencil, pen and ink
Printmaking anything printed on a surface that is a direct result from the duplication process
Lithography is a surface printing done from an almost smooth surface, known as planographic process
Sculpture the most important thing to consider is the materials
Architecture art of designing a building and supervising its construction
Man’s needs
1. Physical needs
2. Emotional needs
3. Intellectual needs
4. Psychosocial needs
Lines and Dances
Line is an important element at the disposal of every artist
Horizontal lines are lines of repose and serenity, found in reclining persons, in landscapes
Vertical lines are lines that denote action, suggest poise, balance, force, aspiration, exaltation, and
dynamism.
Diagonal lines suggest action, life, and movement.
Curved lines suggest grace, subtleness, direction, instability, movement, flexibility, joyousness
Crooked or jagged lines express energy, violence, conflict, and struggle.
Dancing is an art and a recreation
Types of Dances
1. Folk dance/Ethnic dances portray the beliefs, interests, habits, customs, and practices of the native.
2. Ballroom dances public entertainment performed in pairs in places.
3. Theatrical dances are performed for the entertainment of the audience in a theater
Elements of Dance
1. Theme is the most basic element of a dance
2. Design is the pattern of movement in time and space
3. Movement bodily actions of the dancer
4. Technique is the skill of movement executed by the dancer.
5. Music is the auditory background to which a dancer moves
6. Costume and body paraphernalia properties worn by the dancer
7. Choreography figures and steps in dancing
8. Scenery background or setting where the dance is performed
Aspect of Harmony
Five aspects of harmony
1. Harmony of lines and shapes repeating the shape of the lines or by connecting transitional lines to
contrasting lines.
2. Harmony of size good proportion.
3. Harmony of color using two or more colors in decorating an article or object
Two standards or groups of color harmonies: related harmonies and contrasting harmonies
4. Harmony of texture determined by feeling the object with the fingertips or by looking at it.
5. Harmony of idea combining antique and modern furniture in the same room does not show harmony of
idea
Art classification during the medieval period

Painting in the Medieval Period
Three art classifications during the Medieval Period.
1. Early Christian art - subject matters of art in this period were symbols: cross, fish, lamb, alpha and
omega, triumphal wreaths, grapes, doves, and peacocks.
2. Byzantine art - the subject matters of paintings were Christ as the Creator and Mary the Mother of God
3. Gothic art - religious, grotesque, and calmer and plastic in style.
Architecture in the Medieval World
The architectural form and style in this era are classified into:
(1) Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture
(2) Islamic Architecture
(3) Carolingian, Ottonian, and Romanesque Architecture
(4) Gothic Architecture
Doric-
Ionic-
Corinthian-
Movements of 19th century paintings
1. Impressionism - Paul Cezanne was the greatest impressionist and the Father of Modern Art.
2. Expressionism - Vincent van Gogh is regarded as the Father of Expressionism.
Development of sculpture
Sculpture is an art form which employs modeling
Modeling refers to the technique by which a material is shaped and formed into a single mass
 Pre-historic sculpture consisted of rude forms carved in stones and woods.
 Egyptian sculpture are palettes (shield pieces of stone with relief carvings); wall carvings (bas reliefs or
high reliefs found in walls of tombs) and statues
1. First Dynasty Period - This period occurred 5,000 years ago. The sun, moon, stars, and sacred
animals were common subjects of sculpture in this period
2. Old Kingdom Period - Portrait sculpture was emphasized. Five life-like structures existed in every
home.
3. Middle Kingdom Period - Faces of statues made during this period depicted individual moods but
their bodies were still rigid and straight in posture.
4. New Kingdom Period - Figures of this period were life-like and vigorous looking. They were
depicted in usual poses - walking, dancing, and bending. Figures showed dignity and serenity.
 Greek Sculpture
1. Daedalic Period - Marble was heavily used as material.
2. Classical Age - This was the golden age or Age of Pericles in Greece. Temples of gods and
goddesses were adorned with sculptured figures
3. Later Greek Period - Male and female figures were shown with very little or no clothing at all
 Roman Sculpture pre-historic Roman sculpture portrayed famous men and women in bust forms.
 Byzantine Sculpture
1. Early Byzantine Sculpture no statues can be seen in churches and basilicas only symbols or signs
as mosaic.
2. Later Byzantine Sculpture statues replaced mosaic symbols and signs.
 Romanesque sculpture gave prominence to Biblical characters and human figures as subjects.
 Gothic sculpture human figure were given a natural and life-like look
 Renaissance Sculpture
1. Early Renaissance Sculpture great and detailed attention was given to anatomical shapes
2. Middle Renaissance Sculpture became more secular than religious
3. Later Part of the Renaissance subject matters of sculpture were legends and myths of Greece and
Rome
 Baroque sculpture started in the 17th century. It depicted the beauty of art and stressed on the
expression of emotion.
 19th Century Sculpture
Two schools in this period: neoclassicism and romantic realism.
1. Neo-classical schools - depicted perfect human anatomy endowed with a calm, reflective look
2. Romantic realistic schools - depicted realistic figures with psychological attitudes of the French
revolution
 20th Century Sculpture the Thinker, Auguste Rodin 20th century sculpture was mainly concerned with
the human body.
Islamic Art
Indian the Aryans do not seem to have produced images of gods or living creatures. Only few artifacts had
survived since the time of their dominance in the Vedic Period
Hindu fertility are frequently emphasized in Hindu figural sculpture, the sexual anatomical features of
these figures have become the exclusive focus of other artworks
Buddhist includes any form of media reflective of Buddha, bodhisattvas and other entities.
Near eastern art
China Much pottery was made during the Neolithic phase (5000 1766 BC). Bronze ritual vessels are the
most impressive ancient.
Chinese art form
Zhou dynasty (1045-256BC) these bronzes are usually simple in shape and inlaid with gold, silver,
and semiprecious stone to form abstract curvilinear patterns or scenes of figures in landscape.
Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) Great Wall of China was constructed, including a tomb for the
emperorwall of China was constructed, including a tomb for the emperor
Tang dynasty (618-906 BC) Tang artists worked in naturalistic modes, producing vital but elegant
images
Korea and Japan
The following are the distinctive features of the Korean art through the different phases of its history:
• Neolithic phase mainly of "comb pattern" pottery
• Bronze Age objects include bells, mirrors, and other ceremonial objects found in tombs.
• Three Kingdoms period Buddhism influence.
• Unified Silla period numerous monasteries and temples were built including the famous Sókkuram
cave temple
• Koryo dynasty concentrated on Buddhist themes
• Yi Dynasty also known as Cho-son
Different phases of Japanese history
• Jomon ritual ceramic pots with cord patterns and sculptural elaboration
• Yayoi yayoi bronzes, replaced ceramic as ceremonial ware.
• Kofun surviving objects from this period include haniwa
• Asuka period to massive state-sponsored projects in the
Nara period Buddhism reached Japan during this period Buddhist temples evolved during
this period.
• Horyu-ji the world's oldest standing wooden structure
• Heian period built as a private chapel for a regent of the Fujiwara family Buddhist architecture
• Kamakura the adoption of Chinese ink painting styles

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GEC 008 ART APPRECIATION REVEIWER

Art appreciation is the ability to interpret or understand man-made arts

Mediums of the Visual Arts

Painting is the art of creating meaningful effect on a flat surface

Art classification during the medieval period

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