8/31/24, 10:56 AM Class 1_2024

In [1]:
import numpy as np

1. Creating Arrays
In [2]:
# Creating an array from a list
arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print("Array from list:", arr1)
arr1[0]

Array from list: [1 2 3 4 5]

1
Out[2]:

In [3]:
# Creating an array with zeros
arr2 = np.zeros((3, 4))
print("Array of zeros:\n", arr2)
arr2[2,3]

Array of zeros:
[[0. 0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 0. 0.]]
0.0
Out[3]:

In [4]:
# Creating an array with ones
arr3 = np.ones((2, 3), dtype = int)
print("Array of ones:\n", arr3)

Array of ones:
[[1 1 1]
[1 1 1]]

In [5]:
# Creating an array with a range of numbers
arr4 = np.arange(10)
print("Array with range of numbers:", arr4)

Array with range of numbers: [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]

In [6]:
# Creating an array with evenly spaced values
arr5 = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
print("Array with evenly spaced values:", arr5)

Array with evenly spaced values: [0. 0.25 0.5 0.75 1. ]

2. Indexing and Slicing Arrays

In [7]:
# Creating a sample array
arr = np.array([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])

# Indexing
print("Element at index 0:", arr[0])
print("Element at index 3:", arr[3])

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Element at index 0: 10
Element at index 3: 40

In [8]:
# Slicing
print("Elements from index 1 to 3:", arr[1:4])
print("Elements from the start to index 3:", arr[:4])
print("Elements from index 2 to the end:", arr[2:])

Elements from index 1 to 3: [20 30 40]

Elements from the start to index 3: [10 20 30 40]
Elements from index 2 to the end: [30 40 50]

3. Multi-dimensional Arrays
In [9]:
# Creating a 2D array
arr2d = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])

In [10]:
print("Element at row 1, column 2:", arr2d[0, 1])

Element at row 1, column 2: 2

In [11]:
# Indexing
print("Element at row 1, column 2:", arr2d[0, 1])

Element at row 1, column 2: 2

In [12]:
# Slicing
print("First two rows and columns 1 and 2:\n", arr2d[:2, 0:2])

First two rows and columns 1 and 2:

[[1 2]
[4 5]]

4. Basic Mathematical Operations

In [13]:
# Creating sample arrays
arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])
arr2 = np.array([4, 5, 6])

In [14]:
# Element-wise addition
arr1 + arr2

array([5, 7, 9])
Out[14]:

In [15]:
# Element-wise subtraction
print("Element-wise subtraction:", arr1 - arr2)

Element-wise subtraction: [-3 -3 -3]

In [16]:
# Element-wise multiplication
print("Element-wise multiplication:", arr1 * arr2)

Element-wise multiplication: [ 4 10 18]

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In [17]:
# Element-wise division
print("Element-wise division:", arr1 / arr2)

Element-wise division: [0.25 0.4 0.5 ]

5. Universal Functions (ufuncs)

In [18]:
# Creating a sample array
arr = np.array([0, np.pi/2, np.pi])

In [19]:
# Using universal functions
print("Sine of the array elements:", np.sin(arr))
print("Exponential of the array elements:", np.exp(arr))
print("Square root of the array elements:", np.sqrt(arr))

Sine of the array elements: [0.0000000e+00 1.0000000e+00 1.2246468e-16]

Exponential of the array elements: [ 1. 4.81047738 23.14069263]
Square root of the array elements: [0. 1.25331414 1.77245385]

Exercise 1: Create a 3x3 Identity Matrix

In [20]:
# Creating a 3x3 identity matrix
identity_matrix = np.eye(3)
print("3x3 Identity Matrix:\n", identity_matrix)

3x3 Identity Matrix:

[[1. 0. 0.]
[0. 1. 0.]
[0. 0. 1.]]

Exercise 2: Reshape a 1D Array to 2D

In [21]:
# Creating a 1D array
arr = np.arange(1, 10)

# Reshaping to 2D array (3x3)

arr_reshaped = arr.reshape(3, 3)
print("Reshaped 2D array:\n", arr_reshaped)

Reshaped 2D array:
[[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]
[7 8 9]]

Exercise 3: Calculate the Dot Product of Two

Matrices
In [22]:
# Creating two matrices
A = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
B = np.array([[5, 6], [7, 8]])

# Calculating the dot product

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8/31/24, 10:56 AM Class 1_2024
dot_product = np.dot(A, B)
print("Dot product of A and B:\n", dot_product)

Dot product of A and B:

[[19 22]
[43 50]]

Exercise 4: Find the Mean and Standard

Deviation of an Array
In [23]:
# Creating a sample array
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

# Calculating mean and standard deviation

mean = np.mean(arr)
std_dev = np.std(arr)
print("Mean:", mean)
print("Standard Deviation:", std_dev)

Mean: 3.0
Standard Deviation: 1.4142135623730951

Introduction to Pandas
In [24]:
import pandas as pd

1. Creating DataFrames
In [25]:
# Creating a DataFrame from a dictionary
data = {
'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],
'Age': [25, 30, 35],
'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']
}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print("DataFrame from dictionary:\n", df)

DataFrame from dictionary:

Name Age City
0 Alice 25 New York
1 Bob 30 Los Angeles
2 Charlie 35 Chicago

Creating a DataFrame from a list of lists

In [26]:
data = [
['Alice', 25, 'New York'],
['Bob', 30, 'Los Angeles'],
['Charlie', 35, 'Chicago']
]
df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=['Name', 'Age', 'City'])
print("DataFrame from list of lists:\n", df)

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DataFrame from list of lists:
Name Age City
0 Alice 25 New York
1 Bob 30 Los Angeles
2 Charlie 35 Chicago

Creating a DataFrame from a CSV file

In [27]:
df = pd.read_csv('Data.csv')

In [28]:
print("DataFrame from CSV file:\n", df)

DataFrame from CSV file:

Name Age City
0 Alice 25 New York
1 Bob 30 Los Angeles
2 Charlie 35 Chicago

2. Indexing and Selecting Data

In [29]:
# Selecting a single column
print("Selecting 'Name' column:\n", df['Name'])

Selecting 'Name' column:

0 Alice
1 Bob
2 Charlie
Name: Name, dtype: object

In [30]:
# Selecting multiple columns
print("Selecting 'Name' and 'Age' columns:\n", df[['Name', 'Age']])

Selecting 'Name' and 'Age' columns:

Name Age
0 Alice 25
1 Bob 30
2 Charlie 35

In [31]:
# Selecting rows by index
print("Selecting first row:\n", df.iloc[0])

Selecting first row:

Name Alice
Age 25
City New York
Name: 0, dtype: object

In [32]:
# Selecting rows by condition
print("Selecting rows where Age > 25:\n", df[df['Age'] > 25])

Selecting rows where Age > 25:

Name Age City
1 Bob 30 Los Angeles
2 Charlie 35 Chicago

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3. Modifying DataFrames
In [33]:
# Adding a new column
df['Salary'] = [70000, 80000, 90000]
print("DataFrame after adding 'Salary' column:\n", df)

DataFrame after adding 'Salary' column:

Name Age City Salary
0 Alice 25 New York 70000
1 Bob 30 Los Angeles 80000
2 Charlie 35 Chicago 90000

In [34]:
# Modifying an existing column
df['Age'] = df['Age'] + 1
print("DataFrame after modifying 'Age' column:\n", df)

DataFrame after modifying 'Age' column:

Name Age City Salary
0 Alice 26 New York 70000
1 Bob 31 Los Angeles 80000
2 Charlie 36 Chicago 90000

In [35]:
# Deleting a column
df = df.drop('City', axis=1)
print("DataFrame after deleting 'City' column:\n", df)

DataFrame after deleting 'City' column:

Name Age Salary
0 Alice 26 70000
1 Bob 31 80000
2 Charlie 36 90000

Data Cleaning: Handling Missing Values,

Filtering, and Sorting
In [36]:
# Creating a sample DataFrame with missing values
data = {
'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],
'Age': [25, None, 35],
'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', None]
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

In [37]:
# Identifying missing values
print("Missing values in DataFrame:\n", df.isnull())

Missing values in DataFrame:

Name Age City
0 False False False
1 False True False
2 False False True

In [38]:
# Dropping rows with missing values
df_dropped = df.dropna()
print("DataFrame after dropping rows with missing values:\n", df_dropped)

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DataFrame after dropping rows with missing values:

Name Age City
0 Alice 25.0 New York

In [39]:
# Filling missing values
df_filled = df.fillna({'Age': df['Age'].mean(), 'City': 'Unknown'})
print("DataFrame after filling missing values:\n", df_filled)

DataFrame after filling missing values:

Name Age City
0 Alice 25.0 New York
1 Bob 30.0 Los Angeles
2 Charlie 35.0 Unknown

5. Filtering and Sorting Data

In [40]:
# Creating a sample DataFrame
data = {
'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],
'Age': [25, 30, 35],
'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

# Filtering rows based on a condition

filtered_df = df[df['Age'] > 25]
print("Filtered DataFrame (Age > 25):\n", filtered_df)

Filtered DataFrame (Age > 25):

Name Age City
1 Bob 30 Los Angeles
2 Charlie 35 Chicago

In [41]:
# Sorting the DataFrame by a column
sorted_df = df.sort_values(by='Age', ascending = False)
print("DataFrame sorted by 'Age' (descending):\n", sorted_df)

DataFrame sorted by 'Age' (descending):

Name Age City
2 Charlie 35 Chicago
1 Bob 30 Los Angeles
0 Alice 25 New York

In [42]:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
ratings = ['Poor', 'Below Average', 'Average', 'Above Average', 'Excellent']
frequency = [2, 3, 5, 9, 1]
colors = ['blue', 'yellow', 'green', 'red', 'orange']
plt.bar(ratings, frequency, color=colors)
plt.xlabel('Rating')
plt.ylabel('Frequency')
plt.title('Rating Frequency Bar Graph')
plt.show()

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