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IOT Based Traffic Management System

IoT based Traffic Management

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
19 views4 pages

IOT Based Traffic Management System

IoT based Traffic Management

Uploaded by

ahsanashaja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology

ISSN : 2456-3307 (www.ijsrcseit.com)


doi : https://doi.org/10.32628/CSEIT1217451

IOT Based Traffic Management System


Shashank S1, Kiran P1, Nischay D1, Vinay Kumar M1, B R Vatsala2, Dr. C. Vidya Raj2
1Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The National Institute of Engineering, Mysuru,
Karnataka, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The National Institute of Engineering,
Mysuru, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT

Article Info In 2014, 54% of the total global population was urban residents. The prediction
Volume 7, Issue 4 was a growth of nearly 2% each year until 2020 leading to more pressure on the
Page Number: 184-187 transportation system of cities. Cities should be making their streets run smarter
Publication Issue : instead of just making them bigger or building more roads. This leads to the
July-August-2021 proposed system which will use a Raspberry pi and Camera for tracking the
Article History number of vehicles leading to time-based monitoring of the system.
Accepted : 06 July 2021 Keywords : Raspberry Pi, Firebase, Camera
Published : 13 July 2021

I. INTRODUCTION This solution is expected to eliminate inefficiencies at


intersections and minimize the cost of commuting
A smart traffic management system utilizing camera and pollution.
data, communication and automated algorithms is to
be developed to keep traffic flowing more smoothly. II. LITERATURE SURVEY
The aim is to optimally control the duration of green
or red light for a specific traffic light at an
The Internet of Things (IoT), also sometimes referred
intersection.
to as the Internet of Everything (IoE), consists of all
the web-enabled devices that collect, send and act on
The traffic signals should not flash the same stretch of
data they acquire from their surrounding
green or red all the time, but should depend on the
environments using embedded sensors, processors
number of vehicles present. When traffic is heavy in
and communication hardware. These devices, often
one direction, the green lights should stay on longer;
called ”connected” or ”smart” devices, can sometimes
less traffic should mean the red lights should be on
talk to other related devices, a process called
for a longer time interval.
machine-to-machine(M2M) communication, and act
on the information they get from one another.

Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Technoscience Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the 187
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Shashank S et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol, July-August-2021, 7 (4) : 184-187

Humans can interact with the gadgets to set them up, Therefore, it may not be able to solve the problem of
give them instructions or access the data, but the traffic congestion. In India, it has been seen that even
devices do most of the work on their own without after the presence of traffic lights, traffic police
human intervention. Their existence has been made officials are on duty, which means that in this system
possible by all the tiny mobile components that are more manpower is required and it is not economical
available these days, as well as the always-online in nature.
nature of our home and business networks.
Connected devices also generate massive amounts of B. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Internet traffic, including loads of data that can be
used to make the devices useful, but can also be The first and primary element of this system is the
mined for other purposes. All this new data, and the camera. The cameras interact with the physical
Internet-accessible nature of the devices, raises both environment, meaning vehicles presence or absence
privacy and security concerns. But this technology while the camera data is sent to the database for
allows for a level of real-time information that we training the module for further prediction. The
have never had before. cameras transmit status based on the presence of
vehicles near it.
We can monitor our homes and families remotely to
keep them safe. Businesses can improve processes to The camera transmits the data at specified time
increase productivity and reduce material waste and intervals to the processor (raspberry pi), it processes
unforeseen downtime. Sensors in city infrastructure the data and sends the processed data to the
can help reduce road congestion and warn us when controller. The computed data from Raspberry pi is
infrastructure is in danger of crumbling. Gadgets out then transmitted to the controller through Wi-Fi
in the open can monitor for changing environmental connectivity. The controller makes use of the
conditions and warn us of impending disasters. collected data to perform the Intelligent Traffic
routing.
III. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
In this system, the primary aim is to gather the
information of moving vehicles and provide them a
A. EXISTING SYSTEM
clear path till their destinations and traffic signals
The existing traffic system is generally controlled by
should switch automatically to give a clear way for
the traffic police. The main drawback of this system
these vehicles.
controlled by the traffic police is that the system is
not smart enough to deal with the traffic congestion.
In this proposed system, the traffic lights are LEDs
and the cameras. Both blocks are connected to a
The traffic police official can either block a road for
raspberry Pi using physical wires. The Node MCU is
more time or let the vehicles on another road pass by
the traffic light controller which receives the
i.e. the decision making may not be smart enough
collected camera data and manages the traffic lights
and it entirely depends on the official’s decision.
by switching between green, yellow and red. The
Moreover, even if traffic lights are used, the time
raspberry pi computes the number of vehicles in the
interval for which the vehicles will be shown a green
street of the intersection it is monitoring based on the
or red signal is fixed.
distances measured by the camera and the timing
between those measurements. The raspberry pi then

Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August-2021 | http://ijsrcseit.com 185


Shashank S et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol, July-August-2021, 7 (4) : 184-187

sends the number of cars every minute to the V. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION


database.
Steps in the proposed system for controlling traffic
The database is used to train the module in order to light 1:
better predict the changes in timings of the traffic
1. Camera: Continuously record traffic video.
light and its density. This communication is done
2. Read Image: Read frames of the traffic image.
using Wi-Fi. More specifically, the cloud server uses
3. Grayscale Image Conversion: It converts color
an equation that takes the data received (number of
image to grayscale image. This method is based
cars) as input then determines the time interval of
on different color transforms. According to the
LED’s needed for a smooth traffic flow. This
R, G, B value in the image, it calculates the value
calculated time is then compared to the current
of grayscales and converts the image into a
actual time of the LEDs (this data is saved in a
grayscale image.
database).
4. Image Binarization: Grayscale image is converted
The processor then comes up with a decision. If the into black and white image.
current actual green time is less than the calculated 5. Traffic Signal Control: Based on vehicle count
time, the decision is to increase the green time, else signal timings are changed and the respective
to decrease the green time. LED glows.

Steps for controlling traffic light 2:


IV. SYSTEM DESIGN
1. Initialize System
The Architecture system consists of six modules: 2. Configure ESP 8266 module for multi access
point through AT commands
1) Raspberry Pi 3. Connect WI-FI module to WI-FI network
2) LED lights which are used for the purpose of 4. Start UDP local port in WI-FI module
signaling. 5. Establish UDP connection to Raspberry pi
3) Traffic cameras which are used for monitoring 6. Wait for data
traffic.
4) Node MCU Microcontroller 7. Change traffic light signal 2 depending upon
their received data from raspberry Pi

VI. CONCLUSION

Smart Traffic Management System has been


developed by using multiple features of hardware
components in IoT. Traffic optimization is achieved
using IoT platform for efficient utilizing allocating
varying time to all traffic signal according to available
vehicles count in road path.

Smart Traffic Management System is implemented to


Fig. 1 - Flow Chart
deal efficiently with problem of congestion and

Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August-2021 | http://ijsrcseit.com 186


Shashank S et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol, July-August-2021, 7 (4) : 184-187

perform re-routing at intersections on a road. This management study A smart City application”,
research presents an effective solution for rapid Transport research Part E,2015
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is increasing day by day and traditional systems have “Computational Intelligence in urban traffic
some limitations as they fail to manage current traffic signal control: A survey”,IEEE Transactions
effectively. Keeping in view the state-of-the-art onsystems,man,and cyberbetics-part c
approach for traffic management systems, a smart applications and reviews,Vol.42.No.4.pp. 485-
traffic management system is proposed to control 494,July 2012.
road traffic situations more efficiently and effectively. [6]. Andreas Janecek,Danilo Valerio,and Karin
Anna Hummel, “The cellular Network as a
It changes the signal timing intelligently according to sensor:From Mobile phone data to real-time
traffic density on the particular roadside and road traffic monitoring”,IEEE transactions on
regulates traffic flow by communicating with local intelligent transportation
server more effectively than ever before. The systems,vol.16.no.5,pp 2551-2572 ,October
decentralized approach makes it optimized and 2015.
effective as the system works even if a local server or [7]. Peter Handel,Jens Ohlsson,Martin
centralized server has crashed. The system also Ohlsson,Isaac Skog,Elin Nygren, “Smartphone-
provides useful information to higher authorities that based measurement systems for road vehicle
can be used in road planning which helps in optimal traffic monitoring and usage-based insurance”,
usage of resources. IEEE systems journal,Vol.8.No.4,pp 1238-
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VII. REFERENCES

[1]. Soufiene Djahel,Ronan Doolan, Gabrial-Miro Cite this article as :


Muntean, John Murphy, “A communications-
oriented perspective on traffic management Shashank S, Kiran P, Nischay D, Vinay Kumar M, B R
systems for smart cities: Challenges and Vatsala, Dr. C. Vidya Raj, "IOT Based Traffic
innovative approaches, IEEE Communications Management System", International Journal of
Surveys and Tutorials, vol 10.pp,Nov 2013. Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering
[2]. Lien-Wu Chen, Pranay Sharma, “Dynamic and Information Technology (IJSRCSEIT), ISSN :
traffic control with fairness and throughput 2456-3307, Volume 7, Issue 4, pp.184-187, July-
optimization using vehicular communications”, August-2021. Available at
IEEE journal on selected areas in doi : https://doi.org/10.32628/CSEIT1217451
communications/supplement, Journal URL : https://ijsrcseit.com/CSEIT1217451
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