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Programming Fundamentals Coordinates and CNC System Group2

programming

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20 views17 pages

Programming Fundamentals Coordinates and CNC System Group2

programming

Uploaded by

jhayceevallestero
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Programming Fundamentals

(Coordinates)
and CNC system
GROUP 2
Atienza, Christian
Biboso, jovenick
Guerrero, Neil patrick
Tamares, khriistina lucille
Trinidad, John Christopher
Velasco, Regan Jorge
Outline
1. Introduction to CNC machine
2. History and development of technology
3. Conventional vs. CNC machine
4. How cnc work
5. Features of CNC Machines
6. Tools
7. Basics of CNC Programming
8. Types of CNC Machines
9. Advantages
10. Disadvantages
Introduction
CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Machines
What is a CNC Machine?
Conventionally, an operator decides and adjusts various machines
parameters like feed, depth of cut etc depending on type of job, and
controls the slide movements by hand.
In a CNC Machine functions and slide movements are controlled by
motors using computer programs.
History and
development of
technology

*cNC Numerical control


*CNC Numerical control with
integrated computer
*FFS Flexible manufacturing system
*CAD Computer aided
drawing/design
*CAM Computer aided
manufacturing
*CIM Computer integrated
manufacturing with planning,
design and manufacturing
Conventional vs. CNC machine

``
• Machine Structure The CNC machine tools are basically built
in the same way as conventional machine `tools. The difference
lies in the fact that the machine components relevant for
turning and milling processes are controlled by
computers.
How cnc work

01 02 03 04
• Controlled by G and M • Each number or code • Typed in manually G&M codes are automatically
codes. is assigned to a generated by the computer
to CAD by machine
• These are number values software.
particular operation. operators.
and co-ordinates.
Features of
CNC Machines
• The tool or material moves.
• Tools can operate in 1-5 axes.
• Larger machines have a machine
control unit (MCU) which
manages operations.
• Movement is controlled by a
motors (actuators).
• Feedback is provided by sensors
(transducers)
• Tool magazines are used to
change tools automatically.
Tools

• Most are made from high speed


steel (HSS), tungsten carbide or
ceramics.
• Tools are designed to direct waste
away from the material.
• Some tools need coolant such as
oil to protect the t
ool and work.
Basics of CNC
Programming
• CNC instructions are called part
program commands.
• When running, a part program is
interpreted one command line at a time
until all lines are completed.
• Commands, which are also referred to
as blocks, are made up of words which
each begin with a letter address and
end with a numerical value.
• Each letter address relates to a
specific machine function. “G” and “M”
letter addresses are two of the most
common.
Types of CNC Machines:

CNC LATHE CNC MILLING MACHINES CNC GRINDING


MACHINES MACHINES
CNC Lathe Machines:

• Automated version of a manual lathe.


• Programmed to change tools automatically.
• Used for turning and boring wood, metal and
plastic.
CNC Milling Machines

• Has 3 to 5 axes.
• Used for wood, metal and plastic.
• Used to make 3D prototypes, moulds, cutting
dies, printing plates and signs.
CNC Grinding Machines

• Slowly removes metal to create a part.


• Some types of CNC grinding are
• Surface grinding
• Cylindrical grinding
• Tool and cutter grinders
• Profile grinders
Other types of CNC Machines
• Drilling Machines
• Horizontal and Vertical boring machines
• Jig boring and Jig grinding machines
• Plano millers
• Coordinate measuring machines
• CNC welding machines • Assembly machines
• Printed circuit board drilling machines
• Tube bending machines.
Advantages
• High Repeatability and Precision e.g. Aircraft
parts
• Volume of production is very high
• Complex contours/surfaces need to be
machined. E.g. Turbines
• Flexibility in job change, automatic tool
settings, less scrap
• More safe, higher productivity, better quality
• Less paper work, faster prototype production,
reduction in lead times
Disadvantages
• Costly setup, skilled operators
• Computers, programming knowledge required
• Maintenance is difficult
THANK YOU
VERY MUCH!

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