一.

Warm up：
Saying hello
1.How are you going today? /how are you doing today? /how are you today?
I’m very well, thank you, and you?
I’m a little nervous now.

2. What' the weather like today / outside?

It’s sunny/cloudy/ rainy/snowing /Windy/overcast today.

Hobby ＆ life
1. What’s your favorite food?
I like dumpling and noodles .because my hometown in north of china.
My favorite food is hotpot and seafood.

2. What kind of food do you like best?

I like meat best.

3. What do you like most about your hometown?

I like traditional food about my hometown.

4. Where is your hometown?

My hometown is Changyuan City. It is a small town in Henan Province .It is a beautiful city with
rich history. My favorite thing about my hometown is the delicious food.

5. Tell me about the place you live now?

At present I live in Nanchang City. It is the capital of Jiangxi Province.

6. Between your hometown and the city you are living in now, which one do you like best and why?
I like Nanchang more than my hometown, because the Nanchang city is more developed, more
modern, and more convenient.
I like my hometown better, because my hometown has fresh air and clean water. the life there is
more relaxing. the traffic is not so heavy.
7. What do you think of the traffic in your city?
Now I live in Nanchang, there are much public transport, It is convenient enough for me to go out.
But the city traffic is very congested/heavy, especially during rush hour.

8. Compare an apartment with a house, which one do you prefer? Why?

I prefer a house to an apartment, because I can have more space and comfortable life, and since there
are no families on the top and below, it will be very quiet to live in a house. I also have Own garden
and packing space.

9. Do you have a car ?/ Do you think purchasing a car is necessary in your city? Why?
Yes. I think so. drive car to the company can save me a lot of time, and it make my life more
convenient.

10. If your car is broken, do you go to the garage or fix it by yourself?

I will go to the garage.

11. Do you often travel? Is there a good place you could give me an introduction to?
No, I don’t. I seldom travel.
Yes, I do. I like to sanya. Sanya is costal city. It has fresh air, sea breeze, sunshine, beach and fresh
seafood.

12. Tell me about the place you most want to visit, anywhere in the world.
I most want to SANYA, because there are sea breeze, sunshine, blue sky, golden sand, Fresh
seafood.in a word , it is beautiful city.

13. Tell me about your family?

My family is living in Changyuan city. There are four people in my family. there are my father ,my
mother, my younger sister and I.

14. What are you fondest memories of your family?

My fondest memory of my family is our travel to Chengdu last year. We had a wonderful time
together there, I’ll never forget it.
All the time I being with my family.
15 .What does your family think of you‘re being a pilot?
My parents like my job. They think pilot is a good job and they are very proud of me as a pilot, they
support my job very much.
But they are always worried with me when I am flying, they support me a lot.

16. What do you like to do in your spare time?

In my spare time, I’d like to do some sport. Such as basketball, gym, and running, swimming is my
favorite sport, because it’s good for my health. And I also like read some books and magazines .Also
I like watching TV, surf Internet and play online games.

17. Do you have any hobbies? Can you say something about it/them?

18. Do you like sports?

Yes I do. I like many kinds of sports, for example: playing basketball, gym, running and swimming
because it’s good for my health.

19. What kind of music do you enjoy? Why?

I love country music and classical music. It can always make me relax.
Popular, jazz, classic, country side, punk, light, music can make me relaxed.

20. What kinds of television programs do you like watching?

I like watching news program and sport program, for example CCTV news channel and CCTV5.
There is rich information.

21. What’s the brand of your mobile phone? Is it user-friendly? Do you like it?
My mobile phone‘s brand is HTC, I like it very much; it is User-friendly.it has a lot of functions:
such as Alarm clock, camera, dictionary, game, music and so on.
It can help me to send messages, take photos, visit Internet , play games.

22. What kind of films do you like best?

I like Action film and war film. Love story, comedy, tragedy, war.

23. Do you have a favorite film actor? What’s your favorite film?
I like Jake Chen and Tom Cruise; their acting skills are very good.
My favorite movie is the Top Guns.

25. Where is your favorite place to relax?

When I stay at home I feel relaxed.
Swimming pool, Cinema, gym, internet, bar, Concert, Theatre.

26. Tell me about your ambitions in life.

At present, my ambition is to pass ICAO 4.

28. Do you think the airfare is expensive for the average person in china? Explain your ideas.
Yes, with the improvement of people's life, they can buy the air ticket, and the airlines often give
many discounts, so the price is not very high.

29. Where do you work? /Which company/airline are working for?

I work in china eastern airlines Jiangxi branch, it locates in Nanchang. That is a beautiful city.

30.Do you like your job? What’s good about it?

Yes, I do. First of all, as a pilot I feel very proud, because pilots have high social status, second, I can
have good salary and can give my family good life. And also I can have more chance to travel to
other places.
I don't like my job very much. Because it's very tiring and sometimes dangerous.

31.Where did you fly to on your last flight?

I flew to Xian, it is a beautiful city.

32.Are you a captain of first officer?

33.What’s your position?

34.What kind of novel (book) do you prefer?

35.Where will you be scheduled to fly to? /when and where is your next flight coming up?

36. Have you ever experienced online shopping?

Yes, I have experienced online shopping. I usually go to Taobao for shopping. It’s a new, fast and
great way of shopping. I do save time and I got good stuff.

37. What do you like to do if you are not flying?

38. How often do you use the computer?

39. How long does it take to get to work from your home?

40. Is today’s weather good for flying?

41. How should the pilot balance rest with work?

42. Are you satisfied with your present job?

43. How many types rating do you have?

44. Do you think your company gives you reasonable salary?

45. Do you like your company logo?

46. Do you think is it necessary for pilots to lose weight//be on diet?

47. Which English speaking countries have you been to?

English learning

1. How did you come to the test center today/here?

On foot/ by car.
It took me 10 min to come here.

2. How long have you been preparing for this test?

I prepare two months for this test.
I have the confidence to pass this test.
3. Have you taken any aviation English tests before?
Yes, I have. Two months ago, I attended the same exam.
Is this the first you take this test?

4. How long have you been studying English?

I have been studying English for more than ten years.

5. How do you normally study English?

I study English by watching English movies, reading English newspaper and listening to English
broadcast, having English training, Sometimes I practice English communication with my colleagues.
I believe Practice make perfect.

6. What do you think is the most important part of English study?

I think listening and speaking is most important part to learn English. When we fly international
routes or some domestic routes like shanghai ,Beijing , we have to communicate with ATC in
English .

7. How is the ICAO English training in your company?

My companies have Professional English classes; it has offered several kinds of training for pilots,
such as basic training, medium training and advanced training, In class, I not only studied English
but also aviation knowledge. Besides I also reviewed standard radio communication phrases
including normal and abnormal situation. I think the ICAO English training in my company is
effective and helpful to my English level.

8. Do you think your English has improved since you began studying?
Yes, I think so; my English has been improved a lot after I took English classes.
As long as we keep studying, we will get progress.

9. Have you ever taken any Aviation English training before?

Yes, I have.
10. Have you ever taken any English tests in the past?
Yes, I have. In April, I had taken ICAO English test, Besides I have taken many English tests in the
university. But they were all paper tests.
11. Do you think English is hard to learn? Why?
Yes, I do. Our mother language is Chinese, English is my second language, and it has different
vocabulary and grammar, so it is hard to learn. I don't have many chance to speak English .

12. Do you have many chances to speak English on-board?

No, I don't. I only fly domestic flights.

13. Do you enjoy speaking English?

Yes, I do. English is very useful; it is an international language, It is a tool which can help us
communicate with people from other countries. It can enlarge our scope of view, so I can get more
information from the world.

14. Describe how you learn English.

In my free time, sometimes I watch English movies, read English novels and listen to English
broadcast. Sometimes I practice English communication with my colleagues.

15. Do you think learning English is important?

Of course,. It’s very important for pilots to ensure safety flight. Because ECAM messages are
displayed in English, operation manuals and checklists are also all written in English. If we can
know English well, it will help us understand and better control the aircraft, especially dealing with
some emergency situations.

16. How do you plan to improve your spoken English?

In my free time, I usually watch English movies, read English newspaper and listen to English
broadcast. Sometimes I practice English communication with my colleagues.

17. Do you think the English operations manual is difficult to read?

Yes, I think so. I think the English operations manual a little difficult for me.

16. Which one do you prefer, the Chinese operation manual or English operation manual?
I prefer Chinese operation manual, it's easier for us to read, may reduce human error, Save more time
in reading, reduce error.
Because it can improve my aviation English vocabulary, more accurate to understand .

17. Do you like to study English on the Internet ?/ Have you ever used internet to improve your
English?

Yes, I can search for all kinds of English learning materials on the Internet , also it's very fast,
convenient.

18.Which web-sites do you usually visit? Why?

I very like surf internet, I often visit QQ news website. There is rich information.

19. Do you like online shopping ?

Yes, I like online shopping ,I can buy everything I want on the Internet, they're cheaper, and I don't
have time to go shopping so it's convenient and save my time.

20. What type of books do you like to read?

Novel, magazine,

21.What's your favorite subject in your high school?

PE, chemistry, history, physics, politics, geography, biography,

二、英语：English
1. Do you think English is important for safety?
Of course, it’s very useful and important for safety flight. Because ECAM messages are displayed in
English, and operation manuals and checklists are all written in English. Most of the aircraft are
made by English –speaking countries. If we can know English well, it will help us understand and
better control the aircraft, especially dealing with some emergency situations

2. Do you think this test is difficult for you?

Yes, I think this test is a bit difficult.

3. What’s the difference between radio English and general English?

There are many differences between the radio English and general English, radio English requires
simple and clear, so it have a little different from the general English at pronunciation and grammar.
For Example, in radio we read 3 instead of 3.

4. Have you ever study English before? Where do you learn?

5. Did you watch CCTV-9(international channel)?

6. Do you think English is helpful (useful) for flight operation (safety operation)?

7. Do you think watching TV (English programs) is a good way to improve English-study efficiency?

Company ＆ work
1. Can you tell me which company you are working with? /Fly with,/which company do you work
for?,
I am working with China Eastern Airlines Jiangxi Branch.

2. Where is your company based?

My company is based in Nanchang.

3. Do you like your company logo? Can you describe it?

Yes, I like. My company logo is a flying swallow; red represents the sun above, the following blue
ocean. So it also means china eastern airlines have high reputation both in china and abroad.

4. Can you say something about your college life or working background?
I’m working in china eastern airlines Jiangxi branch. Jiangxi branch is based in two cities, Nanchang
and Fuzhou. We don’t have long –haul international routes, because we only fly A320, and A320 is
medium rage aircraft.

5. Do you enjoy flying?

Yes, I do. Flying is my dream. I like the feeling of flying.

6. When did you first start flying?/ when and where did you first start flying?
I started my flying in 2007 in CAFUC.

7. Where did you have the initial training as a student pilot?

I have the initial training in Guanghan branch of CAFUC.

8. What other places have you been trained at?

Yes, I participated in Pudong new employee training.

9 .Where do you do your simulator training?

I participate in simulator training in PuDong

10. How many times per year do you have simulator training?
I have simulator training a least twice a year

11. When is your next simulator training session?

My next simulator training is when I pass the ICAO4 test.

12. How many hours do you usually need for simulator training each year?
I usually need twenty- four hours for simulator training each year.

13. Do you like simulator training?

Yes, I do. In my opinion, simulator training is very important, it can help us to be familiar with
abnormal or emergency situations and related procedures, also Practice and improve my flying skills
on it. You know practice makes perfect.

14. What preparations do you make before flight?

First, each flight the day before, I need to complete online flight preparations. Second, we will go to
the briefing room to check flight plan, weather information with the departure airport, destination
airport and alternate airport, and the other information related to the flight. The captain will brief
flight crew and cabin crew, finally we will go to the apron, Walk around the aircraft to check, refuel
the aircraft and complete on board system check.

15. Do you only fly domestic flights?

Yes, I only fly domestic flight because I haven’t passed ICAO4. If I can pass ICAO4 this time, I’ll be
able to fly international routes.

16. Do you have any international flights coming up?

No, I haven’t.

17. Do you want to fly any new type of aircraft such as B787 or A380?
Yes, I do. That is my dream.

Due to the size,there is less suitable airport in china to accommodate such aircraft, it ' s
difficult for pilots to find an alternate for landing.

18. Do you think English communication is necessary for domestic flights? Why/why not?
No, I don’t think so. English is not the mother language in China and it would affect the
communication and safety, especially in the emergency situation. While using Chinese to
communicate is so natural, time-saving and leaves few possibilities for mistakes.

19. Is your company getting any new aircraft soon?

I don’t know. I haven’t heard the news.

20. How many aircraft and types of aircraft are there in your companies ’fleet?
I come from Jiangxi branch of CES. My companies’ fleet have 9 Airbus 320 series aircraft.

21. How did you become a pilot?

In 2005, I joined /entered CAFUC, which stands for civil aviation Flight University of china. The
first two years, I study the aviation knowledge on the ground, such as aircraft structure, weather,
navigation, body exercises and how the aircraft could fly into the shy. After 2 years, we began to
practice how fly Single propeller aircraft, It took me 2 years to practice the flying skills. After
graduation from CAFUC Guanghan branch, I became a real pilot.

22. What are the responsibilities of a captain?

In my opinion, the main responsibilities of a captain are to ensure the flight safety and comfort of
passengers. He must have the good flying skills, as well as the strong sense of responsibility.
23. What are the most important qualities of a pilot?
There are many the most important qualities of a pilot. Such as: good health body, great aviation
knowledge, good flying skills, and strong sense of responsibility.
How many type ratings do you have?
I have single engine land, multi-engine land and instrument rating.

三、飞行经历：Fly experience
1. Can you tell me some of the technical manuals or handbooks in the cockpit?
Yes, there are Flight control manual, Operations Manuals, Emergency checklist, QRH(Quick
reference handbook), MEL (Minimum equipment list), aircraft takeoff performance chart, Jeppeson
chart, CAAC, FAA regulations, and operation manual. They are necessary to be stored on board to
ensure flight safety.

2. Are these manuals convenient to use? Are they written in Chinese or English?
Yes, these are. Because manuals written in Chinese.

3. Do you prefer to read the paper manuals or electronic files?

I prefer electronic files to paper manuals.

4. Do you think the paper manuals will be replaced by the electronic files?
Yes I think so, because the aircraft's development trend of automation and electronic.

5. What type of aircraft have you ever flown? What aircraft are you flying now?
In CAFUC, I flownC-172, PA44 and CE525, I will fly A320.

6. What kind of control surfaces does a modern aircraft have? Can you tell me a little bit about their
location? / (how many control surface on an aircraft and where are they?)
There are many control surfaces in my aircraft, such as, flaps, aileron, and elevator, rudder,
Flaps hinged at the back edge of the wing root. Ailerons hinged at the back edge of the wing outer
side. The rudder and elevator is in the rear of the aircraft.

7. Would you explain the different functions of these control surfaces?

Flaps are used to increase the lift and reduce the rotate speed during takeoff and reduce the stall
speed and the landing distance during landing.
Elevator is used to change the altitude of the aircraft in flight.
Rudder is used to change the direction of the aircraft in flight.
They are all used to help us to control the aircraft in flight.

8. Can you please introduce the emergency equipment on your aircraft?

I will flying the A320 series of aircraft .We have many emergency equipment in the cockpit, such as
oxygen masks, fire extinguishers, escape rope, the flashlight, the axe, life vests, slide, and the
PBE.

9. How many evacuation slides does your aircraft have? What are their positions?
A320 have 6 evacuation slides .they is under each door and each emergency exit.

10. What systems does your aircraft have?

On the A320 aircraft, we have the EFIS system (Electronic Flight Instrument System), navigation
system, radio systems, TCAS system (traffic collision avoidance system), hydraulic system, air-
conditioning systems, landing gear systems, and so on.

11. Can you say something about traditional analogue instruments in the cockpit? What are
advantages and disadvantages of analogue instruments?
We have stand by AD1, which includes altimeter, speed meter, heading information etc. they are
reliable easy for use. But they are not accurate enough.

12. Is your aircraft equipped with EFIS? (If yes, can you introduce EFIS to me? If no. what kind of
flight instrument do you use in your cockpit to display the flight information?)
Yes, we do. EFIS refers to electronic flight instrument system. It provides all flight information on
the display unit. We can use information from screen.

13. Are you flying with side stick or control column in your cockpit? What are the advantages and
disadvantages of side stick or control column?
I am flying side stick; side stick is an advanced flight method. We have more room compare with
control column. But it lacks real flight feeling.

14. What kind of place do you think it is? Have you ever visited an aircraft manufacturer? Can you
list the main parts of an aircraft?
I think it’s an aircraft manufacturer. I can see an aircraft is being assembled in a hangar, but I have
never visited an aircraft manufacturer.
The main parts of an aircraft are radar dome, fuselage, engines, wings, ailerons, flaps, slats, landing
gears, tyres, stabilizers, rudders and so on.

15. What are the differences between the Boeing aircraft and Airbus aircraft?
On most Boeing aircraft, the traditional control column is used, while on most Airbus aircraft, the
side stick is used to control the aircraft. So there is more space in the cockpit in Airbus, and the pilot
feels more comfortable.

16. If you have the choice to fly A320 and B747, which one will you choose?
I prefer to fly the A320, because Airbus series aircraft cockpit space larger, more comfortable

17. Do you prefer the domestic routes or the international routes? Why?
At present, I have no chance of flying commercial aircraft.

18. Do you prefer the long haul routes or the short routes? Why?
I prefer short routes than long haul routes;because I can go home every day with my family.

19. Which foreign airlines will you like to choose if you want to work abroad?
If I had the chance to choose, I would like to work for Singapore Airline. Singapore Airline is one of
the most famous and favorable airlines all over the world. As I know, it provides pilots with nice
working environment, high salary, great benefits, more balanced work and life, and much respect.
So I would like to join in Singapore Airline.
四、模拟机: Simulator training
1. How often do you have the recurrent training?
My recurrent training is twice a year.

2. What subject must be reviewed in recurrent training? Which subject is more difficult?
We review all the emergency procedures in our recurrent training.
I think Dual hydraulic system failed or dual engine failure is most difficult during the recurrent
training.
3. How often do you have your recurrent training? How many hours does recurrent training last for
each time?
We usually have 2 recurrent trainings each year. Each time, we have to complete 12 hours of training.
/Every year I need 24hours of simulator training.

4. Do you like simulator training? Why?

Yes, I do. Simulator training can help us to be familiar with abnormal situations and related
procedures, so when I encounter an emergency I will be able to better handle it.

5. Where do you have simulator training? In china or other countries?

If I passed ICAO English level 4, I will be in Pudong for simulator training.

6. What’s your favorite university subject?

In flying university, my favorite subject is flying, because when I was flying in the sky I am excited
about.

附加：Recurrent training , CRM, dangerous cargo,

How often do you have you ...? Do you think xxx is important for you?
From training, I can review aviation theory and improve flying skills, especially how to deal
with some emergency situations such as engine failure, engine fires, hydraulic system failure. If
we really encounter such situations in our flights, we can be calm, and deal with the problems
quickly , correctly.

五、规章 Regulations:
1. If you are approaching the “duty time limit” and still in flight, would that affects your decision
making? Why?
Yes, it is. If I was approaching “duty time limit” and still in flight, I would get fatigue. Fatigue will
affect our decision ability, especially when encounter abnormal situation, we might make mistake,
it will affect our decision making..

2. Do you think pilot are given enough rest time between flights? Why? Why is it a major factor in
flight safety?
Yes, I think so. According to the regulation, we must have hours for rest between flights, it can
prevent pilot fatigue.
If pilots don’t have enough rest time, they may feel fatigue during flight. In such situation, they
couldn’t focus on controlling the aircraft, may be slow in reaction, become easy to make mistake,
miss some warnings, or even make bad decision. These are very dangerous for flight safety
especially in emergency situation.

3. Do you like the in -flight catering?

No, I don’t like. I think the catering in flight is clean and healthy but not delicious. Sometimes I have
to eat the same food in a week during flight, so I don’t like it.

4. Do you have the same food with captain or first officer? Why?
According to CAAC regulation, the captain and the first officer must not eat the same food, In case
of there is something wrong with food, at that situation, at least one pilot is ok to control the aircraft.
If captain have to have the same food with first officer, I will separate at least one hour.

5. Do you think it is important for pilots to keep healthy, why?

Yes, I think so. As a pilot, we should keep healthy body, because our working condition is different
from others. flying is a high stress work, if the pilot have good health, we encounter abnormal
situation, we can safely control the aircraft, it’s very important for flight safety.

6. If your captain or first officer becomes incapacity in flight, what would you do?
Firstly, I will control the aircraft, and report ATC, declare medical emergency. Secondly, I will
inform cabin crew to provide assistance; finally, I will follow SOP and regulations.

7. What might cause crew incapacity or incapacitation in flight?

For example, heart attack, high blood pressure and asthma will cause pilot incapacity, that’s the
reason why we should keep healthy body.

8. In your opinion, what could we do to minimize the risks of crew incapacity or incapacitation?
We should keep fit, such as playing basketball, swimming and running, also. We should pay attention
to our daily catering, before flying to complete a medical check.

9. Do you think pilot can read newspapers or magazine in the cockpit during the flight?
According to the regulation, pilot couldn’t read newspapers or magazine during flight.
10. If you are the first officer. And you notice your captain is reading a novel during flight? / If your
captain is reading novels / newspaper in flight, what will you do?
According to the rules and regulations of our company, he cannot do this. I will tell him to stop
reading and tell him this is very dangerous for flight safety,

11. What will you do if you feel uncomfortable in flight?

I will give the control to my first officer/ colleague, tell to ATC and our company dispatcher this
situation, and try my best to make a safe landing.

12. If your first office is incapacitated, what should you do?

I will ask sky marshal to take my first officer out of the cockpit, then I will ask my purser to help me
to landing.
（I will give the control to my first officer. Tell ATC and our company dispatcher and try my best to
make a safe landing.）

13. What are the prohibited or dangerous areas?

Some areas that maybe military controlled or restricted area contains confidential information
such as missile launching areas, that prevent the aircraft to fly over.

六、暴力乘客: Unruly passengers

1. If there’s a fight between two passengers on your aircraft, what will you do?
If this happens on the ground, I’ll report this to our company dispatcher and request policeman on
board.
If this happens in flight, I’ll report this to our company dispatcher and request policeman on board
after landing, and I will ask the Sky marshal to control/restrain them.
/ I will request purser to deal with it, as a pilot, I must control the aircraft.

2. If the passenger refused to check-in his over-sized luggage, how do you deal with it?
If this happens, I’ll report this to our company dispatcher to ask them to deal with it.

3. If you made a hard landing, how will you explain to your boss?
I will report to him the facts of the situation, and I should fill a captain report form.
4. If there is a drunk (or unruly) passenger on your flight, what would you do?
I will inform purser, and she will deal with it.
/If he makes trouble to other passengers on the ground, I’ll report this to our company dispatcher and
request policeman on board. Disembark the drunk (or unruly) passengers.
If this happens in flight, I’ll report this to our company dispatcher and request policeman on board
after landing, and I will ask the sky marshal to control them.

5. If the passenger refuses to turn off his mobile phone, what will you do?
According to the civil aviation regulations, all personnel should close the phone before taking off. If
the aircraft is on the ground, I will let the crew persuade him to close the phone, If he does not listen
to advice, for flight safety, I will contact ATC disembark the passenger. If it happens during flight, I
will ask the sky marshal to turn off his mobile

七、安检：Security check
1. What can the airport security check do to prevent the terrorist activity?

2. Do you think the ground security check has improved in the last decades?
Yes, at present, many advanced inspection equipment（facilities）is used in the airport, so that
prohibited articles are not being taken on the plane that greatly ensure flight safety.

3. What are your suggestions on how to improve the airport security check?
I think they should buy some advanced equipment to improve the airport security check.

4. Do you have any suggestions to improve the security check in China?

No I have nothing to suggest that, I for security check not very understanding,

5. What kind of medical help can the cabin crew provide to the passengers on board?

6. Why is liquid not allowed to be carried into the cabin?

According to the rules and regulations of CAAC, the passenger cannot take the liquid in to the cabin,
if the liquid is flammable, it will be very dangerous for flight safety.

7. Do you think it is necessary for the catering staff to take the security check?
Yes, I think the security check should not only for passenger; catering staff should be subject to
security check.

八、燃油：Fuel
1. How to determine the fuel endurance?
We based on the flight distance and the civil aviation regulations in an alternate fuel to carry enough
fuel, if en-route or destination airport weather is bad. We should carry enough for go round or divert
fuel quantity.
In addition I think many factors may affect flight endurance, such as flight level, cruise speed,
weight, wind condition, and so on, in flight pilots according to these factors to determine endurance.

2. What is your company’s fuel policy? / Do you company have any fuel saving policy?
According to my company’s operations manual, It encourage pilots to save fuel as much as possible
in every flight, then company will give a bonus to pilots.

3. Do you think saving fuel is the responsibility of the pilot?

No, I think for the most important responsibility of pilot is to ensure the flight safety.
However, if you do not affect flight safety, the pilot has the responsibility for the company to save
fuel.

4, if you save the fuel for your company, can you get the bonus?
Yes, I can, but only a little bonus.

5. How to save fuel in your flight?

There are many ways to save fuel, such as choice of higher flight level and the appropriate speed,
direct flying to destination way point.

6. Do you think high cruising level helps reducing fuel consumption? Why?
Yes, usually we think flying at high cruise level can reduce fuel consumption. But there are still
some factors we should think about. For example, at high cruise level, we are likely to encounter
stronger head wind, more turbulence and icing condition. These situations may affect fuel
consumption or even flight safety.
7. What’s your opinion about pilot role in saving fuel? What’s your opinion on airlines policy of
encouraging pilots to save fuel?
I think pilots play important role in saving fuel, because pilots control the aircraft in most flight
operation. I think our company’s fuel policy is good. It encourages pilots to save fuel and reduce
operation cost. We follow the fuel policy, we can get the bonus.

8. Why do you think airlines encourage pilots saving fuel and what the function of pilots saving fuel?
I think saving fuel can not only cost savings for the company, but also can protect the environment

9. What are the consequences of using contaminated fuel? /What will be the result if contaminated
fuel is put into the aircraft?
It will be very dangerous for the flight safety, that maybe cause aircraft performance degrades even
the engines will shut down or the engine will be damaged.

10. What is the maximum fuel quantity for your aircraft?

The maximum fuel quantity of A320 is 24 ton.

11. What are the reasons for fuel shortage?

We encounter bad weather or strong head wind en-route, or engine oil leak, which cause fuel
shortage.

12. When do you declare the emergency? And at what circumstances should you declare fuel
emergency?
According civil aviation regulations, if the fuel endurance for keeping 1500 ft. is less than 30
minutes, we must declare fuel emergency.

13. What’s your suggestion to your company’s fuel saving policy?

No, I haven’t. That's not my expertise.

九、危险品：Dangerous good
1. Do you need specific training for dangerous goods transportation?
Yes, according to regulations, pilots must take recurrent training for dangerous goods every two
years.
2. Does your company provide dangerous goods training for you? /Do you have the training about
dangerous goods in your company?
We have this kind of training once a year.

3. What have you learned from the dangerous goods training?

The training covers the category of dangerous goods, and how to identify the dangerous cargo, the
procedure of transportation and handling the dangerous goods when there is leakage.

4. Why some goods are considered dangerous?

Because some good may have flammable material, toxic material and radioactive material,
explosive material, corrosive material，it may harm people and aircraft or environment.

5. If there is leakage of dangerous goods in flight. What should you do?

If there is leakage of dangerous goods in flight, it will harm people and aircraft, so we should report
this situation to ATC, and request priority landing and emergency service, after landing we should
make emergency evacuation as soon as possible.

6. Can you name some of the dangerous goods?

Some common dangerous goods have the following, explosives, flammable fluid, toxic gas,
radioactive waste, and so on.
/Lighter, drink, bomb, oxygen bottle

十、程序：Procedure
1. What do you usually do in the briefing room before you board the aircraft for a flight?
Normally, we check the flight plan, and get weather information, fuel situation, and departure airport
and destination airport condition. The captain task sharing with each crew member, make safe
prevent and how to deal with abnormal and emergency situation.

2. What information or data must you obtain before departure? Where can you get this information
or data?
We must get flight plan, weather information, load sheet, fuel situation, departure airport and
destination condition, we can get these information from our dispatch office.
3. How do you get the loading sheet?
We can get the loading sheet from ground staff or weight and balance department.

4. Which department is responsible for the provision of the loading sheet to the flight crew?
Weight and balance department is responsible for the provision of the loading sheet to the flight crew.

5. What’s the use of loading sheet? What kinds of information are including in the loading sheet?
Please give some examples?
Pilot can get cargo load information from loading sheet. It can help pilot to make preflight
preparation. Loading sheet includes it includes passenger information, CG, cargo information and
fuel information.

6. How long does your preflight preparation last?

According to our company regulation, we make pre-flight preparation last for half and one hour.

7. is walk-around a part of your preflight preparation? Please say something about your walk-around
check?
Yes, it is. We should follow SOP to check the aircraft, such as we should check landing gear, wing
engine, fuselage, airframe tire and so on.

8. If you find something abnormal during your pre-flight system check, what would you do?
If I find something abnormal during preflight system check, I will inform the situation to company
dispatch and ask ground staff to check and solve the problem. Also, I will check MEL and make the
final decision.

9. Do you have such experience of finding out something abnormal during pre-flight preparation?
How did you deal with the situation?
No. I haven’t. If I find out abnormal situation, I will request ground staff to deal with this problem. I
have check with the MEL; finally, everybody must follow SOP.

10. Assume that you are going to fly tomorrow. Will you make any preparation today? How would
you prepare for your flight the day before?
Yes, I will prepare today.
Normally, we will prepare the flight in the internet at least for 30 minutes. We can find weather
information, airport data and other important information. Of course, we should take a test before we
finish preparation.

11, what do you do during your pre-flight preparation? What are your procedures?
Normally, we check the flight plan; get weather information, fuel situation, departure airport, and
destination condition. We finish preparations in the briefing room, and start walk-around check the
aircraft. Then we begin cockpit preparation.

12. What should pilots do to increase the safety margin?

If we want to increase the safety margin, we must comply with company regulations and follow SOP
strictly, have perfect flying skills and good CRM, make pre-flight preparation carefully, keep calm
when emergency situation happens.

十一、中断起飞: Abort the takeoff

1. What may cause the pilot to abort the takeoff?
There are many reasons could cause pilot to abort take-off, such as Engine fire, Engine failure,
configuration warning, tire burst, wind shear, Runway incursion, other problem that affect flight
safety, and ATC’s instruction.

2. How to make the RTO (Reject takeoff)? /And what is your procedure for rejected take off?
if we abort the takeoff , First of all, we put the throttle setting to idle, deploy speed brake, Use max
thrust-reverser, second we should maintain runway heading avoid aircraft skid off the runway,
finally reduce aircraft speed and vacate the runway and then report to ATC and company dispatcher.

3. What are the possible consequences if the pilot rejected the takeoff after V1?
If the pilot rejected the takeoff after V1, the aircraft might rush out of the runway, which will lead to
aircraft damaged such as fuselage, nose cone, landing gears, engine and so on.

4. Please tell me how to make a rejected take off?

Firstly, captain call stop, retard thrust to idle, and maintain runway heading, use maximum braking
and thrust reverser. Deploy speed brake, stop on the runway. Secondly, report ATC our situation,
finally, follow SOP and finish checklist.
5. Do you experience abort the takeoff?
No, I haven’t.

十二、合作：Cooperate
1. What will you do if you have different opinion with the captain or first officer?
We should respect each other, and the important thing is we should follow SOP and regulations.

2. What is your understanding of CRM?

CRM means crew resource management. CRM includes task sharing, cooperation and
communication. It is will ensure flight safety.

3. Do you think a pilot should be familiar with flight attendant’s work?

Yes, I think so. Because we are a team, we should know each other’s work, If the pilots know
something about flight attendants working in the cabin, in case we encounter emergency situation,
the pilot can help them and give proper instruction, we can work together to ensure flight safety.

4. Do you have to have emergency training together with the cabin crew? (If yes, please describe it,
if no, do you think you should?)
No, we don’t. But I think we should training together, because we are a team, we should working
together, in case we encounter emergency situation, we can cooperation to ensure flight safety.

5. How can pilots work together with cabin crew to ensure flight safety?
We should work as a team. First we should communicate with each other, exchange information and
ideas. Second follow SOP and regulations. At the same time, we should keep good CRM and ensure
flight safety.

6. How can cabin crew contribute to flight safety in emergency situation?

In emergency situation, the cabin crew can comfort the passengers and give them some instruction
about how to use emergency equipment, tell them what should do before evacuation.

7. Why is cabin crew importation dealing with emergency situation?

In emergency situation, the cabin crew is very important for us to ensure the flight safety. If we
encounter emergency situation, the cabin crew will comfort the passengers in the cabin make
preparation for the emergency evacuation. If we have to carry out emergency evacuation after
landing, they can evacuate the passengers from the aircraft as soon as possible.

8. What should pilot do to coordinate with cabin crew in emergency situation?

In emergency situation, pilot should finish their procedure first, and then they should work together
with the cabin crew. For example, during emergency evacuation, pilot should inform cabin crew be
prepare for evacuation, and instruct passengers leave the aircraft.

9. What emergency training do you take with cabin crew?

We practice how to evacuate from the cabin, how to extinguish the fire and how to use the
emergency equipment.

10. What should captain do to have the whole crew working as a team?
Captain is the leader of flight crew. During the flight, captain should practice good CRM to manage
the whole crew. During emergency situation, captain is responsible to make final decision

11. Why do you think a captain should do to have the whole crew working as a team?
Because I think captain is the leader of the whole crew, captain should make crew work as a team;
good cooperation could provide good team work and good CRM. This is very important for flight
safety.

12. Does your company provide CRM training? Could you tell me about it?
Yes, we have CRM training in my company. Normally, when we have the recurrent training every
year, we will have CRM training at the same time, during this training; we learn how to cooperate
with other crew members, and the importance to ensure flight safety.

13. Do you think the CRM training in your company is good enough? Why?
I think the CRM training in our company is very good. We have such kind of class in our company.
Also we often have this kind of training during our simulator time. In the training, we strict follow
the SOP. The captain tasks sharing to every crew member and cooperate with each other to solve the
problem when emergency situation happens.

14. Human error is a major factor concerning flight safety. Do you think good cooperation between
captain and first officer would benefit flight safety?
Yes, of course. It’s a part of CRM. Good cooperation between captain and first officer is very
important for flight safety. It can reduce human error, improve operation efficiency.

15. Do you think human error is a major factor concerning flight safety? Why do you think so?
Yes, I think so. According to accident data shows, 80 %( percent) of the accidents are caused by
human error, how to avoid human error is very important, it requires pilots follow SOP and
regulations. At the same time, we should establish good CRM.

16. How do you cooperate with cabin crew when you skip slide?
During emergency evacuation, pilot should inform cabin crew be prepare for evacuation, and instruct
passengers leave the aircraft. After pilot finish their procedure, then they should work together with
the cabin crew, they can evacuate the passengers from the aircraft as soon as possible.

17. How do you understand CRM?

The CRM means crew resource management; it includes cooperation, communication, teamwork,
task-sharing and situational awareness. Good CRM can reduce pilots’ workload, increase working
efficiency, and prevent human errors.

18.What’s your understanding of RVSM?

The RVSM means (refers to/ stands for/ is the short form for) reduced vertical separation minimum.
It reduces the flight separation from 2,000 feet to 1,000 feet between FL290 and FL410. It increases
flight levels and the capacity of airspace. But it reduces the safety margin. More advanced equipment
is required to meet RVSM standard. And the workload of ATC and pilots is increased.

十三、通讯：Communication
1. Under normal or abnormal circumstances, who’s in charge of the radio communication in cockpit?
This is a part of CRM, crew members should have clear task sharing during flight, usually the pilot
flying (PF) controls the aircraft, the pilot monitoring (PM) is in charge of the radio communication
with ATC.
During abnormal situation, captain controls the aircraft and first officer is in charge of the radio
communication with ATC, because captain is the leader of flight crew, he must control the aircraft
and makes final decision.
2. When does pilot carry out radio check? How to carry out radio check?
If pilots found no voice exchanges over the radio for a long time, they may need radio check. Or
when disturbance or loud noises happen during communication, pilots need radio check. When you
carry out radio check, you speak to ATC “how do you read me?” or “request radio check. Also you
may need to check the equipment, such as transmitter, earphone and microphone.

3. What do you think can cause radio communication failure during flight? What could be the
possible reasons of radio communication failure?
Radio communication failure can be caused by several reasons, for example, the communication
system lose power, the transmitter or receiver malfunction, the communication system fails, the
antenna by lightning strike, or pilots set wrong frequency, and so on.

4. What factors may affect radio communication? What could pilot do to improve communication
with ATC?
Several factors can affect radio communication, such as radio equipment problem, disturbance from
the other aircraft, and unclear instructions and responses. In order to improve radio communication,
pilots should make sure the good condition of radio equipment before each flight, and during flight,
pilots should use standard radiotelephony, say loudly and clearly. If misunderstanding happens,
always check and confirm with ATC.

5. Have you heard any accident caused by the misunderstanding between pilots and ATC?
Sorry, I haven’t heard such accident caused by radio misunderstanding.

6. Tell me some efficient ways to avoid misunderstanding. / How to avoid the misunderstanding in
radio communication?
I think during flight pilots should keep good cooperation with ATC and follow their instructions
strictly, pilot communication with ATC use standard radiotelephony clearly and loudly. If the pilots
think ATC instruction isn’t correct. The pilots should confirm it with ATC to avoid mistake and
misunderstanding to ensure flight safety.

7. Can you tell me what kind of radio communication equipment on your aircraft?
On my aircraft, there’s high frequency, very high frequency, satellite phone and ACARS (Aircraft
Communication Addressing and Reporting System) for communication.
8. Do you know the company procedure to deal with radio failure? / What should pilots do when
encountering two way communication failures in the air?
If the radio communication failed, Firstly, we should keep calm and squawk 7600, secondly, try to
blind transmit, finally, we should follow SOP and checklist. And divert to nearest suitable airport for
landing

9. What are some of the ways to communicate with ATC in flight?

When we fly the short route, we use VHF to communicate with ATC in flight; when we fly the long
route we use HF to communicate with ATC

10. Why do you think good communication between captain and first officer are important?
Because they are a team, good communication could provide good CRM. Good CRM can reduce
work load and human error. I think good communication between captain and first officer is very
important to flight safety.

十四、应急：Emergency
1. In case of in-flight emergency, when would you call mayday?
When we encounter distress situation, we normally can Mayday, such as engine fire, when we
encounter urgency situation. Such as engine failure, we call PANPAN.

2. In case of in-flight emergency, when would you call MAYDAY? When would you call PANPAN?
What’s the difference?
When the aircraft is in immediate danger and needs immediate assistance, the pilot should call
MAYDAY. In this case, the aircraft and the people on board are in distress situation, such as engine
fire, hydraulic system failure, fire in the cabin or in the cargo compartment, and so on. The pilots
need to land as soon as possible.
When the aircraft is in emergency situation but is not in immediate danger, the pilot should call
PANPAN. We call it urgency situation, such as one engine failure on multi-engine aircraft, passenger
injury / illness. However, urgency doesn’t require immediate assistance.

3. Have you ever encountered any abnormal situation in flight? Would you please describe it?
Yes, I have, two years ago; I flew from SH to BJ. During cruise my purse told me one passenger
suffered heart attack. I made captain announcement and found doctor onboard. At the same time, I
reported to ATC and declare medical emergency, request diverted to Jinan airport. Finally, when we
landed at Jinan, Medical assistance was waiting for us.

4. When is it necessary for you to make an in-flight emergency descent?

When we encounter in-flight emergency situation such as depressurization cockpit or cabin smoke,
even fire, we must make in-flight emergency descent.

5. If there is a strange smell in the cockpit, what will you do?

Firstly, I should find out where is the smell coming from and what is the smell. Secondly, I must
follow SOP and checklist to control the situation, finally, report ATC and inform company.

6. Why are pilot required to be familiar with emergency equipment?

Because emergency equipment is very important to flight safety, for example, when we encounter in-
flight depressurization, we should know how to use the oxygen mask. It will save us and ensure
flight safety.

7. What should you do if you decide to return to land due to engine failure?
Firstly, control the aircraft. Secondly, report ATC, declare emergency and request assistance. Finally,
follow SOP and finish checklist, deal with the problem.

8. In what circumstances do you declare the medical emergency?

If a passenger had a heart attack on board or my passenger is injured during the turbulence, I will
declare the medical emergency.

9. If a passenger had a heart attack in the flight, what will you do?
I will divert the nearest alternate airport and request medical assistance.

10. In which situation do you need to prepare for the emergency evacuation?
For example, after emergency landing because engine fire and bomb on board, cabin fire, cabin
smoke, and so on, we need emergency evacuation.

11. Have you ever heard any story about emergency slides deployed on the ground?
Yes, I remember two years ago in Wuhan airport, there have been an error event; Crew deployed the
emergency slide in normal condition.
12. How do you carry out emergency evacuation?

十五、导航系统：Navigation equipment
1. What navaids do you use in flight?
NDB (non-directional radio beacon), DME (distance measuring equipment), VOR (very-high-
frequency Omni-range)

2. Tell me about different (types of) approaches?

I know some different approach, such as Instrument precision. Non precision approach, visual
approach, VOR and NDB approach as so on.

3. If you get lost in flight, what will you do?

I think this will not happen now. Because we have many advanced navigation equipment on the
aircraft and on the ground. But if this happens, I will request radar vector to my destination.

4. Do you know of ILS and VOR? /What are advantages of flying ILS approach compared with VOR
approach?
ILS stands for instrument landing system; it’s a precise approach. VOR stands for very high
frequency Omni-directional range, it’s an imprecise approach.
VOR approach has only localizer, Compared with VOR approach, ILS approach has localizer and
glide path, it can reduce pilot workload, improve operation efficiency and safety margin.

5. If are your on board navigational equipment failed, what will you do?
This situation is very dangerous for flight safety. If this happens, I will request radar vector to my
destination.

6. During flight, what navigational aids do you usually use?

During flight I usually use as follows navigational aids IRU, GPS, radar vector, ILS, VOR, DME,
and so on.

7. What should you do if your on-board navigation equipment fails?

If our on-board navigation equipment fails, we should keep calm and maintain current heading and
FL, report our situation to ATC, request radar vector. Try to visual flight and fly to the nearest airport
for landing.

8. What navigational equipment will be integrated [ˈɪntɪgreɪtɪd] into cockpit in the future?
There is much navigation equipment on our aircraft, such as ILS, VOR, DME, NDB and so on. I
think in the future, more advanced equipment will be installed in the aircraft, but I don’t know what
it is.

9. Electrical system failure

I have never experience electrical system failure. Our aircraft is very advanced, it has emergent bus
tie. If one electrical system fails, the another system will replace it and continue to work.

十六、液压系统：Hydraulic system
1. How many hydraulic system there on your aircraft?
There are three hydraulic systems on the aircraft; they are green, blue and yellow system.

2. Can you make a brief introduction of your hydraulic system?

A320 has three hydraulic systems: the green system, the blue system and the yellow system. They
control the movement of much equipment. Such as the landing gears, the reverser, the braking
system, the control surfaces and landing gears.

3. When one system fails, will it affect the flight safety?

No, I don’t think so; the other system will replace the failed system working.

4. What are the main functions of hydraulic system? / is the hydraulic system important to flight
operation?
It provides power to flight control system, such as landing gear extension and retraction, flaps
operation. Break operation and so on.

5. When there is a hydraulic fluid leak, what will you do?

We should turn off the hydraulic pump, and finish checklist, then report ATC.

6. If there is a leakage of the hydraulic fluid, what should you do?

The lack of hydraulic pressure will cause the malfunction of many important control surfaces, so I'll
judge it affected what function of the aircraft, and request emergency landing.

7. What are the consequences of hydraulic system failure in flight?

If the hydraulic system failed in-fight, the landing gears may not be able to be extended. It requires
foam runway to landing. The control surfaces may be jammed. The aircraft will become hard to
control, it requires longer runway for landing due to high speed. This is very dangerous to flight
safety.

8. If your landing gear couldn’t be extend on an approach, what will you do?
I will try manually extending the landing gear, if this doesn’t work, I must follow SOP and checklist,
be prepare for belly landing, at the same time, I will declare emergency.

9. If you decide to make a belly landing, what preparations should you make before landing?
Firstly, before making a belly landing, Maybe we’ll request fuel dumping, secondly, we’ll declare
emergency and request foam runway and emergency assistances on arrival, fire truck, ambulances,
and so on. Finally, we must follow SOP and checklist.

10. Do you think belly landing is safe? Why?

No, I don’t think so; I think belly landing is very dangerous, because it may cause aircraft structure
damage, even crash. Normally, I will not make belly landing, but during emergency condition, I
have to make belly landing.

十七、空调系统: Air-conditioning
1. Where does the crew oxygen come from?
I think it’s come from Oxygen cylinder //oxygen bottle

2. Have you ever encountered the air-conditioning system failure in flight?

No, I haven’t, because the training aircraft in flight school is no air -conditioning system.

3. What will you do if the air-conditioning system failed in flight?

In case of air conditioning system failure, the temperature of cabin will out of control, we should
request descend to suitable altitude. According to company SOP, we must land at nearest airport.
4. Will you return to land or continue to fly if the air-conditioning system failed in flight?
It depends on the condition, if both air conditioning systems fail; we must make an emergency
descent, divert nearest suitable airport to emergency landing. But if only one system fail, we can
continue the flight, and report ATC ask for assistance, such as request a low flight level.

十八、座舱失压：Depressurization
1. Could you say something about oxygen system on your aircraft?
We have crew oxygen and passenger oxygen system, it includes oxygen masks and some portable
oxygen bottles, oxygen system could provide oxygen to person on board.

2. In which circumstance do you use oxygen masks in flight?

When we encounter in-flight depressurization, cockpit or cabin smoke, we will use oxygen mask.

3. Do you have pressurization system on the aircraft? Why do you think we need pressurization
system on the aircraft?
Yes, I have. Advanced commercial aircraft flying higher and higher, in order to help passenger avoid
hypoxia in high altitude and feel as comfortable as in ground, modern commercial transport
aircraft use pressurization system.

4. What factors may cause in flight depressurization?

There are many conditions might cause in-fight depressurization. Such as Air conditioning systems
failure, bird strike, lightning strike causes the fuselage damage, and aircraft system failure.

5. In your opinion, which situation is more dangerous in flight? Slow depressurization or rapid
depressurization? Why?
I think rapid depressurization is more dangerous, because it will cause person incapacity within very
short time and we don’t have enough time to deal with it.

6. In case of rapid depressurization, what are your standard operation procedures?

Firstly, put on oxygen mask and establish crew communication. Secondly, make emergency descend
and report ATC declare emergency. Finally, finish checklist and follow SOP.

7. When do you need to use the oxygen mask?

When we encounter rapid depressurization, cockpit smoke and cabin fire, we need to use the oxygen
mask.

8. Under what circumstance would the passenger oxygen masks drop down automatically in flight?
When we encounter rapid depressurization, the passenger oxygen masks will drop down
automatically.

十九、烟雾：Smoke
1. What should you do if there is smoke in the cockpit?
If there is smoke in the cockpit, we should put on oxygen masks and establish intercom. Then cut
off air conditioning packs. Report the situation to ATC and request return to land. After landing we
should execute emergency evacuation as soon as possible.

2. What should you do if the flight attendant reports smoke in the cabin?
If the flight attendant reports smoke in the cabin, we should put on oxygen masks and establish
intercom. Then cut off air conditioning packs. Report the situation to ATC and request return to land.
After landing we should execute emergency evacuation as soon as possible.

3. What is the possible reason of smoke in cockpit?

I think the possible reasons of smoke in cockpit are electrical system failure, some equipment catch
fire, and dangerous goods leakage and so on.

二十、炸弹:Bomb
1. If ATC informs you that they received an anonymous call saying there is a bomb on your aircraft,
what will you do?
I should advise flight attendants to check any suspicious package in cabin, if the bomb is true,
request emergency landing and EOD/bomb disposal squad, fire engine on arrival.
/When our received an anonymous call saying that a bomb on our aircraft. If the aircraft is on the
ground, we will disembark the passenger immediately and request bomb squad. If the aircraft is in
the flight we should request priority landing and bomb disposal squad, after landing we should
execute emergency evacuation as soon as possible.

2. What is your company’s specific procedure for bomb on board?

First of all, I will judge the message of true and false, and Search for suspicious package. If we found
a suspicious package on board, we will request emergency landing and EOD/bomb disposal squad,
fire engine on arrival.

二十一、地面碰撞：Ground collision
1. Do you know ground collision?
Yes, I know some ground collision accidents

2. Have you heard of any ground collision incidents? / Have you ever heard of the accident of ground
collision?
Two years ago, a ground collision between CSN B777（treble） and CES A320 happened at
Beijing International airport. As the A320 was pushed back onto the taxiway, its tail section collided
with the right wingtip of the taxiing B777. I think both the pilots on B777 and two mechanics were
responsible for the accident. The pilots on B777 didn’t look out of the aircraft during taxiing and two
mechanics didn’t observe traffic on the taxiway carefully when they operated the pushback.

3. Why does ground collision sometimes happen? / According to your opinion, why did the ground
collision happen?
I think the following may be a ground collision accident, including human errors, low visibility,
contaminated runway, braking action poor and so on.

4. What damages might ground collision bring to the aircraft?

There are many damages bring to the aircraft, such as flight control surface ,fuselage, fuel tank, radar
dome, engine or landing gear, and even personnel were injured.

5. If you collide with a ground truck while taxiing, what would you do?
I should report to ATC and inform company. At the same time, request maintenance personnel
come for check the aircraft, if the aircraft suffer severe damage even fire, we should prepare for
evacuation.

6. In your opinion, how to reduce the ground collision incidents?

We should follow ATC clearance when we on the ground. When we have questions about any
clearance, we should confirm. in low visibility situation, we must strictly follow taxiing instruction,
and look out of the window and obverse carefully while taxiing. We’ll reduce speed slow on
contaminated runway.

二十二、鸟击、发动机吸入异物：Bird strike, ingestion

1. Why bird activity considered hazardous to flight safety?
After bird strike, the aircraft's fuselage may be damaged, especially after bird into engine, the engine
will fail, and bird strike occurred in low level, which is very dangerous situation.

2. What are the consequences of bird activity? And what should you do after bird strike?
After bird strike, the aircraft's fuselage may be damaged, if bird into engine, the engine will fail. We
will request emergency landing.

3. Do you feel ready about the bird strike?

4. Do you feel prepared to deal with bird strike?

I have never encountered bird strike during flight. But I feel prepared, because I know the procedures
to avoid it and to deal with it.

5. At which flight phases do you usually encounter bird strike?

Because birds activity in the low level, we usually encounter bird strike during takeoff and landing.

6. Do you have any suggestions to reduce the bird strike?

According to the rules and regulations of our company, below 10000 feet, we should turn on all
lights, reduce to a slower speed.
I suggest the airport authorities should buy some advanced equipment to get rid of the bird in the
vicinity of the airport.

7. How to deal with the situation in case of bird ingestion on climb?

In case of bird ingestion on climb, we should report the situation to ATC and request to return to land.
After landing we should contact company dispatch and ask for maintenance stuff to check it
carefully.

8. When do these kinds of accidents like to occur? (No 1 engine of B747 has ingested a big box)
I think this kind of accidents like to occur during start or taxi.

9. What should pilot do if ingestion occurs during takeoff?

During takeoff the engine ingests FOD（Foreign Object Damage）, it will endanger flight safety.
1) If engine ingestion occurs before V1, we should abort/reject takeoff at once. Set engine to idle,
use the max reverse, deploy spoiler. Report ATC the condition and ask for ground service. After
stopping, carry out checklist.
2) If engine ingestion occurs after V1, we have to continue takeoff and try my best to control the
aircraft attitude. When getting the safety altitude, carry out the checklist, report ATC and request
priority landing and emergency services.

10. What can we or airport do beforehand to avoid this accident? (Engine ingestion)
During flight, flight crew should have task arrangement. During taxi, the pilot monitoring should
observe the taxiway and runway condition carefully and caution the pilot flying in time.
Airport should provide better service to keep taxiway and runway clear, for example frequently
check the runway condition and report to ATC.

11. What measure could be taken to prevent bird strike?

To prevent bird strike, we should listen to ATIS carefully to know bird activity information as
precaution. During takeoff or en route below 10000 feet, turn on the landing lights to caution birds.
Also, adjust speed to 250 knots to minimize the damage from bird strike.

二十三、备降，延误：Diversion and delay

1. Have you ever diverted? What are the reasons for diversion?
No, I haven’t. But my colleagues have had such experiences. Last month; he flew from Nanchang to
Hong Kong. And he encountered typhoon, he found that the sky of the airport was covered by
thunderstorm. So I decided to divert to FUZHOU airport.

2. What information do you need to know about the alternate airport?

We will consider the alternate airport’s runway length, the service ability, the ability to handle the
passengers, the maintenance level and the medical service.

3. What support can you get from ATC for division?

I can get the following support from ATC, weather condition at our alternate airport, radar vectoring,
Priority landing.

4. What will you do if you return for landing due to engine failure?
First, I will report ATC the situation and intend, second, I will make checklist about engine failure,
final I will carry out return procedure about engine failure,

5. What are the possible causes for the delay?

There are many causes for the delay, such as bad weather, mechanical failure, airspace restriction and
so on.

6. What are your suggestions for reducing the delays?

I think we could have more flight levels in the sky, then the flow control will be reduced and our
delay will be reduced too.

7. Have you experienced delay? Or have you experienced long-time delay?

No, I haven’t.

8. Do you think more delays happen in large airport? Why？Do you have any suggestion to reduce
delay?
Yes, I think long delays more frequently occur at big airports, because big airports have more flights,
aircraft and passengers. Also big airports have more complicated procedures for departure and
arrival, which take longer time. So long delays usually happen at big airports.
To reduce delay, we should cooperate with ATC, follow the instruction and regulations strictly, for
example RVSM procedure.

9. Have you ever fly to an airport near sea? What should you pay attention to when flying to this
kind of airports?
Yes, I have, such as Hong Kong airport, as I know there is much down draft and up draft near the
water area, with the rapid change of temperature and humidity, it’s like to encounter CB and wind
shear. Therefor we during approach on final, pilots must pay more attention to the wind direction,
wind speed, airspeed. If the aircraft is drifting suddenly, pilots should make go around.
10. What do you think about airlines compensating passengers after long delays?
I think long delays may be caused by many reasons, such as traffic follow control, mechanical
problem, bad weather condition and so on. If the delay is really caused by the airline’s fault, they
should compensate the passengers. But if it’s caused by natural things such as bad weather condition,
it’s not necessary to compensate the passengers.

二十四、天气：Weather
1. Which weather condition do you think is the most dangerous to fly in? Why?
I think the thunderstorm weather condition is most dangerous to fly in. Because the thunderstorm
contains heavy rain, lightning, severe turbulence, poor visibility, hails and wind shear. If we fly into
it by accident, heavy rain and hails will be ingested into the engine and cause engine flame out. We
may be struck by lightning, suffered instruments malfunction and structural damage. Also the
turbulence and wind shear might injure passengers and flight crews.

2. What are your suggestions for reducing the risk of incidents caused by hazardous weather?
Before departure, if I know there is bad weather at the destination, I will delay my takeoff.
After takeoff, we will turn on the weather radar onboard. If I find bad weather ahead of us, I will
request to go round it and request to divert to the alternate airport if necessary.
If I know there is bad weather en route, I will add more fuel to go round it and request to divert to the
alternate airport if necessary.

3. What would you experience if you fly into the yellow or red part of the radar display?
If we fly into the yellow or red part of the radar display, we will encounter bad weather, it’s very
damager for aircraft; for example, severe turbulence, heavy rain, icing, hailstone, lighting strike and
wind shear.

二十五、 颠簸：Turbulence
1. Why do you think turbulence is sometime dangerous to flight safety?
If we encounter severe turbulence during flight, firstly, it might hurt passengers even crew member.
Secondly, it might damage the aircraft. This situation is very dangerous to flight safety.

2. When there is a passenger injured in the turbulence during the flight, what will you do?
We should report ATC, and request land at the nearest suitable airport. At the same time, we should
request medical assistance.

3. Besides turbulence what other bad weather condition do you know? How do they affect flight
safety?
Such as wind shear, thunderstorm, volcanic ash and so on. For example, if we encounter
thunderstorm, we might suffer lightning strike, it will affect flight safety.

4. Do you think turbulence is dangerous to flight safety, why?

Yes, I do. If we encounter severs turbulence during flight, firstly, it might hurt passenger even crew
member, secondly, it might damage the aircraft. This situation is very dangerous to flight safety.

5. How can you avoid turbulence?

Firstly, we should know the weather information before departure. Secondly, we listen to the
turbulence report from ATC from previous aircraft.

6. If you encounter turbulence during the flight, what will you do?
We should control the aircraft. Set suitable speed, fasten seat belt and make captain announcement.
Also, we will inform ATC and request flight level change and fly out of the turbulence.

7. When you encounter bad weather during flight, what will you do?
In my opinion, we should follow SOP, control the aircraft. Fasten seat belt, and make captain
announcement. Also, we will inform ATC and fly out of the bad weather according to the weather
radar.

二十六、雷击：Lightning strike
1. Have you ever encountered lightning strike during the flight?
No, I have not. I am lucky.
No. I haven’t. But my colleague encountered a lightning strike, Last summer, during a flight from
Nanchang to Guangzhou. The aircraft was hit on the top, it caused a small hole on fuselage, then it
caused a slow depressurization, he deal with the situation according to SOP successfully, luckily he
finally made a safe landing.

2. Why is lighting strike dangerous to safety? / Do you think lightning is dangerous to flight safety,
why?
If we encounter lighting strike during flight, it will affect flight safety by causing instrument
malfunction, structural damage, electricity failure, radar problems and fuel burning.

3. If you encountered a lightning strike during the flight. What will you do?
If we suffer lighting strike, we should follow sop, control the aircraft ,fasten seat belt, and inform
ATC and fly out of the CB according to the weather radar, I will check whether the aircraft damaged,
if any, I will as soon as possible to the alternate airport for emergency landing. If not, I will continue
to fly to destination.

4. How could we avoid lightning strike?

Firstly, we should know the weather information before departure; secondly, I will monitor the
weather radar carefully, allow aircraft avoid flying in red and yellow area, and try not to fly in the
clouds. Finally, we should follow sop and regulation.

5. What other bad weather have you encountered?

Yes, I have. When I training flight in CAFUC, one day, when I take off from guanghan airport the
wind is weak, after I take off the wind rapidly increasing, In the strong winds in the aircraft difficult
to control, and Wind speed over the crosswind limit of the aircraft, According to flight manual
requirements, we can’t landing in Guanghan airport, we don’t so we have to divert to mianyang
airport.

二十七、风切变：Wind shear
1. Does your airplane provide wind shear warning to the pilots? If yes, could you tell me the details?
Yes, it does. I’m flying A320 . When the aircraft altitude below 2500 ft. it could detect wind shear 5
nautical miles ahead of the aircraft during takeoff and landing, and provide visual and aural warnings
to the flight crew.

2. What is the possible consequence if wind shear warning were ignored by pilots?
It might because aircraft stall, even crash it affect the flight safety.

3. Why is wind shear a threat to flight safety?

Because it may because aircraft stall, even crash, it is very dangerous to flight safety.
4. What are the measures that a pilot should take to avoid wind shear? /What is your suggestion on
how to reduce accidents caused by wind shear?
First, we should know the weather information before departure. Secondly, we can watch weather
radar in flight and avoid bad weather; finally, we should follow SOP and regulation.

5. What would you do if the tower reported a wind shear while you are on a 10 miles final?
Go around holding wait for its disappearance if fuel allowed, or divert to alternate airport.

6. What’s the procedure if you meet a wind shear? How can ATC help?
During takeoff, if we encounter wind share, we should make maximum engine power and try my
best control the aircraft attitude, follow the FD; remain current configuration and altitude report ATC
the situation.
During landing, if we encounter wind shear. We should repot ATC wind shear condition. Request to
go around, make a holding pattern or divert to another airport.
ATC will advise the pilots of possible wind shear conditions by weather forecast or pilot reported
wind shears on short final, and tower should give the pilots updated wind information while they are
flying an approach.

7. Low lever wind shear and high lever wind shear, which one is more dangerous?
Low level is more dangerous because the aircraft is so close to terrain and has less energy to fly out
of a wind shear.

8. What is microburst?
Wind coming from center of a thunderstorm mainly downwards to the ground is usually very strong
and close to the surface.

二十八、除冰: De-icing
1. Is icing dangerous to the safety of the flight, why? / How is in-flight icing dangerous to flight
safety?
Yes, it is. If ice buildup/accumulate on wing,It will reduce lift and increase stall speed, it easy cause
in-flight stall,also it maybe causes control surfaces jammed and engine failure, So it is very
dangerous for flight safety.
2. Do you have any indication in the cockpit for airframe icing in flight? If you do please tell me
about it, if you don’t have such indication, how could you know there is airframe icing in flight?
No, I don’t have, usually, we can look out (watch out) wing from cockpit, and also we can turn on
wing lighting.

3, what are the indications in your cockpit for icing conditions?

We can watch temperature on ND, if the outside temperature is below 10 degrees, and there is
enough moisture. It means icing condition exist.

4, if ice accumulated on the wing. What should you do? / What will you do if your aircraft sustains
icing in flight?
If the aircraft on the ground, we will inform the dispatch and request ground de-ice service.
If the aircraft in the air, we can use wing anti-ice, and request level change and fly out of the icing
area.

5. Do you know icing condition on the aircraft?

If the outside temperature is below 10 degrees, and there is enough moisture. It means icing
condition exist.

6. Why is icing dangerous to flight safety?

Because it will increase the stall speed, it maybe causes engine failure; it maybe causes control
surfaces jammed. It is difficult to control aircraft for us. So it is very dangerous for flight safety.

7. Have you ever encountered icing condition in flight?

No, I haven’t.

8. How is in-flight icing dangerous to flight safety?

During flight if icing built up on the aircraft, it will cause aircraft performance degrades and cause
control surfaces jam. If ice and snow on the airframe melt and come into engine, it will cause engine
damage or flameout. It’s dangerous for flight safety.

9. If the ice accumulated on the wings of your aircraft, what will you do?
I will carry out de-icing procedures: first we should taxi to the deicing area, and carry out the de-
icing checklist, second we should turn off air conditioning system, and request ground staff carry out
de-icing procedures, after deicing completed, we have to departure during the lift of deicing.