HALF YEARLY (2024-25)

CLASS- XII
SUBJECT- PSYCHOLOGY
Time – 3 hours MM: 70
Name : ____________________________________ Date: 13.09.24

_______________________________________________________________________________________
__________________
General Instructions:
This question paper contains six sections. Section A to E

 Section A consists of MCQs and A/R questions carrying 1 mark each.

 Section A carry 1 mark each. You are expected to answer them as directed.
 Section B are very short answer type-I questions carrying 2 marks each.
 Section C are short answer type-II questions carrying 3 marks each.
 Section D are long answer type - I questions carrying 4 marks each.
 Section E are long answer type - II questions carrying 6 marks each.
 Section F are based on cases given carrying 3 marks each.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

SECTION-A
Q1. Psychology is defined as the scientific study of:
a) Behavior b) Mind 1 mark
c) Behavior and mental processes d) Thoughts

Q2. Which of the following is an example of covert behavior?

a) Walking b) Thinking 1 mark
c) Talking d) Crying
Q3. Who is considered the father of modern psychology?
a) Sigmund Freud b) Wilhelm Wundt 1 mark
c) John Watson d) Ivan Pavlov
Q4. The scientific method used in psychology primarily involves:
a) Observation and logic b) Speculation 1 mark
c) Testing and data collection d) Personal experience
Q5. The term development refers to changes in:
a) Physical abilities only b) Emotional growth only 1 mark
c) Physical, cognitive, and social capacities d) Intelligence only
Q6. Which of the following is NOT a method of enquiry in psychology?
a) Case study b) Experimentation 1 mark
c) Observation d) Speculation
Q7. In experimental research, the variable that is manipulated is called:
a) Dependent variable b) Independent variable 1 mark
c) Controlled variable d) Extraneous variable
 (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q8. Assertion (A): The primary goal of psychology is to describe, explain, and predict
behavior. 1 mark
Reason (R): Psychology is a scientific discipline that studies behavior and mental
processes.

Q9. Assertion (A): Observation is an important method used in psychology to gather data.
Reason (R): Observation can only be used in laboratory settings. 1 mark
Q10. Assertion (A): Development in humans is a lifelong process.
Reason (R): Each stage of development involves specific challenges and milestones. 1 mark

Q11. Assertion (A): Experimental methods help establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Reason (R): Experiments involve the manipulation of variables under controlled 1 mark
conditions.
Q12. Assertion (A): Cognitive development involves growth in intellectual capacities. 1 mark
Reason (R): Cognitive development is only concerned with memory.
Q13. Which of the following stages is part of Erik Erikson's stages of human development?
a) Initiative vs. Guilt b) Sensory-motor 1 mark
c) Pre-operational d) Concrete operational
Q14. The term growth in psychology refers to:
a) Qualitative changes b) Quantitative changes 1 mark
c) Both qualitative and quantitative changes d) No change
Q15. Which of the following psychologists is known for pioneering the concept of classical
conditioning? 1 mark
a) Jean Piaget b) Ivan Pavlov
c) B.F. Skinner d) Abraham Maslow
SECTION B
Q16. Define psychology as a discipline. 2 marks
Q17. What is the role of observation in psychological research? 2 marks
Q18. Briefly explain the survey method used in psychology. 2 marks
Q19. State any two goals of developmental psychology. 2 marks
Q20. What is the naturalistic observation method? 2 marks
Q21. Define growth and development in psychology.
OR
2 marks
What are the key characteristics of life-span development?
SECTION C
Q22. Discuss the biopsychosocial approach in understanding human behavior. 3 marks
Q23. Describe the difference between dependent and independent variables in an 3 marks
experiment.
Q24. Explain any three major life transitions that occur during adolescence.
3 marks
OR

Differentiate between structured and unstructured interviews in psychological

research.
SECTION D
Q25. Explain the importance of ethics in psychological research. 4 marks
Q26. Describe the cognitive processes involved in learning. 4 marks
OR
Discuss the role of environment in human development.
Q27. Explain any four methods of data collection used in psychology. 4 marks

Q28. Discuss the major milestones of emotional development during childhood. 4 marks
SECTION E
Q29. Discuss the concept of self in psychology and how it influences behavior.
OR 6 marks
Explain the role of heredity and environment in human development with examples.
Q30. Describe the different stages of prenatal development and the factors that influence it.
OR
6 marks
Discuss the scientific method in psychology and the importance of objectivity in
research.
SECTION F (CASE-STUDY BASED)
A researcher conducted an experiment to understand the effects of sleep deprivation on
cognitive performance. The participants were divided into two groups: one group was
sleep-deprived for 24 hours, and the other had adequate sleep. The cognitive performance
of both groups was then assessed.

Q31. What is the independent variable in this experiment? 1 mark

Q32. What could be a possible hypothesis for this experiment? 2 marks
A psychologist is studying the attachment styles of children. She observes children
interacting with their parents and records their reactions when the parent leaves and
returns.
Q33. What method of research is being used here? 1 mark
Q34. Define attachment and its importance in early development. 2 marks