EPISCOPAL DIOCESE OF THE SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES

BRENT HOSPITAL AND COLLEGES INCORPORATED

R.T. Lim Boulevard, Zamboanga City

CHSM
COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICE
MANAGEMENT
 Message to the Learners

Dear Learners,

Welcome back to Brent Hospital and Colleges Incorporated!

This module provides you with academic foundation about the subject Community
Health Service Management. An orientation will be done about this subject, its course
objectives, Institutional Core Values, Goals and Program Outcomes.

This course focuses on comprehensive discussion of the concepts, approaches ,

strategies and processes of community health development; facilitating community
involvement in the identification of health needs and priorities; and the management of
community health services. Take note that you are going to be taught on how to
supervise community health service program.

This module contains the various topics, assessment tasks, references and links that
you can open for further studies. Guidelines and instructions were also included on how
you can deal with learning tasks assigned to you and the mode of submission of the
tasks.

It is of utmost importance that you read the module and do the learning tasks
independently unless otherwise instructed. If along the process, you find difficulty in
following the instructions or there are muddy points you want to be clarified about the
concepts, feel free to contact me by any means of social communication platforms you
can find below.

We are in a time where we need to keep safe to be able to live but since learning has to
continue in spite of this pandemic issue, the academe has to adopt a new learning
program known to the world now as Blended Learning Style. We are combining the use
of modules and computer assisted learning mode to reach out to you.

Keep safe and may the Good Lord bless us all!

Respectfully yours,

Ma. Perlita A. Alaban,MN

Classroom Instructor- CHSM
Contact No.: 0965-864-1504
Email add:[email protected]
FB account: Mer Maid
 COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICE MANAGEMENT

COURSE DESCRIPTION: The course focuses on comprehensive discussion of the

concepts, approaches, strategies and processes of
community health development; facilitating community
involvement in the identification of health needs and priorities;
and the management of community health services.

COURSE CREDIT: 3 units lecture

PLACEMENT: 3rd Year, 1st Semester

PRE-REQUISITES: 2nd year Midwifery

CONTACT HOURS: 54 hours Blended Learning Style

COURSE OBJECTIVES: At the end of the course, given relevant situations, the students
will be able to:

1. Describe the Philippine Health Situation.

2. Review the Philippine Health Care Delivery System .
3. Discuss the different health programs of the government.
4. Explain the importance of community involvement in the
delivery of health care services.
5. Discuss the need for leadership in the effective management of
health services.
6. Demonstrate skills in the following:
6.1. Community Health Care Planning
6.2. Management of Health Programs
INSTITUTIONAL CORE VALUES
1. Christ – like Servant – A servant who is fully aware and sensitive to the needs of others
just like Jesus Christ who came to serve and not to be served.
2. Preserve the Sanctity of Life – Upholds the mandate of the Creator to preserve the
sanctity of life of every person.
3. Client centered – We continuously uphold the challenges to be a client-centered
institution by being compassionate, caring, and emphatic in the delivery of services.
4. Quality Service – We serve with highest standard. Top most quality service is our aim,
our inspiration and primary mission.
5. Integrity and Professionalism – We operate within the spirit of law. Always doing the right
thing, honest and hardworking.
6. Synergy – We work closely as one family and harmoniously coordinate with each other.
We recognize each and everyone’s contribution towards a common goal.

INSTITUTIONAL GOALS

1. Practice Christian-like attitude to contribute positively to the accomplishment of goals

through collaborative processes.
2. Engage in service- learning activities for meaningful community involvement.
3. Provide safe, ethical standards and holistic care to individual, family, population group
and community with integrity and professionalism.
4. Communicate effectively in speaking, writing and presenting using appropriate language.
5. Demonstrate sound relationship with God, self and others by being compassionate,
caring and emphatic in the delivery of quality service.
6. Apply guidelines and principles of highest standards in the performance of the delivery of
care.
7. Produce a well-rounded Brentonian equipped with appropriate knowledge, attitude and
skills who are ready to meet the demands of the challenging society.
PROGRAM OUTCOMES

The graduates of the program shall be able to:

1. Provide primary health care services.

2. Demonstrate gender sensitivity and respectful care to clients.
3. Maintain complete, accurate and timely documentation of client care with the aid of
information and communication technology.
4. Communicate effectively using appropriate language.
5. Work with community health team in organizing, mobilizing the community towards
health and human development.
6. Participate in professional growth and development activities for lifelong learning.
7. Practice midwifery in accordance with existing laws and regulations, ethics and moral
principles.
 LEARNING CONTENTS

MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION

A. Brief Background of PHC I and II

B. Overview of the Course

MODULE 2: PHILIPPINE HEALTH SITUATION

A. National Health Situation

B. Maternal Morbidity and Mortality Rates
C. Infant Morbidity and Mortality Rates

MODULE 3: PHILIPPINE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM

A. Philippine Health Care Delivery System

B. Factors Affecting the welfare conditions of Filipino Midwives

MODULE 4: GOVERNMENT HEALTH PROGRAMS

A. Vision, Mission, National Objectives for Health

B. Health Sector Reform Agenda
C. Annual Program Thrusts
D. Health Programs
1. Infectious Disease Programs
For Elimination
Rabies
Malaria
Filariasis
Leprosy
Schistosomiasis
 For Prevention and Control
Tuberculosis
Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis
Emerging/Reemerging Diseases
Dengue/Hemorrhagic Fever
STI/HIV/AIDS

2. Degenerative Disease Program

Healthy Lifestyle
Cancer
Cardiovascular Disease
Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Diabetes Mellitus
Smoking
Blindness Prevention
Organ Donation
Persons with Disabilities
Accidents and Injuries Prevention
Mental Health

3. Environmental Health
Health care Waste Management
Sanitation – Water, Food, Air Pollution
4. Family Health
Maternal and Child Health
Maternal
Women’s Health
a. Safe Motherhood ( including BeMONC)
b. Family Planning
c. Violence Against Women and Children
d. Adolescent Reproductive Health
e. Prevention and Management of Abortion and its Complications
f. Older Persons
 Child
Integrated Maternal and Child Illnesses (IMCI)
Infant and Young Children Feeding (IYCF) including

Breastfeeding
Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)
Oral Health
Adolescent Health
Child Injury
MODULE 5: LEADERSHIP

A. Concepts, Principles, Qualities

B. Levels of Leadership
C. Need for Leadership in the effective management of health services
 LEARNING MODULE WORKSHEET

Time Module Teaching-Learning Assessment Time

Frame No. Activity Strategies Frame
Week 1 1 E-classroom 3 hours
Review of PHC I and 2 Evocative
Overview of the Course Discussion online

Week 2 2 Module Review Learning Task/s 3 hours

E-classroom completion
Links to online references Online quiz
Maternal and Infant Mortality
and Morbidity Rates

Week 3 3 Module Review Learning Task/s 3 hours

E-classroom completion
Links to online references Online quiz
for
Week 4 4 Module Review Presentation of Pre- 3 hours
A-D until Edmodo/ google class/Zoom assigned topics
Infectious Meeting
Disease only
Week 5 4 Module Review Presentation of Pre- 3 hours
Infectious Edmodo/ google class/Zoom assigned topics
Diseases for Meeting
Prevention
and Control
until STI/AIDS
Week 6-8 4 Module Review Presentation of Pre- 9 hours
Degenerative Edmodo/ google class/Zoom assigned topics
Disease Meeting
Program
Week 9 4 Module Review Presentation of Pre- 3 hours
Environmental Edmodo/ google class/Zoom assigned topics
Health Meeting

Week 10 Midterm Examination

Week 11- 4 Module Review Presentation of Pre- 15 hours

15 Family Health Edmodo/ google class/Zoom assigned topics
Meeting
Week 16- 5 Module Review Problem Based 6 hours
17 Edmodo/ google class/Zoom Learning
Meeting

Week 18 Final Exam

 MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION

In this module, the activity will be more of virtual recall and discussion of learned concepts and
orientation on:

a. Recalling Concepts learned during PHC 1 and PHC II

1. Task : ZOPP Card showing on camera of at least 5 concepts learned in either PHC 1
or PHC II
2. Rubrics for Simple Concept Recall
Name:______________________ Task : Simple Concept Recall
Date:_______________________ Score:_______________

Rate/Score

Criteria 4 3 2 1

Concepts 5 or more 4 -3 concepts 2 concepts 1 concept

Named Concepts recalled recalled only recalled only
recalled

Accuracy All concepts Most Some Most concepts

explained and statements concepts cited cited out of
verified explained and out of opinions
verified opinions

Focus Concepts Concepts Concepts Main idea of

summarized summarized summarized concepts not
consisting of consisting of consisting of discussed
main ideas main ideas main ideas
and main and some and only
details minor details minor details

b. Orientation and Overview of the Course using the Syllabus ( Digitized)

1. General Rules/regulations on online class
2. Levelling of expectations
3. Presentation of Learning Module Worksheet
4. Guidelines in taking the examination
 MODULE II: PHILIPPINE HEALTH SITUATION

A. National Health Situation

Note: Information you can find here are data from the executive summary
of Dr. Manuel M. Dayrit in his written book entitled The Philippine Health
System Review.

https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/274579/9789290226734-
eng.pdf?sequence =1&isAllowed=y

1. The Philippines is an archipelago in the South-East Asia Region

2. Population of 104.9 million as of 2017

3. It is the thirteenth most populous country in the world.

4. The majority of Filipinos are Christian Malays (92.2%), with Roman Catholics
constituting 87.4% of the Christian population. Muslim minority groups,
comprising 5.6%, are concentrated in Mindanao. --The country has an adult
literacy rate of 96.5%

5. The Philippines is currently one of Asia’s fastest growing economies with a gross
domestic product growth of 6.7% at the end of 2017

6. Categorized as a newly industrialized country, it is transitioning from one based

on agriculture to one based more on services and manufacturing.

7. Filipinos tend to live longer now than in previous decades, with life expectancy at
birth increasing from 62.2 years in 1980 to 69.1 years in 2016. This is attributed
mainly to improvements in living conditions, better access to health services, and
improved management and treatment of infectious diseases like pneumonia and
tuberculosis (TB)

8. Filipinos now bear a triple burden of disease. First, there is the increasing health
impact of globalization and escalating climate change, with the Philippines
ranking third in the world in terms of exposure to disaster risks due to strong
typhoons occurring with high regularity. Second, changes in lifestyle and the
increasing prevalence of risk factors related to diet, tobacco smoke and high
systolic blood pressure contribute to a rising incidence of diseases of the
cardiovascular system, malignant neoplasms, diabetes and road traffic accidents,
which are cases of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the country. Third,
despite advances in the management and treatment of infectious diseases, many
Filipinos continue to suffer from diseases for which effective interventions are
available. These include human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, TB and
vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) such as measles and diphtheria.
 9. Health service delivery is provided in the Philippines through a dual health
delivery system composed of the public sector and the private sector. The private
sector, consisting of for-profit and non-profit health-care providers, is largely
market oriented, where health care is generally paid for through user fees at the
point of service.

10. There is social health insurance administered by the Philippine Health Insurance
Corporation (PhilHealth)

11. Health financing- the Total health expenditure (THE) has consistently increased
since 2005 and compares well with neighbors like Indonesia. Government health
expenditure has increased significantly in nominal terms, but it has been eclipsed
by private sector funding sources, which have grown rapidly with the economy.

12. Health governance and regulation- DOH provides national policy direction and
strategic plans, regulatory services, standards and guidelines for health, and
highly specialized and specific tertiary-level hospital services.

13. Despite the DOH’s investments to construct and upgrade local health facilities
and deploy critical health staff, access remains highly inequitable due to the
maldistribution of health facilities, health personnel and specialists.

14. Health outcomes are generally improving, but the stagnant maternal mortality
ratio and neonatal mortality rate, and the sluggish rate of improvement in health
outcomes compared to neighboring countries, are worrisome.

15. The absence of a facilitated referral system robs the patient of the opportunity to
navigate the health system effectively – from identifying the appropriate health-
care provider, to getting advice on needed medical tests or procedures and
referral back from hospitals to primary care for continued health care.

B. Philippines - Maternal mortality and Morbidity Ratio

 121.0 (deaths per 100,000 live births) in 2017 Philippines maternal

mortality ratio was at level of 121 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2017,
down from 124 deaths per 100,000 live births previous year, this is a
change of 2.42%.

What is maternal mortality ratio?

Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and
childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression
model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence.
 What is the maternal mortality rate in the Philippines in 2018?
The data further showed maternal deaths increased to 1,616 in 2018 compared
to 1,484 in 2017, or a two year high when maternal deaths reached 1,721 in
2015. Based on the SDGs, countries must bring down the number of maternal
deaths to 70 per 100,000 live births.Feb 11, 2020.

MATERNAL MORTALITY: BY MAIN CAUSE

Number, Rate/1000 Livebirths & Percent Distribution
Philippines, 2010
Numbe Rat
CAUSE Percent*
r e
TOTAL 1,719 1.0 100.0
1. Complications related to
pregnancy occuring
660 0.4 38.4
in the course of labor, delivery and
puerperium
2. Hypertension complicating
pregnancy, 605 0.3 35.2
childbirth and puerperium
3. Postpartum hemorrhage 298 0.2 17.3
4. Pregnancy with abortive outcome 156 0.1 9.1
*Percent share to total number of maternal deaths
https://www.doh.gov.ph/Statistics/Maternal-Deaths-By-Main-Cause
c. Key demographic indicators (Infant Mortality and Morbidity Rate)
 106,651,394 Population
 27.3 PER 1,000 LIVE BIRTHS Under-five mortality rate
 In 2019, the infant mortality rate in the Philippines was at about 21.6
deaths per 1,000 live births.Oct 28, 2020

INFANT MORTALITY: TEN (10) LEADING CAUSES

NUMBER AND RATE/per 1000 live births AND PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION
Philippines, 2010
Numbe Rat
Cause Percent
r e
1. Bacterial sepsis of newborn 3,608 2.0 16.1
2. Pneumonia 2,628 1.5 11.7
3. Respiratory distress of newborn 2,526 1.4 11.2
4. Congenital malformation of the heart 1,572 0.9 7.0
5. Disorders related to short gestation 1,487 0.8 6.6
 and low birth weight, not elsewhere
classified
6. Congenital pneumonia 1,095 0.6 4.9
7. Neonatal aspiration syndrome 1,079 0.6 4.8
8. Intrauterine hypoxia and birth
950 0.5 4.2
asphyxia
9. Other congenital malformations 941 0.5 4.2
10. Diarrhea and gastroenteritis of
presumed infectious 900 0.5 4.0
origin
https://www.doh.gov.ph/Statistics/Infant-Mortality-Ten-Leading-Causes

Assessment Tasks:

1. Aside from the enumerated National Health Situation cited by Dr. Manuel M. Dayrit
above in 2017, give at least 5 or more health or health related problems that are being
confronted by the health sector to this very date through a short video presentation/clips.
A two (2) to five (5) minute video presentation will do.
Rubrics:
Name:______________________ Task : Video Clip/Presentation
Date:_______________________ Score:_______________

ACTIVITY Exemplary Proficient Partially Incomplete POINTS

Concept 15-20 points 10-14 points 5-9 points 0-4 points

The concept The concept Has no clear Little effort

describes a describes a focus. has been
clear picture relatively Goals/final spent on
of what clear picture product are brainstormin
students are of what they not clearly g and refining
trying to are trying defined. a
achieve to achieve concept.
including an
adequate
description
Timeliness 12-15 points 8-11 points 4-7 points 0-3 points
All project Most project project Deadlines
deadlines deadlines deadlines were
 were met were met. were disregarded,
not met, having a
negatively significant
impacting impact on the
the finished finish project
project

2. Visit your nearest health center and get the data of the following: Please follow health
communication protocol.
a. Total Population of the community
b. Maternal and Infant Mortality Rate
c. Causes of Maternal and Infant Mortality
d. Using the significant figures that you have in your hand, make a recommendation
strategies/program/projects that you deem necessary to be undertaken if you were
the midwife in the Health Center.

Rules and Format to follow:

a. Make use of short white bond paper only.

b. You can encode or legibly write your entries.
c. You are given two weeks to finish this task.
d. Write a letter to the Midwife and indicate the purpose of this activity to be signed by
you and noted by me.

Format:

Name: Section:

Date Submitted:

Name of Community:

Name of Barangay Health Station/Rural Health Unit:

Name of Midwife:
Total Population:

Maternal and Infant Mortality Rate

Causes of Maternal and Infant Mortality( Tabular Presentation if necessary)

Recommendations:

1.

2.

MODULE III: PHILIPPINE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM

Local Health System (Local Health Board)
Objectives:
1. Establish local health systems for effective & efficient delivery of health care
services
2. Upgrade health care management & service capabilities of local health
facilities
3. Promote inter-LGU linkages & cost sharing schemes including local health
care financing systems for better utilization of local health resources
4. Foster participation of the private sector, NGOs & communities in local health
systems development.
5. Ensure the quality of health service delivery at the local level