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ACTIVITY1 BisectionMethod GUNTING

Bisection method

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26 views8 pages

ACTIVITY1 BisectionMethod GUNTING

Bisection method

Uploaded by

Jozhuanxz Guntnxz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Joshua Gunting Aug.

27, 2024

BSCE-3B

MATH-05 NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS TO CE PROBLEMS

ACTIVITY 1

BISECTION METHOD

I. INTRODUCTION
The Bisection Method is a straightforward numerical technique for
finding the root of a continuous function. It relies on the
Intermediate Value Theorem, which states that if a function
F(x) is continuous over an interval [a,b] and F(a) and F(b) have
opposite signs, there is at least one root between A and b. The
method involves iteratively narrowing down the interval: choose two
points a and b with opposite signs for F(a) and F(b), compute the
midpoint C, and determine which subinterval contains the root
based on the sign of F(c). This process is repeated until the interval
is sufficiently small or F(c) is close to zero. While the Bisection
Method is simple to implement and guarantees convergence if the
initial interval contains a root, it converges more slowly compared to
methods like Newton’s Method and requires a function to change
sign over the interval.

II. PROBLEM STATEMENT


Use Bisection Method to locate the root of x⁴ -2x³ -5x² +6x +3

III. METHODOLOGY/ALGORITHM
The methodology of the Bisection Method involves a systematic
approach to finding a root of a continuous function. Here’s a step-
by-step outline:

 Initial Interval Selection: Choose an initial interval [a,b] where


the function F(x) is continuous and F(a) and F(b) have
opposite signs, indicating the presence of a root between A
and B due to the Intermediate Value Theorem.
 Calculate Midpoint: Compute the midpoint C of the interval
[a,b] using the formula:

C=1/2(a+b)

 Evaluate Function at Midpoint: Calculate F(c).

predefined tolerance), or the interval length ∣b−a∣ is smaller


 Determine Subinterval:If F(c) is close enough to zero (within a

than a given tolerance, then C is accepted as the root.


 Otherwise, decide the new interval based on the sign of F(c):
 If F(a) and F(c) have opposite signs, the root lies in the
interval
[a,c]. Set B=c.
If F(c) and F(b) have opposite signs, the root lies in the
interval [c,b]. Set A=c.
 Repeat: Continue the process of calculating the midpoint and
evaluating the function in the updated subinterval until the
root is found to the desired level of accuracy.

This method ensures that the interval containing the root is


continually reduced, leading to convergence to the root as long as
the initial interval is chosen correctly.

IV. ALGORITHM FLOW CHART


V. PROGRAMMING USING EXCEL

1. Set Up Your Worksheet:


2. Open Excel and set up a worksheet with the necessary columns to
perform the Bisection method.
3. Enter Function and Interval: f(x) = x⁴-2x³-5x²+6x + 3
4. Assume you’re solving for the root of the function
5. In cells A1 and A2, input your initial interval bounds, say 1 and 2
respectively.
6. Create Labels: In cells B1 through B4, enter the following labels:
Iteration
A (Lower Bound)
B (Upper Bound)
F(a)
F(b)
C (Midpoint)
F(c)
F(a)*F(c)
7. Formulas and Iteration:
Iteration Column : Increment iteration number starting from 1.
A (Lower Bound) and b (Upper Bound): (for a), use a formula to
determine the new lower bound based on the sign of f(c). For example:
=IF(B5<0, B5, C4)
In cell D5 (for b), use a formula to determine the new upper bound
similarly:
=IF(B5>0, B5, D4)
C (Midpoint): Update the midpoint using:Excel

=(C5+D5)/2

F(c): Compute the new function value at the midpoint

8. Drag the formulas down to fill subsequent rows. Adjust conditions to


ensure the iteration stops when the interval size is below the tolerance
level.
9. Stopping Criterion:You can use conditional formatting or a logical test
to stop iterating once the interval is smaller than the specified
tolerance.

VI.RESULT
Using the Microsoft Excel, after enough iterations, you will approximate
the roots of the polynomial where f(x) changes sign. The results might
be close to the actual roots, which could be more precisely determined
with additional iterations. For the polynomial f(x)= x⁴-2x³-5x²+6x+3 ,
approximate roots can be identified by continuing this process until the
interval width is sufficiently small.

For root #1 :

Root = -0.3947

Approximate error = 0.0001

Number of iterations = 15
For root #2 :

Root = -1.8872

Approximate error < 0.001

Number of iterations = 11
For root #3:

Root = 1.39468

Approximate error < 0.0001

Number of iterations = 15
For root #4 :

Root = 2.88736

Approximate error < 0.0001

Number of iterations = 15

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