Biomolecules Worksheet

CHENNAI PUBLIC SCHOOL
CLASS 12 CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET
BIOMOLECULES
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Proteins are the most abundant biomolecules of the living system. The chief sources of proteins
are milk, cheese, pulses, fish, meat, peanuts, etc. They are found in every part of the body and
form a fundamental basis of the structure and functions of life. These are also required for the
growth and maintenance of the body. The word protein is derived from the Greek word,
‘proteios’ meaning ‘primary’ or of ‘prime importance’. Chemically, proteins are the polymers in
which the monomeric units are the α-amino acids. Amino acids contain an amino (-NH2) and
carboxylic (-COOH) functional groups. Depending upon the relative position of the amino group
with respect to the carboxylic group, the amino acids can be classified as α, β, and γ-amino acids.
Amino acids which are synthesised by the body are called non-essential amino acids. On the
other hand, those amino acids which cannot be synthesized in the human body and are supplied
in the form of diet (because they are required for proper health and growth) are called essential
amino acids.
a. Amino acids show amphoteric behavior. Why?
b. The name of linkage joining two amino acids.
c. What are polypeptides?
d.What type of bonding helps in stabilizing the α-helix structure of proteins?
2. Write a reaction which shows that all the carbon atoms in glucose are linked in a straight
chain.
3. How do you explain the presence of five -OH groups in glucose molecule?
4 .Which sugar in called invert sugar? Why is it called so?
5.Sucrose is dextrorotatory but the mixture obtained after hydrolysis is laevorotatory. Explain.
How do you explain the presence of an aldehydic group in a glucose molecule?
6.What are disaccharides? Which one of the following is a disaccharide:

starch, maltose, fructose, glucose
7. Write the product obtained when D-glucose reacts with (a) HCN (b) Br2 water.
(c) H2N—OH (d)HI
8. Write any two reactions of glucose which cannot be explained by open chain structure.
9. Give an example each of the following:

(i) Reducing sugar (ii) Non-reducing sugar
10.Which of the two components of starch is water soluble?
11.Which component of starch is a branched polymer of a-glucose and insoluble in water?
12. What are the products of hydrolysis of sucrose,maltose and lactose

13. what is meant by the pyranose structure of glucose
14. Write the name of the disease caused by the deficiency of (a)vitamin B12
(b) vitamin B1
15. Write the name of the vitamin whose deficiency causes(a) bleeding of gums
(b) scurvy
16. Define the following terms

(a) Peptide linkage (b) Primary structure
(c) Denaturation of protein (d) Glycosidic linkage
(e) Invert sugar (f) Oligosaccharides
(g) Nucleotide (h) Nucleoside
17. Differentiate between fibrous proteins and globular proteins. What is meant by the
denaturation of a protein.
18. What is the difference between acidic amino acid and basic amino acid?
19. Name a water soluble vitamin which is a powerful antioxidant. Give its one natural source
20 .Name two water soluble vitamins, their sources and the diseases caused due to their
deficiency in diet.
21.What are three types of RNA molecules which perform different functions?
22. Mention one important function of nucleic acids in our body.
23.Name the four bases present in DNA. Which one of these is not present in RNA?
24.What is the difference between DNA and RNA.
25.(a)Write the name of the linkage joining two nucleotides.

(b) What is the structural difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide?
26.Amino acids may be acidic, alkaline or neutral. How does this happen? What are essential and
non-essential amino acids? Name one of each type.
27. Amino acids behave like salts rather than simple amines or carboxylic acids. Explain.
28. Show the peptide linkage in glycylalanine.
29.α-Helix is a secondary structure of proteins formed by twisting of polypeptide chain into right
handed screw like structures. Which type of interactions are responsible for making the a-helix
structure stable?
30.Explain the terms primary and secondary structure of proteins. What is the difference between
α-helix and β-pleated sheet structure of proteins?
31.What are enzymes? Describe their functions.
32. Some enzymes are named after the reaction, where they are used. What name is given to the
class of enzymes that catalyse one substrate’s oxidation with simultaneous reduction of another
substrate?

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CHENNAI PUBLIC SCHOOL

CLASS 12 CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET

c. What are polypeptides?

d.What type of bonding helps in stabilizing the α-helix structure of proteins?

4 .Which sugar in called invert sugar? Why is it called so?

6.What are disaccharides? Which one of the following is a disaccharide:

9. Give an example each of the following:

11.Which component of starch is a branched polymer of a-glucose and insoluble in water?

12. What are the products of hydrolysis of sucrose,maltose and lactose

16. Define the following terms

(g) Nucleotide (h) Nucleoside

22. Mention one important function of nucleic acids in our body.

24.What is the difference between DNA and RNA.

25.(a)Write the name of the linkage joining two nucleotides.

31.What are enzymes? Describe their functions.

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