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RESEARCH PAPER ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & ITS APPLICATIONS Prof. Neha Saini
Assistant Professor in Department of Computer Science & IT SDAM College Dinanagar
ABSTRACT- It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines,
especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of
using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine
itself to methods that are biologically observable. While no consensual definition
of Artificial Intelligence (AI) exists, AI is broadly characterized as the study of
computations that allow for perception, reason and action. Today, the amount of
data that is generated, by both humans and machines, far outpaces humans’ ability
to absorb, interpret, and make complex decisions based on that data. Artificial
intelligence forms the basis for all computer learning and is the future of all
complex decision making. This paper examines features of artificial Intelligence,
introduction, definitions of AI, history, applications, growth and achievements.
KEYWORDS- machine learning,deep learning,neural networks,Natural Language
Processing and Knowledge Base System INTRODUCTION- Artificial Intelligence ( AI )
is the branch of computer science which deals with intelligence of machines where
an intelligent agent is a system that takes actions which maximize its chances of
success. It is the study of ideas which enable computers to do the things that make
people seem intelligent. The central principles of AI include such as reasoning,
knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move
and manipulate objects. It is the science and engineering of making intelligent
machines, especially intelligent computer programs ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE METHODS:
Machine Learning- It is one of the applications of AI where machines are not
explicitly programmed to perform certain tasks; rather, they learn and improve from
experience automatically. Deep Learning is a subset of machine learning based on
artificial neural networks for predictive analysis. There are various machine
learning algorithms, such as Unsupervised Learning, Supervised Learning, and
Reinforcement Learning. In Unsupervised Learning, the algorithm does not use
classified information to act on it without any guidance. In Supervised Learning,
it deduces a function from the training data, which consists of a set of an input
object and the desired output. Reinforcement learning is used by machines to take
suitable actions to increase the reward to find the best possibility which should
be taken in to account. Natural Language Processing(NLP) It is the interactions
between computers and human language where the computers are programmed to process
natural languages. Machine Learning is a reliable technology for Natural Language
Processing to obtain meaning from human languages. In NLP, the audio of a human
talk is captured by the machine. Then the audio to text conversation occurs, and
then the text is processed where the data is converted into audio. Then the machine
uses the audio to respond to humans. Applications of Natural Language Processing
can be found in IVR (Interactive Voice Response) applications used in call centres,
language translation applications like Google Translate and word processors such as
Microsoft Word to check the accuracy of grammar in text. However, the nature of
human languages makes the Natural Language Processing difficult because of the
rules which are involved in the passing of information using natural language, and
they are not easy for the computers to understand. So NLP uses algorithms to
recognize and abstract the rules of the natural languages where the unstructured
data from the human languages can be converted to a format that is understood by
the computer. Automation & Robotics- The purpose of Automation is to get the
monotonous and repetitive tasks done by machines which also improve productivity
and in receiving cost-effective and more efficient results. Many organizations use
machine learning, neural networks, and graphs in
© 2023 IJRTI | Volume 8, Issue 4 | ISSN: 2456-3315
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automation. Such automation can prevent fraud issues while financial transactions
online by using CAPTCHA technology. Robotic process automation is programmed to
perform high volume repetitive tasks which can adapt to the change in different
circumstances. Machine Vision- Machines can capture visual information and then
analyze it. Here cameras are used to capture the visual information, the analogue
to digital conversion is used to convert the image to digital data, and digital
signal processing is employed to process the data. Then the resulting data is fed
to a computer. In machine vision, two vital aspects are sensitivity, which is the
ability of the machine to perceive impulses that are weak and resolution, the range
to which the machine can distinguish the objects. The usage of machine vision can
be found in signature identification, pattern recognition, and medical image
analysis, etc. Knowledge-Based Systems(KBS): A KBS can be defined as a computer
system capable of giving advice in a particular domain, utilizing knowledge
provided by a human expert. A distinguishing feature of KBS lies in the separation
behind the knowledge, which can be represented in a number of ways such as rules,
frames, or cases, and the inference engine or algorithm which uses the knowledge
base to arrive at a conclusion. Neural Networks: NNs are biologically inspired
systems consisting of a massively connected network of computational “neurons,”
organized in layers. By adjusting the weights of the network, NNs can be “trained”
to approximate virtually any nonlinear function to a required degree of accuracy.
NNs typically are provided with a set of input and output exemplars. A learning
algorithm (such as back propagation) would then be used to adjust the weights in
the network so that the network would give the desired output, in a type of
learning commonly called supervised learning. Applications of AI Artificial
Intelligence has various applications in today's society. It is becoming essential
for today's time because it can solve complex problems with an efficient way in
multiple industries, such as Healthcare, entertainment, finance, education, etc. AI
is making our daily life more comfortable and fast. Following are some sectors
which have the application of Artificial Intelligence:
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1. AI in Astronomy o Artificial Intelligence can be very useful to solve complex
universe problems. AI technology can be helpful for understanding the universe such
as how it works, origin, etc. 2. AI in Healthcare o In the last, five to ten years,
AI becoming more advantageous for the healthcare industry and going to have a
significant impact on this industry. o Healthcare Industries are applying AI to
make a better and faster diagnosis than humans. AI can help doctors with diagnoses
and can inform when patients are worsening so that medical help can reach to the
patient before hospitalization. 3. AI in Gaming o AI can be used for gaming
purpose. The AI machines can play strategic games like chess, where the machine
needs to think of a large number of possible places. 4. AI in Finance o AI and
finance industries are the best matches for each other. The finance industry is
implementing automation, chatbot, adaptive intelligence, algorithm trading, and
machine learning into financial processes. 5. AI in Data Security o The security of
data is crucial for every company and cyber-attacks are growing very rapidly in the
digital world. AI can be used to make your data more safe and secure. Some examples
such as AEG bot, AI2 Platform,are used to determine software bug and cyber-attacks
in a better way. 6. AI in Social Media o Social Media sites such as Facebook,
Twitter, and Snapchat contain billions of user profiles, which need to be stored
and managed in a very efficient way. AI can organize and manage massive amounts of
data. AI can analyze lots of data to identify the latest trends, hashtag, and
requirement of different users. 7. AI in Travel & Transport o AI is becoming highly
demanding for travel industries. AI is capable of doing various travel related
works such as from making travel arrangement to suggesting the hotels, flights, and
best routes to the customers. Travel industries are using AI-powered chatbots which
can make human-like interaction with customers for better and fast response. 8. AI
in Automotive Industry o Some Automotive industries are using AI to provide virtual
assistant to their user for better performance. Such as Tesla has introduced
TeslaBot, an intelligent virtual assistant. o Various Industries are currently
working for developing self-driven cars which can make your journey more safe and
secure. 9. AI in Robotics: o Artificial Intelligence has a remarkable role in
Robotics. Usually, general robots are programmed such that they can perform some
repetitive task, but with the help of AI, we can create intelligent robots which
can perform tasks with their own experiences without pre-programmed. o Humanoid
Robots are best examples for AI in robotics, recently the intelligent Humanoid
robot named as Erica and Sophia has been developed which can talk and behave like
humans. 10. AI in Entertainment
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11. AI in Agriculture o Agriculture is an area which requires various resources,
labor, money, and time for best result. Now a day's agriculture is becoming
digital, and AI is emerging in this field. Agriculture is applying AI as
agriculture robotics, solid and crop monitoring, predictive analysis. AI in
agriculture can be very helpful for farmers. 12. AI in E-commerce o AI is providing
a competitive edge to the e-commerce industry, and it is becoming more demanding in
the e-commerce business. AI is helping shoppers to discover associated products
with recommended size, color, or even brand. 13. AI in education: o AI can automate
grading so that the tutor can have more time to teach. AI chatbot can communicate
with students as a teaching assistant. o AI in the future can be work as a personal
virtual tutor for students, which will be accessible easily at any time and any
place. SOME OTHER APPLICATIONS: 1. Fraud detection. The financial services industry
uses artificial intelligence in two ways. Initial scoring of applications for
credit uses AI to understand creditworthiness. More advanced AI engines are
employed to monitor and detect fraudulent payment card transactions in real time.
2. Virtual customer assistance (VCA). Call centers use VCA to predict and respond
to customer inquiries outside of human interaction. Voice recognition, coupled with
simulated human dialog, is the first point of interaction in a customer service
inquiry. Higher-level inquiries are redirected to a human. 3. Medicine: A medical
clinic can use AI systems to organize bed schedules, make a staff rotation, and
provide medical information. AI has also application in fields of cardiology (CRG),
neurology (MRI), embryology (sonography), complex operations of internal organs
etc. 4. Heavy Industries : Huge machines involve risk in their manual maintenance
and working. So in becomes necessary part to have an efficient and safe operation
agent in their operation. 5. Telecommunications: Many telecommunications companies
make use of heuristic search in the management of their workforcesfor example BT
Group has deployed heuristic search in a scheduling application that provides the
work schedules of 20000 engineers. 6. Music: Scientists are trying to make the
computer emulate the activities of the skillful musician. Composition, performance,
music theory, sound processing are some of the major areas on which research in
Music and Artificial Intelligence are focusing on. Eg:chucks, Orchextra, smartmusic
etc. 7. Antivirus: Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have played increasingly
important role in antivirus detection. At present, some principal artificial
intelligence techniques applied in antivirus detection It improves the performance
of antivirus detection systems, and promotes the production of new artificial
intelligence algorithm and the application in antivirus detection to integrate
antivirus detection with artificial intelligence. Future of AI Looking at the
features and its wide application we may definitely stick to artificial
intelligence. Seeing at the development of AI, is it that the future world is
becoming artificial. Biological intelligence is fixed, because it is an old, mature
paradigm, but the new paradigm of non-biological computation and intelligence is
growing exponentially. The memory capacity of the human brain is probably of the
order of ten thousand million binary digits. But most of this is probably used in
remembering visual impressions, and other comparatively wasteful ways . Hence we
can say that as natural intelligence is limited and volatile too world may now
depend upon computers for smooth working.A rtificial intelligence (AI) is truly a
revolutionary feat of computer science, set to become a core component of all
modern software over the coming years and decades. This presents a threat but also
an opportunity. AI will be deployed to augment both defensive and offensive cyber
operations. Additionally, new means of cyber attack will be invented to take
advantage of the particular weaknesses of AI technology. Finally, the importance of
data will be amplified by AI’s appetite for large amounts of training data,
redefining how we must think about data protection. Prudent governance at the
global level will be essential to ensure that this era-defining technology will
bring about broadly shared safety and prosperity. NetApp and artificial
intelligence
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As the data authority for hybrid cloud, NetApp understands the value of the access,
management, and control of data. The NetApp data fabric provides a unified data
management environment that spans across edge devices, data centers, and multiple
hyperscale clouds. The data fabric gives organizations of all sizes the ability to
accelerate critical applications, gain data visibility, streamline data protection,
and increase operational agility.
NetApp AI solutions are based on the following key building blocks:
• ONTAP software enables AI and deep learning both on premises and in the hybrid
cloud.
• AFF all-flash systems accelerate AI and deep learning workloads and remove
performance bottlenecks.
• ONTAP Select software enables efficient data collection at the edge, using IoT
devices and aggregations points.
• Cloud Volumes can be used to rapidly prototype new projects and provide the
ability to move AI data to and from the cloud.
Conclusion Till now we have discussed in brief about Artificial Intelligence. We
have discussed some of its principles, its applications, its achievements etc.The
ultimate goal of institutions and scientists working on AI is to solve majority of
the problems or to achieve the tasks which we humans directly can’t accomplish. It
is for sure that development in this field of computer science will change the
complete scenario of the world Now it is the responsibility of creamy layer of
engineers to develop this field. References 1.
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Computer_Science:Artificial_Intelligence
http://www.howstuffworks.com/arificialintelligence 2. http:// www.google.co.in 3.
http://www.library.thinkquest.org 4. https://www.javatpoint.com/application-of-ai
5. https://www.educba.com/artificial-intelligence-techniques/ 6.
https://www.cigionline.orgw/articles/cyber-security-battlefield/?
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