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Maximum and Minimum - Max Min

Math

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19 views3 pages

Maximum and Minimum - Max Min

Math

Uploaded by

ahobatija200
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Maximum

and
Minimum
Consider the function  = .
Critical Points: The points on the graph of the function  =  at which the slope of the tangent line is zero

are called Critical Points. The Critical points are obtained by solving = 0 . .  ′  = 0.


= Test condition Decision


If  ′  = 0  ′′  < 0  has maximum value at c
If  ′  = 0  ′′  > 0  has minimum value at c
If  ′  = 0  ′′  = 0 Test is inconclusive

Q. Find the Maximum and Minimum values of the  =  −  +  − .
Solution:

Given  =  5 −  4 +  3 − 
∴  ′  =  4 − 0 3 +  2 and  ′′  = 0 3 − 0 2 + 0
For maximum and minimum values (for critical point)
 ′  = 0
⇒  4 − 0 3 +  2 = 0
⇒  2  2 −  +  = 0
⇒  2  2 −  −  +  = 0
⇒  = 0, , 
Now  ′′ 0 = 0, Therefore  has no maximum or minimum values at  = 0.
Again at  = ,  ′′  = −0 < 0. Therefore  has a maximum value at  =  which is  =  −  +
 −  = 0.
Again at  = ,  ′′  = 0 × 3 − 0 × 2 + 0 ×  = 0.7 > 0. Therefore  has a minimum value at
 =  which is  = 5 − . 4 + . 3 −  = −.
Therefore, the maximum value is 0 and the minimum value is -28.

Q. Find the Maximum and Minimum values of the  =  −  + .
Solution:

Given  =  3 −  2 + 
∴  ′  =  2 −  +  and  ′′  =  − 
For maximum and minimum values:  ′  = 0 ⇒  2 −  +  = 0
⇒  2 −  +  = 0 ⇒  −  −  = 0
1
⇒= , 
2

1
1 1 1
At  =  ′′ ( ) =  −  = − < 0 ; Therefore  has a maximum value at  =
2 2 2

1 1 3 1 2 1 4 9 41824 5
Therefore  ( ) =  ( ) −  ( ) +  ( ) = − +  = =
2 2 2 2 8 4 8 4
′′ 
Again at  =   =  −  =  > 0
Therefore  has a minimum value at  = 
Therefore  = 3 − 2 +  = 
5
So, the maximum value is and the minimum value is 1.
4

Q. Find the Maximum and Minimum values of the  =  −  − .
Solution:

Given  =  3 −  2 − 


∴  ′  =  2 −  −  and  ′′  =  − 
For maximum and minimum values:  ′  = 0
⇒  2 −  −  = 0
⇒ 2 −  −  = 0
⇒  −  +  = 0
⇒  =  , −
At  = −  ′′  = − −  = − < 0
Therefore  has a maximum value at  = −
Therefore − = −3 − −2 − − = 7
Again At  =   ′′  =  −  =  > 0
Therefore  has a minimum value at  = 
Therefore  = 3 − 2 −  = −0
So, the maximum value is 7 and the minimum value is -20.

Exercise .
Find the Maximum and Minimum values of the following functions:
(a)  =  6 −  5 +  4 − 0
(b)  =  5 −  4 + 0 3 + 

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