NOTE MAKING

Note-making is a process of creating a record of important details from sources such as passages, paragraphs etc.
The source can also be written documents or oral communication. Note-making means recording the essence of
information that is crucial.

Characteristics of Notes

1. Short, no full sentences, only points

2. Only the important information included

3. Logically presented in sequence

4. Organized appropriately under Heading and Sub Heading.

Mechanics of Note-Making

1. Use of Abbreviations:

(a) Capitalized first letter of words: UNO. CBSE, NCERT etc.

(b) Arithmetic symbols: (><, --------------, kg, % etc.)

(c) Commonly used: (in newspapers, magazines etc.): govt. etc., e.g.,

(d) Invented: First and last few letters of the world with a dot at the end (edun., poln., popn,

Mfg.)

2. Proper indentation

Heading Title

(1) Main point..............

1.i.Sub Point

1.ii. Sub Point

1.iii.Sub Point

1.iii.a.Sub Sub Point

. 1.iii.b. Sub Sub Point

3. Make use of words and phrases only. Avoid full length sentences.
4. Give Appropriate Title: The title may be given at the beginning.

The notes are of 3 marks and should not be more than 1/3 of the passage’s length.

Marking Scheme / Pattern for Note Making and Summarising:

(a) Note-Title 1 Marks

(b) Abbreviation/Contraction 1 Marks (Minimum four)

(c) Sub-Headings (Four as per 3 Marks & the requirement) along with 2-3 points

Summary Writing

Content 2 Marks

Expression 1 Marks

(Standard word limit for summary is 50 words)

Q.1 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

1. How does television affect our lives? It can be very helpful to people who carefully choose the shows that they
watch Television can increase our knowledge of the outside world; there are high quality programmes that help us
to understand many fields of study, science, medicine, and the arts and so on. Moreover, television benefits very
old people who can’t often leave the house, as well as patients in hospital. It also offers non-native speakers the
advantage of daily informal language practice. They can increase their vocabulary and practice listening.

2. On the other hand, there are several serious disadvantages to television. Of course, it provides us with a
pleasant way to relax and spend our free time, but in some countries, people watch the ‘boob-tube’ for an average
of six hours or more a day. Many children stare at a television screen for more hours each day than they do
anything else, including studying and sleeping. It’s clear that the tube has a powerful influence on their lives and
that its influence is often negative.

3. Recent studies show that after only thirty seconds of watching television, a person’s brain ‘relaxes’ the same
way that it does just before the person falls asleep. Another effect of television on the human brain is that it seems
to cause poor concentration. Children who view a lot of television can often concentrate on a subject for only
fifteen to twenty minutes. They can pay attention only for the amount of time between commercials.

4. Another disadvantage is that television often causes people to become dissatisfied with their own lives. Real
life does not seem as exciting to these people as the lives of actors on the screen. To many people television
becomes more real than reality and their own lives ... boring.Also many people get upset or depressed when they
can’t solve problems in real life as quickly as television actors seem to.

5. Before a child is fourteen years old, he or she views eleven thousand murders on the tube. He or she begins to
believe that there is nothing strange about fights, killings and other kinds of violence. Many studies show that
people become more violent after certain. Programmes. They may even do the things that they saw in a violent
show.
1.1. Make notes on the above passage using proper abbreviations (04) and suggest a suitable title. (3 + 1 + 1 = 05
Marks

1.2. Write a summary of the above passage in about 50 words (03 Marks)

1.1 Note Making

Title : The Impact of Television

1. Benefits of T.V.

1.i. Inc. our know. Of o/s world

1.ii.a. High qty prog

1.ii.Fields – science, medicine, arts

1.iii.Old people, patients – can’ t leave house

1.iv. Non-native speakers – daily informal long. Prac.

1.v. Inc. vocabulary, listening

2. Disadvantages of T.V./Boob-Tube on body

2.i. Long Duration of viewing – affects eyes

2.ii.Human brain

2.ii.a. gets drained

2.ii.b. poor concentration

2.iii. Effects of violent shows on adults/behaviour

3. Effects of T.V. on children

3.i. Lack of concentration in studies

3.ii. gets used to violence

3.iii. Loses discretion / understanding

4. Other effects

4.i. People become dissatisfied

4.ii. Unable to diff. b/w reel and real life

4.iii. Real life seems boring

4.v. Get upset/depressed – unable to solve the problems

Key to Abbreviations

1. Inc. – increases

2. o/s – outside

3. know – knowledge

4. lang. – language

5. prac. – practice

6. T.V. – television

7. difft. – differentiate

8. b/w – between

1.2 SUMMARY WRITING

The Impact of Television

Television viewing is both a boon and a bane. It’s an easily available source of entertainment for everyone, even
old people and patients. It offers high quality educational programmes. But it has a bad side too; it drains our
brain of energy and causes poor concentration in students. Violent shows often lead to violent behaviours in real
life among children and adults.

Q.2 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

In Delhi where 80% of the people are pedestrians in some stage of their commuting, least attention is paid in
pedestrian paths. Delhi’s sidewalks are too narrow, very poorly maintained and full of potholes, poles, junction
boxes and dangerous electrical installation, not to speak of the garbage dumps that stink and stare at the
pedestrian. Ashram Chowk is a good case in point where thousands of pedestrian change direction from the
Mathura road radial to the Ring Road. A flyover facilitates the automobiles, while the pedestrian is orphaned by
the investment hungry authorities. One corner of the Ashram Chowk has a ridiculous imitation wood sculpture
with an apology of a fountain and across the same Chowk you have the open mouthed massive garbage dump
right on the pedestrian path in full exhibition for the benefit of the public. These symbols of poor taste and object
apathy are then connected by narrow dangerous and often waterlogged footpaths for the helpless pedestrian to
negotiate. In the night street lighting in the central median light up the carriageway for cars and leave the
pedestrian areas in darkness. Delhi’s citizens leave and want to get to their destination as fast they can. No one
wants to linger on the road, no leisure walks; no one looks a stranger in the eye. It is on the pedestrian path that
citizen encounters head on the poor public management and the excuse called multiplicity of authorities One
agency makes the road, another digs it up to lay cables, third one comes after months to clear up the mess and the
cycle of unaccountability goes on. Meanwhile crores are spent in repairing the carriageway for vehicles and in
construction of the flyovers without a care for the pedestrian below. Solution offered is to make an expensive
underpass or an ugly foot over bridge, ostensibly for facilitating the pedestrian, while in reality they only facilitate
the car to move faster at the expense of the pedestrian. Take Kashmiri gate, ITO, Ashram Chowk, AIIMS. or
Dhaula Kuan, at all these important, at pedestrian crossover points the story is the same. They have pulled the
sidewalk from the pedestrian’s feet.In modern cities across the world, the pedestrian is king. The floor of the city
is designed and maintained as an inclusive environment, helping the physically challenged, the old and the infirm
children and the ordinary citizens to move joyful across the city, Delhi aspires to be world class city Hopefully
the authorities would look once again at the floor of Delhi. The pleasure of strolling on the road is deeply
connected to our sense of citizenship and sense of belonging. Pride in the city grows only on a well-designed
floor of the city.

2.1. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make-notes on it using heading and sub-heading. Also use
recognized abbreviation wherever necessary (minimum 4)

Supply a suitable title. (1+1+3-05 Marks)

2.2. Write the summary of the passage. (03 Marks)

2.1 Note making

TITLE: ‘PEDESTRIAN IN DELHI’

1. Delhi: a major city for pedestrian

1.i.Poor maint. of sidewalks.

1.ii.dangerous elect installation.

1.iii. garbage dump.

1.iv.Waterlogged footpaths.

2. Life in Delhi for citizens.

2.i. Fast life

2.ii.Poor public mgmt.

2.iii. Multiplicity of auth.

2.iv.Unaccountability

2.v.Costly constructions but useless.

3. Pedestrian in the modern city.

3.i Pedestrian; a king

3.ii.Floor of the city to provide great help.

Key to Abbreviations

1. Maint. – Maintainance

2. Elect. – Electrical

3. Mgmt. – Management

4. Auth. – Authorities

2.2 Summary writing

‘DELHI UNSAFE FOR PEDESTRIANS’

Delhi, although is a major city for the pedestrians, provide least attention in the matter of facilities. The sidewalks
are dangerous, narrow, poorly maintained, and full of potholes, garbage dumps, dangerous electrical fittings and
stinky urinals. Public management is poor. For making Delhi world class, the authorities would once again look at
the floor of Delhi.

Passages for Practice

Q.1 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The art of listening has become one of the most important skills in modern life-more important even than the
ability to read. Increasingly, communication is by spoken word in personal conversation, group addresses, in
communication by telephone, in reception of news and announcements over the radio and through the cinema or
television. The liveliness and activeness of response is a matter of habit born of proper training.Great, though the
differences between them, many people do not discriminate between hearing and listening. The former is merely
the exercise of one of the senses while the intellect remains passive. Certain sounds strike the ears, and we may or
may not attach meaning to them. In any case, we do not exert ourselves in the matter. Pupils in our schools ‘hear’
what popularly passes for ‘English’, and continue speaking a jargon of their own-usually a mispronounced
amalgam of shoddy Americanism sentence patterns based on prevailing language of the region.

Listening can go a long way towards correcting this situation. In listening, we hear with a purpose, with a
consciously directed intellect. In listening comprehension as applied to English, our aim should be to train the
pupil to understand the language, the type of speech that Professor LIyod James suggests,’ can be heard anywhere
without causing discontent’.Such English is not ‘elocution’, Oxford’, or even B.B.C English. The last type is
‘Standard English’-the kind that can be understood wherever the language is spoken. Most of our pupils will
never attain to that type in their own speech. They may even after all the training we can give them, retain
regional peculiarities of cadence and stress-a sort of Modified Standard English.Assuming such English in the
teachers at our schools, we suggest the following:We ought to distinguish between ‘Listening for comprehension
of content ‘and ‘listening to the sounds of English with a view to imitation and reproduction i.e. learning to speak
well.’ Both kinds of listening must be cultivated, but with more attention to the latter in the earlier stages and with
more attention to the former as pupils progress towards the senior classes.‘Listening, pen in hand ‘may be
instituted, to be completed with instruction and practice in the proper method of intelligent note-making that
testifies to intelligent listening.

a) On the basis of your reading of the passage, make notes on it in a suitable format. Use

recognizable abbreviations, wherever necessary. Give a title to your notes. (5)

B) Write the summary of the above passage. (3)