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    3236 - Class Note - Pronouns

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    3236 - Class Note - Pronouns

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    3236 - Class Note - Pronouns

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    Pronouns

    A word used in place of a Noun is called a Pronoun. It is used in order to avoid repetition of
    a noun in a sentence or to point at a specific object.

    Repeating the same noun again and again


    ● Example - Sarah has always loved fashion. Sarah announced that Sarah wants to go to
    fashion school.
    ● Instead of using Sarah again and again in the given sentence, the pronoun, ‘She’ can be
    used.
    Using a Pronoun
    ● Sarah has always loved fashion. She announced that she wants to go to fashion school.

    Personal Pronouns
    ● A personal pronoun as the name refers, is used to refer to a person, thing, or group in a
    sentence.
    ● The person’s point of view (POV) can be shown in one of three grammatical “persons.”
    ● First - person – This refers to the speaker. They are talking about themselves.
    ● Second - person - A second-person pronoun refers to the person being spoken to. This is
    when one person is talking to a second person.
    ● Third - person - This refers to the person being spoken of or spoken about. This is when
    one person is talking about another person.
    ● For these three grammatical persons, there is both a singular, and a plural form
    depending on whether the person is a subject or an object in the sentence.
    ● Example:
    1. I got a new job.
    2. She got a new job.
    3. I gave her today’s newspaper.
    ● Pronouns that stand for the three persons are: me, we, us, you, he, him, she, her, it,
    they, them.
    The Pronoun which describes or stands for a thing or verb or any nonliving
    thing but not for a person is the impersonal Pronoun. Sometimes we use it
    in case of undetermined gender, like for an insect or animal. For example,
    this Pronoun seems to stand for no person, but we use it to describe things,
    places, or verbs.

    Examples:

     It is raining.

    Here it describes the verb raining.

     It is a tasty pizza.

    Here it denotes pizza, a food item.

     I did not see the bug, but it stung me.

    In the above sentence, the word is referring to the insect.


    Possessive Pronouns
    Possessive pronouns show that something belongs to someone.

    Demonstrative Pronouns
    Demonstrative pronouns are those that are employed to point at the things they are referring to.
    Pronouns that point to particular things are referred to as demonstrative pronouns. The
    demonstrative pronouns this, that, these, and those are a few instances.

    ● Words used for Nouns to point at something/ someone. For example – This, These, That,
    Those.
    ● When describing things, these pronouns can be either near or far in terms of distance or
    time.
    ● Near in time or distance: This, These.
    ● Far in time or distance: That, Those.

    Distributive Pronouns

    Demonstrative pronouns are those that are employed to point at the things they are referring to.
    Pronouns that point to particular things are referred to as demonstrative pronouns. The
    demonstrative pronouns this, that, these, and those are a few instances.

    Examples: • These oranges are rotten. • Those buildings are new. • This is my bottle. • That is your
    phone.
    ● Words used for individuals or objects referring to them as one at a time.
    ● A distributive pronoun considers members of a group separately, rather than
    collectively.
    ● It is always singular and as such it should be followed by a singular noun and verb.
    ● Few examples of distributive pronouns: Each, Either, Any, None, Neither, Every.
    Example:
    1. Each of us think the same.
    2. None of these pieces match.

    Reflexive Pronouns
    Pronouns that relate back to the sentence's subject are known as reflexive pronouns. Myself,
    yourself, herself, himself, oneself, itself, ourselves, themselves, and yourselves are a few examples of
    reflexive pronouns. Self or selves is used with the pronoun in this form as a suffix.

    Read the sentences that follow.

    • I blame myself for my failure.

    • In our sleep, we frequently chat to ourselves.

    The pronouns I, we, you, yourself, he, she, they, and themselves behave like verbs' objects, but they
    refer to the same people as the verbs' subjects. They are therefore known as reflexive pronouns.
    Relative Pronouns

    Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses. The most common relative pronouns are who,
    whom, whose, which, that. The relative pronoun we use depends on what we are referring to
    and the type of relative clause.

    We don’t know the person who donated this money.


    We drove past my old school, which is celebrating its 100th anniversary this year.
    He went to the school (that) my father went to.
    That’s the dog who doesn’t like me. (defining; referring to a pet animal)

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