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UNIT - 4 - Internet of Things

UNIT_4

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31 views10 pages

UNIT - 4 - Internet of Things

UNIT_4

Uploaded by

ferok92660
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Internet of Things (IoT)

• Internet of Things is a system of interrelated computing devices or objects which


have the ability to transfer the data over a network without requiring any human to
human or human to computer interaction uniquely addressable, based on standard
communication protocol.
• It is a giant network of connected things, capturing the data about the way they are
used and the environment around them.
• When we speak about the “Things” in IoT, these are objects not precisely
identifiable.
• The sensors are used in the devices and objects and these feed the data to various
IoT platforms.
• Further, IoT platforms are used to gather the pinpointed information, detect
patterns.
• Thus, with the above process the IoT helps the organizations and institutions in
reducing the cost through improved processes efficiency, asset utilization and
productivity.
Source: IBM, What is the Internet of Things? https://www.ibm.com/blogs/internet-of-things/what-is-the-iot/
Different Names of IoT
• Internet of Everything
• Smarter Planet
• Machine to Machine (M2M)
• The Fog
• Tsensors (Trillion Sensors)
• The Industrial Internet
• Industry 4.0
• Internet of Things (IoT)
Reasons of IoT
 Data deluge : The explosion of the amount of data collected and exchanged is one of the major
reason why IoT came in existence. Forecasts indicate that in the year 2015 more than 220 Exabytes
of data are stored. So we need novel mechanisms to find, fetch, and transmit data.

 There is decrease in energy required to operate intelligent devices. The search will be for a zero
level of entropy where the device or system will have to harvest its own energy.

 Miniaturization of devices: the devices are becoming increasingly smaller.

 Autonomic management: the devices/systems of future will have self-management, self-healing,


and self-configuration capabilities.

 IPv6 as an integration layer: allows to exploit the potential of IPv6 and related standards.

Source: Tata Consultancy Services. http://gisfi.org/pdf/june_21_23_10/Internet_of_Things.ppt


Internet of Things Enablers

• Energy
• Intelligence
• Communication
• Integration
• Interoperability
• Standards Image Source: The Internet of Things, 2012, New Horizons, Edited by: Ian G Smith,
Technical Editors: Ovidiu Vermesan Peter Friess Anthony Furness http://www.internet-of-
things-research.eu/pdf/IERC_Cluster_Book_2012_WEB.pdf

Source: Tata Consultancy Services. http://gisfi.org/pdf/june_21_23_10/Internet_of_Things.ppt


IoT
• Internet for Devices
• Internet for M2M communication
• Internet for Non Human
Threat vs. Opportunity

• If misunderstood and misconfigured, IoT poses risk


to our data, privacy, and safety.

• If understood and secured, IoT will enhance


communications, lifestyle, and delivery of services.
How are the networks changing?
• Extensions
– More nodes, more connections
– Any TIME, Any PLACE + Any THING
– M2M, IoT
• Billions of interconnected devices,
• Everybody is connected.
• Expansions
– Broadband
– LTE, 5G
• Enhancements
– Smart networks
– Data-centric and content-oriented networking
– Context-aware (autonomous) systems

Source: University of Surrey. IoT,


http://personal.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/P.Barnaghi/teaching/EEEM048/2015/EEEM048_Lecture1_Introduction.ppt
Technology Trend

Re -Source: university of Surrey. IoT,


http://personal.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/P.Barnaghi/teaching/EEEM048/2015/EEEM048_Lecture1_Introduction.ppt
Architectural Trends
• The following issues are important for IoT standardization
 Designing Web Services
 Designing Messaging Services
 Designing Common Data Exchange Formats
 Using Internet Protocol Layers or an IP proxy layer
• The architectural framework needs to incorporate all the desired aspects such as
scalability, flexibility, adaptability etc.

• The components, and interfaces for various building blocks such as device interfaces,
data formats, networking standards and protocols, service platforms and application
interfaces are to be defined in IoT standards.

Source: Tata Consultancy Services. http://gisfi.org/pdf/june_21_23_10/Internet_of_Things.ppt


Data Lifecycle

Stage-1 Data Collection Stage-2 Data Analytics Stage-3 Data Use/


Reuse
Context- metadata, ID, Compute- Store, index, Own use/sharing –
location, time aggregate, structure trust, access, value
Validation – format, Correlate- benchmark, Action- interface,
range, source profile, informed decision visualization,
Verification –accuracy, Compliance- quality, application
consistency, integrity control, governance, Secondary use-
skills/competence risks/precaution,
rights/ licenses

Interaction/ Feedback/ Control

Source: The IET Technical Report, Digital Technology Adoption in the Smart Built Environment: Challenges and opportunities of data driven systems for building,
community and city-scale applications,
http://www.theiet.org/sectors/built-environment/resources/digital-technology.cfm

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