Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

MIN 302- Machine Design
Tutorial 1-Part A
1. For each of theplane stress states listed below,draw aMohr's circle diagram properly labelled,
find the principal normal and shcar stresscs, and determine the angle from the x axis to Oj. Draw
stress clenments as in Fig. 1(a) and (b) and label all details.
(a) ox = 12 MPa, oy = 6MPA, Tyy = 4 MPa, cw
(b) o, =9 MPa, a, = 19 MPa, Tyy =8 MPa, cw
2

Fig. I(2). Fig. 1(b).

2. The cantilevered bar in the Fig 2 is made from aductile material and is statically loaded with F,=
800 N and R= R, = 0. Analyze the stress situation in rod AB by obtaining the following
information.
(a) Determine the precise location of the critical stress element.
(b) Sketch the critical stress element and determine magnitudes and directions for all stresses
acting on it. (Transverse shear may only be neglected if you can justify this decision.)
(c) For the critical stress element, determine the principal stresses and the maximum shear
stress.

3. The cantilevered bar in the Fig. 3 is made from a ductile material and is statically loaded with
E=1kN and F,=F, =0. Analyze the stress situation in the small diameter at the shoulder at A
by obtaining the following information.
(a) Determine the precise location of the critical stress element at the cross section at A.
(b) Sketch the critical stress element and determine magnitudes and directions for all stresses
acting on it. (Transverse shear may be neglected if you can justify this decision.)
(c) For the critical stress element, determine the principal stresses and the maximum shear
stress.
 50 mm
25 mm dia

6 mm
38 mm

125 mmn
150 mm

Fig. 2.

50 mm

A
300 mm
38 mm dia.
B
3mm R
50 mm
24 mm dia

38 mm dia.

18 mm dia.
400 mm

Fig. 3.
 Department of Mechanleal & Industrial Engineerlng
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
MIN 302 - Machine Design
Tutorlal| -Part B

4. A solid stecl shaft ABCDE (Figure 4) having diameter d 30 nm turns freely in bearings at
points 4and E. The shaft is driven by a gear at C, which applies a torque T2 450 N-n in the
direction shown in the figurc. Gears at Band Darc driven by the shaft and havc resisting torqucs
TË = 275 N-m and T;= 175 N-m, respectively, acting in the opposite direction to the torque T2.
Segments BC and CDhave lengths LBC = 500 mm and Lcp = 400 mm, respectively, and the shear
modulus G= 80 GPa. Determinc the maximum shear stress in cach part of theshaft and the angle
of twist between gears B and D.

Fig, 4.
5. A countershaft carrying two V-belt pulleys is shown in the figure 5. Pulley A receives power
from a motor through abelt with the belt tensions shown. The power is transmitted through the
shaft and delivered to the belt on pulley B. Assume the belt tension on the loose side at B is 15
percent of the tension on the tight side.
a) Determine the tensions in the belt on pulley B, assuming the shaft is running at a constant
speed.
(b) Find the magnitudes of the bearing reaction forces, assuming the bearings act as simple
supports.
(c) Draw shear-force and bending-moment diagrams for the shaft. If needed, make one set
for the horizontal plane and another set for the vertical plane.
(d) At the point of maximumbending moment, determine the bending stress and the torsional
shear stress.
(e) At the point of maximum bending moment, determine the principal streses and the
maximum shear stress.

6. Acountershaft carrying two V-belt pulleys is shown in the figure 6. Pulley A receives power
from a motor through a belt with the belt tensions shown. The power is transmitted through the
shaft and delivered to the belt on pulley B. Assume the belt tension on the loose side at B is 15
percent of the tension on the tight side.
a) Determine the tensions in the belt on pulley B, assuming the shaf is running at a constant
speed.
(b) Find the magnitudes of the bearing reaction forces, assuming the bearings act as simple
supports.
(c) Draw shear-force and bending-moment diagrams for the shaft. If necded, make one set
for the horizontal plane and another set for the vertical plane.
 (e) (d)At
maximum
stress.
shear stress.
shear
At
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250 point point
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of
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300 maximum
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a bending
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Fig. 6. 30-mmdia moment,
A moment,
Fig.5. 450mm
250-mmdia determine
450 determine
150
B the
300mm
the bending
dia.
300 principal
stress

stresses and
the
andtorsional
the
 Fig.2.
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 Tutorial-4
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MIN
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 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
MIN 302- Machine Design B.Tech. (Mechanical) 3rd Yr.
Stress Concentration
Tutorial -7(2 Hrs.)
load P
1. (a) A flat bar is shown in bclow Fig. (Dimensions in mm) which carries an axial
= 40KN. Determine the minimum radius r required so that the max imum stress in the
member willnot cxceed 110 MPa.

75 S0

Ti25

(b) The spindle shown in be<ow Fig. (Dimensions in mm) is a part of an industrial brake
and is loaded as indicated. Each load P =40KN is applied at the mid points ofits bearing
area. Assuming that dy = 22.5 mm,d, = 15 mm, determine the radius of the fillet (r) in
order that the maximum stress in 15 mm diameter portion ofthe spindle will not exceed
the maximum stress in 22.5 mm diameter portion.

1 10

2. A bending moment of 15 Nm is applied to a brittle round shaft as shown in below Fig.

The Su of the shaft material is 200 N/mm² and the stress concentration at the fillet is
1.5. Find the diameter(d), the factor of safety and the magnitude of stress at the fillet.
Take r =2 mm.

2r

15 N-m D 15 N-m

0.25d
 below Fig.
3. An axle is simply supported by the bearings at the ends as shown in
(dimensions in mm). A vertically downward load of 10 KN is acting on the axle
between scctions Aand Bas shown. Find the location and magnitude of maximum
stress in the axle.

10 kN
100

D43
D32 B
10-4
250 175 125

4. A rectangular plate, 15 mm thick, made of a brittle material is shown in below Fig.

Calculate the stresses at each of three holes and find out the critical cross- section.

36 50 100

20 KN 25 20 kN

5. Find the maximum value of stress at the hole and semi-circular notch as shown in below
Fig, and mention the critical section. What would be the percentage change in the load
carrying capacity of the bar if the Centre's of the hole and semi-circular notches were
in same vertical axis?

50 mm 100 mm 45000 N
45000 N

15 mm
25 mm
 12 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4
2.0 2.2 2.6
1.0 2.6| 1.4 1.6 1.8
18 20 22 24 2.6
Round
4
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010
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--15 !
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15
 10,000 Ceramics
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 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 1: Design of Shaft

1. The armature shaft of a 40 kW, 720 rpm electric motor, mounted on two bearings
A and B, as shown in figure. The total magnetic pull on the armature is 7 kN and it
can be assumed to be uniformly distributed over a length of 700 mm midway
between the bearings. The shaft is made of steel with an ultimate tensile strength of
770 N/mm2 and yield strength of 580 N/mm2. Determine the shaft diameter using
the ASME code if the combined shock and fatigue factor applied to bending and
torsion are 1.5 and 1 respectively. Assume that the pulley is keyed to the shaft.
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 2: Design of Shaft

1. Determine the diameters of a hollow shaft with a ratio of 𝑑𝑖/𝑑𝑜 of 0.8, capable of
transmitting 300 kW at 225 rev/min, when subjected to a maximum bending
moment of 5500 Nm. The load is suddenly applied with minor shocks for torsional
moment, the bending moment is steady, and the allowable shearing stress is 56 MPa.

2. A hollow steel shaft is to transmit 20 kW at 300 rpm. The loading is such that the
maximum bending moment is 1000 N-m, the maximum torsional moment is 500 N-
m and axial compressive load is 15 kN. The shaft is supported on rigid bearings 1.5
m apart. The maximum permissible shear stress on the shaft is 40 MPa. The inside
diameter is 0.8 times the outside diameter. The load is cyclic in nature and applied
with shocks. Determine the shaft diameters if the combined shock and fatigue factor
applied to bending and torsion are 1.6 and 1.5 respectively.
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 3: Design of Shaft

1. An intermediate shaft of a gearbox, supporting two spur gears A and B and mounted
between two bearings C1 and C2, as shown in figure. The pitch circle diameters of
gears A and B are 500 and 250 mm respectively. The shaft is made of alloy steel
20MnCr5. (Sut = 620 and Syt = 480 N/mm2). The combined shock and fatigue factor
applied to bending and torsion are 2 and 1.5 respectively. Assume that the gears are
connected to the shaft by means of keys.
(i) Determine the shaft diameter using the ASME code.
(ii) The permissible angle of twist for the shaft is 0.25° per metre length and the
modulus of rigidity is 79300 N/mm2. Determine the shaft diameter on the basis of
torsional rigidity.
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 4: Design of Shaft

1. Find the diameter of the solid round shaft 1650 mm long supported on two bearings
driven by a belt pulley and driving two gears as shown in figure. The pulley is keyed
to the shaft with a key. SAE 1045 annealed steel is used. The bending and torsional
moments are suddenly applied with moderate shock. The shaft is roughly finished.
(Take allowable shear stress= 40MPa and surface finish factor=0.95)
 Department of Mechanical &Industrial Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
MIN 302 - Machine Design B.Tech. (Mechanical) 3rd Year
Assignment No. 02 (1 Hr) Fatigue Considerations in Design

l. Ina uniaxialtensile test of asteel specimen, the relation between strain (c) and stress (a) is determined as,
10

E=0.0014+| where o is in MPa. The strain corresponding to the ultimate strength of the material
620

IS equal to 0.0010. 1fthe specimen has a machined surface finish, determine the theoretical and corrected
endurance strength due to axial loading. Assume any non-computable Marin factor as unity.

2. A specimen with rectangular cross-section (width = 40 mm, depth = 25 mm) and hot-rolled surface finish
is made of AISI 1035 steel having a tensile strength of 550 MPa. It is used under bending load (non
rotating) at a temperature of 30°C and reliability of 95%. Determine the corrected endurance strength of
the specimen. Assume any non-computable Marin factor asunity.

3. A rod made of steel, with ground surface finish, has an ultimate tensile strength of 520 MPa and an ultimate
shear strength of 300MPa. The shaft is fixed at one end and is subjected to a fully reversing torque of 2
kN.m at the other end. The theoretical endurance strength in shear is 40% of the ultimate shear strength.
It is assumed that there is no stress-concentration in the specimen. Also, assume any non-computable
Marin factor as unity.
(a) If the diameter of the rod is 50 mm, determine the life of the component. (Assume
f=0.85 for torsion)
(b) What is maximum value of completely reversed torque (in kN.m) that can be applied on the
specimen
if it is required to have a minimum life of 4x 10 cycles ?
 Departmentof Mechanical&Industrial Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
MIN 302- Machine Design
B.Tech. (Mechanical) 3d Year
Assignment No. 03 (1 Hr) FatigueConsiderations in Design
dianeter of 36 mm is subjccted to a purcly
A stecl shatt having an ultimate strength of 700 MPa and a
(25°C) with a reliability of 99 %%. The
reversing torquc in rotating mode. It is opcratcd at room temperaturc
lcast I10 MPa. Which types of surface
shatt is required to have a corrected cndurance strength of at
finishes can be used on the shaft ? Assume non-computable Marin factors as unity.

The shaft is fixcd at one end and a

2. A steel shaft (Ki =1.75: Sut = 650 MPa) has a diameter of 30 mm.
bending. A
completely reversed concentrated load of magnitude 1 kN is applicd at the other cnd to cause
middle
semi-circular groove is made at the middle of the sbaft in such a way that the diameter at the
becomes 21 mm.
(a) Determine the fatigue stress-concentration factor (KA at the middle of the shaft.
what should be thc
(b) If the stress generated at the middle of the shaft should not exceed 200 MPa,
maximum length of the shaft?
3. A high strength steel axle (Sut = 690 MPa) as shown in Fig. 1 has a reliability of 99.99 %.
(a) Determine the corrected endurance strength of the axle under torsional load in rotating mode. Assume
non-computable Marin factors as unity.
(b) The torsional stress-concentration factors (Kts) for the grooves (Fig. 1) with radii R= 12 mm and R=
3mm are 1.25 and 1.55 respectively. Determine the maximum amplitude of completely reversed
torque which the axle can sustain?

RI2

Fig. 1 (Dimensions are in mm)

 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
MIN 302- Machine Design B.Tech. (Mechanical) 3rd Year
Assignment No. 01(1 Hr) Fatigue Considerations in Design
1. The modified endurance limit of amaterial is 180 MPa. If the fatigue strength of the material at 10 cycles
is 540MPa, what is the fatigue strength at 10 cycles? Also, determine the life of thecomponent under a
completcly reversed cyclic stress of 100 MPa. If the component under this cyclic stress fails after
continuous loading for 30 days, then what is the loading frequency in Hertz?

2. Specimens made of steel are subjected to completely reversed fatiguc loads at a cycle-frequency of 50 Hz.
When the stress-amplitude is310 MPa, the specimens fail after 8 hours, whereas when the stress-amplitude
is 294 MPa, the specimens fail after 15 hours. Determine the mnodified endurance limit of the material.

3. The S-N curve of a certain steel material is given as S = 1862 N-018135, where S is in MPa. The fatigue
strength of the material at 10 cycles is 85% of its ultimate strength. Determine the modified endurance
strength and the number of cycles to failure when a completely reversed stress-amplitude of 650 MPa is
applied on the specimen.
4. Asteel material (Su <1400 MPa, E= 200 GPa, K- 1.2) undergoes purely elastic deformation upto 0.001
maximum strain under uniaxial tensile loading, Its endurance limit 1.6 times the yield strength. The fatigue
strength of the material after 1000 cycles of loading is 90% of its ultimate strength. A forged shaft is made
from this steel material with different diameterS, lengths and shoulder fillets as shown in Fig. 1 (all
dimensions are in mm). It is simply supported at points Aand E. Anon-rotating uniformly varying bending
load of 1 kN/mm and a moment of 10 MN.mm are applied as shown in Fig. 1. Both the load and the
moment are cyclicin nature with full reversals.
a) Determine the modified endurance limit of the shaft. Assume non-computable Marin factors as unity.
b) State whether the shaft has an infinite or finite life with appropriate validation. If the life is finite,
determine the number of cycles to failure.
10 MN.mm
1 kN/mm

50 J¢ 50
G
B D

80 35 35 50 50 50

Fig. 1
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

MIN 302-Machine Design B.Tech. (Mechanical) 3rd Year

Assignment No. 04 (1 Hr) Fatigue Considerations in Design
Assume non-computable Marin lactors as unity.
Aspecimen made of steel has a fatigue strength of 162 MPa at S0000 fully-reversed cycles and 143 MPa
at 95000 fully-reversed cycles The cndurance strength at |0'cycles is 90% of the
ultimate strength. If this
specimen is subjccted to a stress fluctuating between I 10 MPa and 40 MPa, deternine the factor of safety
as per
a) Modificd Goodman's criterion.
b) Gerber's criterion.

Aplate of unit thickness wvith a hole as shown in Fig. I is made of steel (S, 270 MPa, S 350 MPa)
with amachined surface finish. It subjccted to an axial load luctuating betwecen I.5 kN and 5.5
kN. The
stress concentration factor (K) is 2.180. Take Neubar's constant (Va) for axial loading as 0.124 ymm.
Determine the factor of safety as per Soderberg's criterion.

100
mm

Fig. 1

3. The cantilever beam shown in Fig, 2 is made of cold-drawn stecl with Su= 330 MPa It has a circular
cross-section of diameter (d) 45 mm and lengthl. Atthe free end of the beam, a load luctuating between
4 kN and 2KN is applicd to cause bending. At a distance of 0.75/ from the free end of the beam, a semi
circular notch of radius 3 mm is present with K, = 1.90. The stress concentration at the fixcd end is
negligible. The beam is required to have minimum factor of safety as 1.3 as per modified Goodman's
criterion. Determine the permissible length of the beam.
4 kN
2 KN
Semi-circular notc1
3 mm)

d= 45 mm

0.75 /

Fig. 2
 weuvap and Important Design Equations for the Stress-Life Method
Completely Reversed Loading
1. Estimate the endurance limit:
Sut Sut S 1400 MPa
700 MPa Sut > 1400 MPa
Mouy S using Marin's modification factors to determine modified endurance limit:
S, = kakakekakekfS
(a) Surface Factor: ko = a S,
Surface
Factor a Exponent
Finish Su kpsi Sut MPa
1.34 1.58 -0.085
Ground
2.70 4.51 -0.265
Mochined or colddrown
14.4 57.7 -0.718
Horolled
39.9 272. -0.995
Astorged
(b) Size Factor:
For rotating shaft
S1.24d-0.107 2.8 < d< 51 mm
i. Bending & Torsion: k, (1.51d-0.157 51< d< 254 mm
ii. Axial Loading: kh =1
" For non-rotating or non-circular cross-sections

Ao.9sg = 0.01046d2
d, = 0.370d

Ao.95 =0.05hb
do = 0.808Vhb

0.10at; axis 1-l

0.05ba t > 0.025a axis 2-2
2
2.

(0.05ab axis 1-l

A9.95 = 0.052xa +0.ltr(b-x) axis 2-2

Page | 1
Page |2

Reliability
Factor:(e) Temperature
Factor:(d) (c)
Case Case Load
Reliability, i. i. i . i.
99.99999.99 99.9 99 95 90 50 Use Find II:Take Find I:
88& 88 ka Endurance Factor:
followingtensile Only
=0.9986 endurance
ka=
tensile ke
Temperature, C strength 1.
% =0.85
equation limit 0.59 (1.00
Reliability strength limit
600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 +
50 20 0.0003T
at at room at
operating
to operating
0.6590.7020.7530.8140.8680.897 1.000 at TorsiomBending
find
room temperature Axial
Eactor 4× k¡.
temperature
temperature temperature
0.5490.6720.7680.8430.9000.9430.975 1.0001.020 1.0251.0201.0101.000Si/SRT
10-7T22
ko (S)

RT
T’Operating
Temperature (ST) (SRT) (S) known,
’
x
Room
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where
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T
in table.
°C table.
Page|3
3.
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Page |4
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After MTE
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 1: Design of Threads, fasteners and power screws

1. A square-thread power screw of 32 mm major diameter and 4 mm pitch with double

threads is to be used in an application similar to that in the Joyce worm-gear screw
jack. Given that, the coefficient of friction at screw threads f =0.08, coefficient of
collar friction fc = 0.08, mean collar diameter Dm = 40 mm, and the axial
compressive load F = 6.4 kN per screw.
(a) Find the thread depth, thread width, mean diameter, minor diameter, and lead.
(b) Find the torque required to raise and lower the load.
(c) State whether the screw is self-locking.
(d) Find the efficiency during lifting the load.
(e) Find the body stresses i.e. torsional and compressive stresses, considering the
column action factor equal to 1.
(f) Find the bearing stress.
(g) Find the thread bending stress at the root of the thread.
(h) Determine the von Mises stress at the root of the thread.
(i) Determine the maximum shear stress at the root of the thread.
(j) Compare the efficiencies for raising the load if Acme threads (2θ=29º) are used
instead of square threads.
[Hint for parts (f) to (i):- In estimating thread stresses, substituting ‘0.38F’ for ‘F’
and setting the number of engaged threads ‘nt’ to 1 will give the largest level of
stresses in the thread-nut combination]
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 2: Design of Threads, fasteners and power screws

1. Two machine parts are fastened together tightly by means of a M24X3 mm tap bolt.
If the load tending to separate these bolts is neglected, compute the stress that is set
up in this bolt by the initial tightening with fluid-tight joint. (Take d c = 20.32 mm)

2. The cylinder head of a steam engine is subjected to a steam pressure of 1 N/mm2. It

is held in position by means of 15 bolts. A soft copper gasket is used to make the
joint leak-proof. The effective diameter of cylinder is 300 mm. Find the size of the
bolts so that the stress in the bolts is not to exceed 100 MPa. (Take gasket factor =
0.5 and dc = 0.84d)
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 3: Design of Threads, fasteners and power screws

1. The diameter of the air cylinder of an air press is 200 mm and the cylinder assembly
is held together by six bolts which are of the length of cylinder. The maximum
operating air pressure in the cylinder is 0.9 N/mm2. Experience with the previous
designs indicates that the gasket must be preloaded with 20 kN forces to prevent air
leakage. Suggest suitable diameter for the tension bolts (use table given below)
which are made of steel having 500 N/mm2 as the yield strength. Assume the factor
of safety to be 2.7 and 𝑒𝑐/𝑒𝑏=𝑎=0.33.

2. A machine vice, as shown in figure, has single-start, square threads with 22 mm

nominal diameter and 5 mm pitch. The outer and inner diameters of the friction
collar are 55 and 45 mm respectively. The coefficients of friction for thread and
collar are 0.15 and 0.17 respectively. The machinist can comfortably exert a force
of 125 N on the handle at a mean radius of 150 mm. Assuming uniform wear for the
collar, calculate
i. The clamping force developed between the jaws; and
ii. The overall efficiency of the clamp.
iii. Find the efficiency based on uniform pressure theory for the collar.
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 4: Design of Threads, fasteners and power screws

1. The construction of a gate valve used in high-pressure pipeline is shown in figure.

The screw is rotated in its place by means of the handle. The nut is fixed to the gate.
When the screw rotates, the nut along with the gate moves downward or upward
depending upon the direction of rotation of the screw. The screw has single-start
square threads of 40 mm outer diameter and 7 mm pitch. The weight of the gate is
5 kN. The water pressure in the pipeline induces frictional resistance between the
gate and its seat. The resultant frictional resistance in the axial direction is 2 kN.
The inner and outer diameters of thrust washer are 40 and 80 mm respectively. The
values of coefficient of friction at the threads and at the washer are 0.15 and 0.12
respectively. The handle is rotated by the two arms, each exerting equal force at a
radius of 500 mm from the axis of the screw. Calculate
i. The maximum force exerted by each arm when the gate is being raised;
ii. The maximum force exerted by each arm when the gate is being lowered;
iii. The efficiency of the gate mechanism.
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 1: Design of Bearing

1. Select suitable radial ball bearings for the shaft shown in the figure. Given that the
maximum transverse loads on the shaft at the bearings R1 and R2 are 71.172 N and
240.204 N respectively. The minimum acceptable shaft diameter at R1 and R2 is 35
mm. The shaft speed is 1450 rpm and the expected life at 5% failure rate of the
bearing is 30000 hrs. Assume that the thrust loads are negligible.

2. A single-row, deep-groove ball bearing is to carry a radial load of 5000 N and a

thrust load of 3000 N. The shaft is to rotate at 1150 rpm, and a design life of 15000
hr is desired. The minimum acceptable diameter for the shaft is 75 mm. The bearing
is subjected to a light shock load and the outer ring is rotating. Select a suitable ball
bearing.
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 2: Design of Bearings

1. In the given figure, a schematic drawing of a countershaft that supports two V-belt
pulleys is shown. The countershaft runs at 1500 rev/min and the bearings are to have
a life of 60 kh at a combined reliability of 0.98. The belt tension on the loose side
of pulley A is 15 percent of the tension on the tight side. The diameter of the shaft
at bearings O and E is 35 mm and 40 mm respectively. Consider the load factor to
be 2.5. Select deep-groove bearings for use at O and E.
 Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
MIN-302 Machine Design

Tutorial- 3: Design of Bearings

1. A single-row deep groove ball bearing is subjected to a 30 second work cycle with
the operating cycle listed below.
Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4
Duration(s) 5 5 10 10
radial load (N) 4000 2750 2750 Nil
axial load (N) 3250 500 50 Nil
speed (rpm) 1200 1200 1800 1800

The static and dynamic load capacities of the ball bearing are 11600 and 17600 N
respectively.
i. Calculate the average speed of rotation in rpm.
ii. Calculate the expected life of the bearing in million rev.
iii. Calculate the expected average life of the bearing in million rev.
iv. If there are four such bearings, each with a reliability of 90% in a system,
what is the reliability of the complete system?

2. A ball bearing is subjected to a radial force which varies in sinusoidal way as shown
in figure. The direction of force remains fixed. The amplitude of the force is 1800
N and the speed of rotation is 700 rpm. Determine the dynamic load capacity of the
bearing for the expected life of 8000 h.