Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),

Vidya Vikas Polytechnic

27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Portfolio of Laboratory Sessions

Subject : Computer Hardware, Maintenance and Administration

Subject Code : 20CS32P
Semester : 3rd Semester

Name of the Student: …………………………………………….

Register Number: …………………………………………….

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028

Course Details
Program Computer Science and Engineering Semester III
Type of
Course Code 20CS32P Program Core
Course
8 hours/week
Computer Hardware, Administration and Contact
Course Name 104
Maintenance Hours
hours/semester
Teaching and
L:T:P :: 3:1:4 Credits 6
Scheme
CIE Marks 60 SEE Marks 40

Course Outcome:
Assemble a computer as per given technical specifications following all necessary safety protocols and
CO-01
install, configure and setup an administrator for a Windows Operating System.
Diagnose a computer using the right diagnostic tools, identify the hardware problem and troubleshoot to
CO-02
resolve the problem following all safety protocols.
Diagnose an installed software using the right diagnostic tools, identify the bug/issue, troubleshoot to
CO-03 resolve bugs/issues and ensure all data and applications are backed up before troubleshooting.

Explain e-waste protocols to be followed while disposing computer hardware, to ensure compliance
CO-04
with all required state pollution control board regulations.

Course Assessment:
Sl. Duration Max
Assessment Test Week Conversion
No In minutes marks
1. CIE-1 Written Test 5 80 30 Average of three
2. CIE-2 Written Test 9 80 30 tests
3 CIE-3 Written Test 13 80 30 30
4. CIE-4 Skill Test-Practice 6 180 100 Average of two skill
tests reduced to
5 CIE-5 Skill Test-Practice 12 180 100
20
CIE-6 Portfolio continuous
6 evaluation of Activity through 1-13 10 10
Rubrics
Total CIE Marks 60
Semester End Examination (Practice) 180 100 40
Total Marks 100

This course aims to help understand the internal working of computers/laptops and prepare the student for a
role as an entry-level IT support technician. This course sets a basis for different facets of information
technology like computer hardware, software, trouble shooting and customer service.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
APPENDIX 5 (Certificate issued by guide)

Name of the Institution: VIDYA VIKAS POLYTECHNIC

Address with pin code: 27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru,
Karnataka 570028

Department: Computer Science and Engineering

CERTIFICATE

Certified that this Practical Record entitled “Computer Hardware, Maintenance and

Administration 20CS32P” which is being submitted by ……...……….……………….……bearing

Register Number:456CS………, is a bonafide student of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Department, studying in Fourth Semester in our Institution and has fulfilment the Laboratory

prescribed by Department of Technical Education, Bangalore during the year 2023-2024. It is certified

that all corrections/suggestions indicated for internal Assessment have been incorporated in the Report.

Signature of the Staff In-charge

Signature of H.O.D

CIE (Internal Assessment Marks Obtained in Words):…………..……………………………………

External Examiner 1:………………………………

Dept. …………………………College…….…………………

External Examiner 2:………………………………

Dept. …………………………College…….…………………

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Portfolio Index
Portfolio evaluation of Practice Sessions (week1-week13)

Sl Computer Hardware Experiment Date Marks

1 Identification of Hardware Elements in a CPU

2 To Assembling a Desktop Computer

3 Create Boot Options: Boot from Disk, Floppy, or USB

4 Servicing of a Desktop Computer

Sl Computer Maintenance Experiment Date Marks

5 Identification of symptoms for failure

6 Study of different Anti-Virus software

7 Creating Disk Partition

8 Control of Services in Windows

Sl Computer Administration Experiment Date Marks

9 Installation of Operating System

10 Creating of User Groups and Administrator

11 Creating a Network System and Sharing System

Average of Marks (1~6) for First Skill Test

Average of Marks (6~11) for Second Skill Test

Final Average

Marks in Words:………………………………………………………………..

Signature of Student Signature of Staff

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -1

OBJECTIVE: - Identification of Hardware elements in a CPU.

HARDWARE REQUIRED: -Personal computer which contains different types of ports.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -Motherboard C D.
THEORY: - To learn about different ports and how to connect devices to them This diagram shows different
ports available on the back panel of the PC
A) Parallel port (LPT parallel port): As shown in the diagram parallel port with 25-pins can be
used to connect a Parallel port printer. Previously dot matrix, ink jet, bubble jet printers etc
were Connected to parallel port. Nowadays-parallel port is used to connect Dot-Matrix Printers.
B) Serial port: As shown in the diagram serial ports with 9-pins protruding outwards can be used
to connect modem but it can also be used for connecting mouse, provided serial port mouse is
available.
C) GA Port: VGA port which has 15-pins is used to connect a monitor.
D) PS/2 Port: Two 6-pin PS/2 ports are there; one is violet to which keyboard is connected and
other is Light green to which mouse is connected
E) USB Port: Connecting a USB device to a computer is simple — you find the USB connector
on the back of your machine and plug the USB connector into it. USB ports are used to connect
to Inkjet printers, Web Cams, Scanners etc.
F) Ethernet Port: Ethernet port is used to connect a computer on network through RJ-45
connector.
G) Game Port: Game Port is used to connect joystick, which is usually used in video game. Three
more ports are available for multimedia connections. Green port is used connect speakers, blue
port is used to connect headphones and light Orange is used to connect microphone.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -2
OBJECTIVE: - To Assembling a computer.
HARDWARE REQUIRED: -Personal computer which contains different types of ports,
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -No software required.
THEORY: - To enter into CMOS setup continue pressing Delete (Del) button while system is booting
Introduction: Things to prepare before assembly.
• Anti-static wrist strap.
• Set of screwdriver and pliers.
• Piece of cloth.
• CPU thermal compound (recommended).
• PC component.
• Heat Sink paste

THEORY: -
A) Sound Card
A sound card or audio board, which allows computers to output audio signals through speakers and or
headphones.
B) Video card
The video card is responsible for creating all that you see on your computer Monitor

Sound Card Video card

C) Network card
This piece of hardware allows your computer to be connected to a network of Other computers (known
as a LAN or Local Area Network).

Network Card

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028

Step 1: Installing the motherboard

• Unscrew and open the side doors of the cabinet.
• Lay the cabinet on its side.
• Put the motherboard in place.
• Drive in all the required screws on the motherboard screw mounting points.
Step 2: installing the CPU
• There is a golden mark on the CPU to help you assist.
• Place the CPU properly on the motherboard.
• Pull down the lever to secure the CPU in place.
Step 3: installing the heat sink
• After installing the processor, we proceed to installing the heat sink.
• Place the heat sink on the processor.
• Secure the heat sink with the lever or screws.
Step 4: Installing the Ram
• DDR RAM terminals are split into 2 lengths to fit in to the RAM connector.
• Push down the RAM into the slot.
• Make sure the both the clips hold the RAM properly.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Step 5: installing the power supply
• We will now install the power supply as the components we install after this will require power
cables to be connected to them.
• Place the PSU into the case bracket and Put the screws in place tightly
Step 6: installing the cards
• Installing the video card, Audio Card, Network Card in its slots
• Remove the back plate on the case corresponding to the graphics card.
• Push the card into the slot.
• Secure the card with a screw.
Step 7: installing the hard disk
• Place the hard drive into the bay.
• Secure the drive with screws.
• Connect the power cable from PSU to hard disk.
• Connect the PATA (IDE) or SATA cable from motherboard into the drive.
Step 8: installing optical drive
• Place the optical drive into the bay.
• Drive in the screws.
• Connect the power cable and data cable.
Step 9: connecting various cables
• Connect the large ATX power connector to the power supply port on your motherboard • Next
get hold of the smaller square power connector which supplies power to the processor and
connect it to the appropriate port by taking help from your motherboard manual.
• Connect the ATX case cables for power, reset button in the appropriate port of the motherboard.
• Connect the front USB/audio panel cable in the motherboard.
• Plug the cable of ATX case cooling fans.
Step 10: Verify
• Get the rest of the PC components like monitor, keyboard, mouse, speakers etc.
• Connect the VGA cable of the monitor into the VGA port.
• If mouse/keyboard are PS/2 then connect them to PS/2 ports or else use the USB port.
• Connect the speaker cable in the audio port.
• Plug in the power cable from PSU into the UPS.
• Also plug in the power cable of the monitor.
• DOUBLE CHECK ALL CABLES BEFORE POWER ON the PC!

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Step 11: installing the OS and drivers.
• Installing the OS and drivers.
• Insert OS CD/DVD into CD/DVD rom drive.
• Set the first boot device to CD/DVD drive in BIOS.
• Pop in the OS disk.
• Reboot the PC.
• Install the OS.
• Install drivers from motherboard CD (applicable only to Windows OS).
• All Done! PC is now ready to use
Glossary and Abbreviation
• Central Processing Unit.
• RAM – Random Memory Access.
• DDR -Double Data Rate.
• SDRAM – Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory.
• PSU -Power Supply Unit.
• AGP – Accelerated Graphics Port.
• PCI-E – Peripheral Component Interconnect- Express.
• SATA – Serial Advanced Technology Attachment.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -3
OBJECTIVE: - Create Boot Options: Boot from Disk, Floppy, or USB
HARDWARE REQUIRED: -Personal computer, Floppy disk, pen drive, CD/DVD
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -Non
THEORY: - To learn how to create boot options and change boot order
a) Create MS-DOS boot-able diskette
Microsoft has phased out boot-able floppy diskettes in favor of boot-able CDs and has not included a
method of creating a boot-able floppy diskette in Windows XP or from the CD. When formatting a
floppy diskette, users have the option of creating an MS-DOS startup disk, follow the steps below to
do this.
1. Place the diskette in the computer.
2. Open My Computer, right-click the A: drive, and click Format.
3. In the Format window, check Create an MS-DOS startup disk.
4. Click Start.
How to use a boot disk
Once the boot-able diskette is successfully created, follow the steps below to use the boot disk.
1. Place the diskette into write-protect mode (in case the computer has a virus).
2. Insert the diskette into the computer and reset or turn on the computer to begin the boot process.
3. As the computer is booting, answer the questions prompted (if any).
4. Once at the A:\> prompt, take the appropriate actions depending on the situation of the
computer.
b) To create boot from a CD or DVD in a Computer
To boot from the computer, place the CD (Compact Disc) or DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) into the
drive and reboot the computer. As the computer boots, it should detect the boot-able disc and use the
files on it to boot. If the computer loads to an error message when attempting to boot or loads into
Windows, you may be encountering any of the following situations.
Need to press a key to boot to CD or DVD
Some boot-able CDs (e.g., Microsoft Windows CD), prompts for you to press any key to boot from
the CD. If no key is pressed, the computer continues to boot normally and does not boot from the CD.
Make sure to pay close attention to the screen as the computer is starting and press a key if prompted.
c) To create a boot-able USB flash drive
1. Insert a USB flash drive into a running computer.
2. Open a Command Prompt window as an administrator.
3. Type “diskpart”.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
4. In the new command line window that opens, to determine the USB flash drive number or drive
letter, at the command prompt, type list disk, and then click ENTER. The list disk command
displays all the disks on the computer. Note the drive number or drive letter of the USB flash
drive.
5. At the command prompt, type select disk <X>, where X is the drive number or drive letter of
the USB flash drive, and then click ENTER.
6. Type clean, and the click ENTER. This command deletes all data from the USB flash drive.
7. To create a new primary partition on the USB flash drive, type create partition primary, and
then click ENTER.
8. To select the partition that you just created, type select partition 1, and then click ENTER.
9. To format the partition, type format fs=ntfs quick, and then click ENTER.
10. Type active, and then click ENTER.
11. Type exit, and then click ENTER.
12. When you finish preparing your custom image, save it to the root of the USB flash drive.
d) How to Change Your Computer's Boot Order
The boot order is controlled in your computer's BIOS or UEFI firmware, To access the BIOS, you’ll need to
restart your computer and press a specific key at the start of the boot process. This key is generally displayed
on-screen during the boot process. For example, you may see a message that says “Press <DEL"> to enter
setup” or “Press F2 to access the BIOS.” Press the required key at the correct time and your computer’s BIOS
will appear.
To change your boot order from Boot Menu option.

1. Press the appropriate key---often F11 or F12---to access the boot menu while booting your
computer. This allows you to boot from a specific hardware device once without changing your
boot order permanently.
2. On a UEFI-based PC---again, most PCs that shipped with either Windows 8 or 10 use UEFI--
-you can choose a boot device from the advanced boot options menu.
3. From within Windows, press and hold the Shift key and click the "Restart" option in the Start
menu or on the sign-in screen. Your PC will restart into the boot options menu.
4. Select the "Use a device" option on this screen and you can choose a device you want to boot
from, such as a USB drive, DVD, or network boot.
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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -4
OBJECTIVE: - Servicing of a Desktop Computer
HARDWARE REQUIRED: -Personal computer, Voltmeter, Heat sink paste, duster
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -Non
THEORY: - First Check SMPS Power Supply
To check an SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supply), start by safely connecting it to a 230V AC power source.
Make sure to follow all manufacturer instructions to avoid any mishaps. After ensuring it’s securely connected,
attach a known good load that matches the SMPS’s specifications. Next, use a multimeter to measure the output
voltage. Set your multimeter to the correct voltage range (like 12V or 24V), depending on your SMPS’s voltage
rating. Carefully connect the multimeter probes to the output terminals of the SMPS. A stable reading close to
the expected voltage indicates the SMPS is functioning properly.
Step-by-Step Guide to Checking SMPS

Checking an SMPS involves several steps to diagnose and ensure it functions correctly. Here’s a
step-by-step guide:

a) Visual Inspection: Start with a thorough visual inspection of the SMPS. Look for any signs of
physical damage, burnt components, or loose connections.
b) Check Input Voltage: Using a digital multimeter, measure the input voltage to ensure it
matches the specifications mentioned in the manual.
c) Test Output Voltage: Measure the output voltage at the connectors. Compare the readings
with the rated output voltage to ensure it is within the acceptable range.
d) Inspect Components: Check critical components like capacitors, resistors, and diodes for any
signs of damage or wear. Replace any faulty components.
e) Check for Short Circuits: Use the insulation tester to check for any short circuits within the
SMPS. This can help identify hidden issues that might not be visible.

How to Servicing of a Desktop Computer

Computer Hardware Servicing is the process of maintaining hardware components which include diagnosing
issues, upgrading, and repairing the hardware of a computer. Motherboard and power supply unit (PSU) are two
of the most important components of your computer. If they get dirty, dusty, or damaged, you may face various
motherboard problems or power supply issues, such as overheating, short circuits, or failures. To prevent these
problems and extend the lifespan of your motherboard and PSU, you need to clean and maintain them regularly.
Here are some tips on how to do that safely and effectively.
1. Prepare the tools
Before you start cleaning and maintaining your motherboard and PSU, you need to gather some tools and
materials.
❖ A screwdriver,
❖ A can of compressed air,
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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
❖ A soft brush,
❖ A microfiber cloth,
❖ Some isopropyl alcohol,
❖ Some thermal paste. and
❖ Wear an anti-static wrist strap to avoid damaging your components with static electricity.
2. Clean the motherboard
• To clean the motherboard, you need to remove it from the case and place it on a flat and clean surface.
• Use the can of compressed air to blow away any dust or debris from the surface and the slots of the
motherboard.
• Use the soft brush to gently wipe away any stubborn dust or dirt from the edges and the corners of the
motherboard.
• Use the microfiber cloth dampened with some isopropyl alcohol to clean any stains or grease from the
motherboard.
• Let the motherboard dry completely before reinstalling it.
3. Clean the PSU
• To clean the PSU, you need to remove it from the case and place it on a flat and clean surface.
• Use the can of compressed air to blow away any dust or debris from the fan and the vents of the PSU.
• Use the soft brush to gently wipe away any stubborn dust or dirt from the edges and the corners of the PSU.
• Use the microfiber cloth dampened with some isopropyl alcohol to clean any stains or grease from the PSU.
• Let the PSU dry completely before reinstalling it.
4. Replace the thermal paste
The thermal paste is a substance that helps transfer heat from the CPU and the GPU to the heatsink and the fan.
Over time, the thermal paste may lose its effectiveness, causing your components to overheat and malfunction.
• To replace the thermal paste, you need to remove the heatsink and the fan from the CPU and the GPU.
• Use the microfiber cloth dampened with some isopropyl alcohol to clean the old thermal paste from the
surfaces of the CPU, the GPU, and the heatsink.
• Apply a small amount of new thermal paste on the center of the CPU and the GPU, and spread it evenly with
a plastic card or a spatula.
• Reattach the heatsink and the fan to the CPU and the GPU.
5. Check the cables and connectors
• First inspect them for any signs of wear and tear, such as cuts, cracks, or burns.
• Replace any faulty cables or connectors with new ones.
• Make sure they are securely plugged into the right ports and slots.
• Avoid bending, twisting, or stretching them too much, as this may damage them.
• Use cable ties or clips to organize them neatly and prevent them from blocking the airflow.
6. Reassemble and test: After you have cleaned and maintained your motherboard and PSU, you need to
reassemble your computer and test it for any issues. Put back the motherboard and the PSU into the case and reconnect
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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
all the cables and connectors. Make sure everything is aligned and fastened properly. Put back the case cover and plug
in your computer to the power source. Turn on your computer and check if it boots up normally. Run some diagnostic
tools or benchmarks to test if your components are working correctly. If you encounter any problems, troubleshoot them
accordingly.
Troubleshooting Common Issues

When issues are detected, troubleshooting is the next step. Here are some common problems and solutions:

a) No Power: If the SMPS is not powering on, check the fuse and input voltage. Replace the
fuse if necessary and ensure the input voltage is correct.
b) Overheating: Excessive heat can indicate overloading or faulty cooling mechanisms. Ensure
proper ventilation and check for any blocked airflow paths.
c) Unstable Output: If the output voltage fluctuates, inspect the capacitors and replace any that
are bulging or leaking. Also, check the feedback circuit for issues.
d) Intermittent Functioning: This can be caused by loose connections or solder joints. Re-solder
any suspicious joints and ensure all connections are secure.
e) Noise in Output: If there’s noise in the output, check the inductors and transformers.
Replacing these components can often resolve the issue.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 21
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 22
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 23
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -5
OBJECTIVE: - Identification of symptoms for failure:
a. Beep codes and error codes.
b. Different symptoms of motherboard.
c. Beep, error and symptoms failure of FDDI.
d. Beep, error and symptoms of failure of keyboard.
HARDWARE REQUIRED: -PC which contains different types of ports.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -No software required.
a. Different symptoms of motherboard.
i) Failing to Boot
The most obvious sign that your motherboard might be faulty is if your computer fails to boot. This
could be due to a range of issues, from a faulty power supply to a faulty RAM module.
ii) Random Shutdowns
Another sign of a faulty motherboard is if your computer randomly shuts down without warning. This
could be due to various issues, from a faulty power supply to a faulty cooling system.
iii) Overheating
If your computer is overheating, this could be a sign of a faulty motherboard. Overheating can be
caused by a faulty cooling system to a faulty power supply.
iv) Strange Noises
If your computer is making strange noises, this could be a sign of a faulty motherboard. A faulty hard
drive to a faulty graphics card can cause strange noises.
v) Burning Smell from Motherboard
If you smell a burning smell coming from your motherboard, this is a sign of a serious problem. This
could be caused by a faulty component overheating, or by a short circuit.
vi) Hardware is Not Recognized
If your computer is not recognizing hardware, this could be a sign of a faulty motherboard. If your
computer is not recognizing hardware, it’s important to check all of the other components in the system
first before concluding that the motherboard is at fault.
vii) Blue Screen of Death
The blue screen of death is a common sign of a faulty motherboard. If your computer is experiencing
frequent blue screens, it’s important to check all of the other components in the system. In some cases,
a faulty driver or software can cause the blue screen of death.
Summary: Faulty motherboards can cause a variety of issues in a computer system, such as reduced
performance, random shutdowns, and even complete system failure. While the most common signs of
a faulty motherboard are bluescreening, beeping noises, and random restarts.
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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
b. Beep, error and symptoms failure of FDD.
Typical symptoms associated with floppy disk drive (FDD) failures during bootup include the
following:
1. FDD error messages are encountered during the bootup process.
2. An IBM-compatible 6xx (such as, 601) error code is displayed.
3. An FDD Controller error message display, indicating a failure to verify the FDD setup by the
system configuration file.
4. The FDD activity light stays on constantly, indicating that the FDD signal cable is reversed.
5. Disk Drive Read/Write/Seek error messages appear.
6. The No Boot Record Found message appears, indicating that the system files in the disk’s boot
sector are missing or have become corrupt.
7. The system stops working while reading a disk, indicating that the contents of the disk have
become contaminated.
c. Beep, error and symptoms of failure of keyboard.
Typical symptoms associated with keyboard failures include the following:
• No characters appear onscreen when entered from the keyboard.
• Some keys work, whereas others do not work.
• A Keyboard Error—Keyboard Test Failure error appears.
• A KB/Interface Error—Keyboard Test Failure error appears.
• An error code of six short beeps is produced during bootup (BIOS dependent).
• The wrong characters are displayed.
• An IBM-compatible 301 error code appears.
• An Unplugged Keyboard error appears.
• A key is stuck.
Beep codes and error codes: A couple of
sources indicate this could be a processor
error. But it depends on the BIOS. just says
that 5 beeps mean the battery that keeps
time and CMOS settings has died. You
need to look up the codes according the
BIOS maker. You should see the name
when booting. Award, for instance, will
flash their name as AWARD BIOS or
BIOS by Award, or something along those lines.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 26
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 27
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -6
OBJECTIVE: - Study of different Anti-Virus software, example, Windows Security.
HARDWARE REQUIRED: -Personal computer Windows 10 or above.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: - Windows Defender is built in Windows 10
THEORY:
Virus & threat protection in Windows Security
Virus & threat protection in Windows Security helps you scan for threats on your device. You can also run
different types of scans, see the results of your previous virus and threat scans, and get the latest protection
offered by Microsoft Defender Antivirus.
Under Current threats you can:
▪ See any threats currently found on your device.
▪ See the last time a scan was run on your device,
how long it took, and how many files were
scanned.
▪ Start a new quick scan or go into scan options to
run a more extensive or custom scan.
▪ See threats that have been quarantined before they can affect you and anything identified as a
threat that you have allowed to run on your device.
A) Run Scan:
Even though Windows Security is turned on and scans your device automatically, you can perform an
additional scan whenever you want.
▪ Quick scan. Select Quick scan (called Scan now in previous versions of Windows 10) to
immediately check your device for any recent threats. This option is useful when you don’t
want to spend the time running a full scan on all your files and folders.
▪ Scan options. Select this link to choose from one of the following advanced scan options:
I. Full scan: Scans every file and program on your device.
II. Custom scan: Scans only files and folders that you select.
III. Microsoft Defender Offline scan. Uses the latest definitions to scan your device for the
latest threats. This happens after a restart, without loading Windows. Run it when you
are concerned that your device has been exposed to malware or a virus, or if you want
to scan your device without being connected to the Internet. This will restart your
device, so be sure to save files you may have open.
B) Manage your virus & threat protection settings
Use Virus & threat protection settings when you want to customize your level of protection, send sample files
to Microsoft, exclude trusted files and folders from repeated scanning, or temporarily turn off your protection.
Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 28
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Manage your real-time protection, you can use the Real-time protection setting to turn it off temporarily.
C) Get access to cloud-delivered protection
Provide your device with access to the latest threat definitions and threat behavior detection in the cloud. This
setting allows Microsoft Defender to get constantly updated from Microsoft while you're connected to the
internet.
D) Send us files with automatic sample submission
You can have Defender automatically send suspicious files to Microsoft to check them for potential threats.
Microsoft will notify you if you need any additional support
E) Tamper Protection defends your security settings
Microsoft Defender Antivirus settings can occasionally get changed by malicious, or careless, apps or
processes; or sometimes by unaware people. With Tamper Protection turned on, important settings like real-
time protection, can't be easily or accidentally turned off.
F) Protect files from unauthorized access
When you turn on Controlled folder access, a lot of the folders you use most often will be protected by default.
This means that content in any of these folders cannot be accessed or changed by any unknown or untrusted
apps. If you add additional folders, they become protected as well.
G) Exclude items from virus scans
There may be times when you’ll want to exclude specific files, folders, file types, or processes from being
scanned, such as if these are trusted items and you are certain you don’t need to take time to scan them. In
those rare instances you can add an exclusion for them.
H) Curate your notifications
Windows Security will send notifications about the health and safety of your device. You can turn these
notifications on, or off, on the notifications page.
I) Protect your device with the latest updates
Security intelligence (sometimes referred to as "definitions") are files that contain information about the latest
threats that could infect your device. Windows Security uses security intelligence every time a scan is run.
Microsoft automatically downloads the latest intelligence to your device as part of Windows Update, You can
also manually check for it. On the Virus & threat protection page, under Virus & threat protection updates,
select Check for updates to scan for the latest security intelligence.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 30
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 31
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 32
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -7
OBJECTIVE: - Creating Disk Partition
HARDWARE REQUIRED: -PC with Windows,
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -No software required
Theory: - Steps to Create Partition on Windows XP

Step 1: Right-click on the computer and choose "Manage".

Step 2: Management will appear, click on "Disk Management". Here, you will see all drive partitions that are
available.

Step 3: Right-click on the unallocated partition and click on "New Partition".

Step 4: New partition wizard will appear; you have to click on "Next" button. Hit on "Next" button again.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Step 5: Now, enter the partition size between the maximum and minimum disk space shown in the wizard. Click
ok “Next” button.

Step 6: Assign the drive letter to the new partition and hit on "Next" again.

Step 7: Choose the file system and tick Perform a quick format checkbox. Click on the “Next” button to start
formatting process.

Step 8: Click on "Finish" to start using new partition.

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 34
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 35
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 36
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -8
OBJECTIVE: - Control of Services in Windows
HARDWARE REQUIRED: -PC with Windows,
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -No software required
Theory: -Computer Management is a collection of Windows administrative tools that you can use to
manage a local or remote computer. The tools are organized into a single console, which makes it easy
to view administrative properties and to gain access to the tools that are necessary to perform your
computer management tasks.
The Computer Management Console
The Computer Management console consists of a window divided into two panes. The left pane
contains the console tree; the right pane contains details. When you click an item in the console tree,
information about that item is displayed in the details pane. The information that is displayed is specific
to the item that you select. The administrative tools in Computer Management are grouped into the
following three categories in the console tree:
▪ System Tools
▪ Storage
▪ Services and Applications
Each category includes several tools or services.
System Tools
▪ Event Viewer: Use the Event Viewer tool to manage and view events that are recorded in the
Application, Security, and System logs. You can monitor the logs to track possible software,
hardware, and system problems.
▪ Shared Folders: Use the Shared Folders tool to view connections and resource in use on the
computer. You can create, view, and manage shares, view open files and sessions, and close
files and disconnect sessions.
▪ Local Users and Groups: Use the Local Users and Groups tool to create and manage your
local user accounts and groups. Local Users and Groups is available only in Windows XP
Professional.
▪ Performance Logs and Alerts: Use the Performance Logs and Alerts tool to configure
performance logs and alerts to monitor and collect data about your computer's performance.
▪ Device Manager: Use Device Manager to view the hardware devices installed in your computer,

update device drivers, modify hardware settings, and troubleshoot device conflicts.
Storage
▪ Removable Storage: Use the Removable Storage tool to track your removable storage media
and manage the libraries, or data-storage systems, that contain them.
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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
▪ Disk Defragmenter: Use the Disk Defragmenter tool to analyze and defragment volumes on
your hard disks.
▪ Disk Management: Use the Disk Management tool to perform disk-related tasks such as
converting disks or creating and formatting volumes. Disk Management helps you manage
your hard disks, and the partitions or volumes that they contain.
Services and Applications
▪ Services: Use Services to manage services on local and remote computers. You can start, stop,
pause, resume, or disable a service.
▪ WMI Control: Use WMI Control to configure and manage the Windows Management
Instrumentation (WMI) service.
▪ Indexing Service: Use Indexing Service to manage the Indexing service, and to create and
configure additional catalogs to store index information.
To start and use Computer Management on the local computer:
1. Click Start, and then click Control Panel. Click Performance and Maintenance, click
Administrative Tools, and then double-click Computer Management. The Computer
Management window for the local computer is displayed. "Computer Management (Local)" is
displayed at the root of the console tree.
2. In the console tree, expand System Tools, Storage, or Services and Applications to view the
tools and services in each of these containers.
3. Click the item that you want (for example, Event Viewer) to use the tool, and then view the
information that is associated with it.
Use of Task Manager: Task Manager is an extremely useful tool, but is strangely omitted from the
Start menu. In its simplest form, it displays all running applications, allowing you to close any that
have crashed or stopped responding.
To Open Task Manager
❖ Ctrl-Alt-Del → Task Manager
❖ Right-click on empty portion of Taskbar → Task Manager
❖ Command Prompt → taskmgr
❖ keyboard shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+ESC
Applications of Task Manager
Shows all foreground applications as well as the status of each
one. The Status can be “Running” or “Not responding.” You can
switch to any running application by double-clicking it, which makes it similar to the Taskbar in this
respect. Click New Task or go to File → New Task (Run) to start a new program (which has the same
effect as going to Start → Run). Select any item and click End Task to close the program.
Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 38
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 39
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 40
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -9

OBJECTIVE: - To study the Installation of Operating System

HARDWARE REQUIRED: -Assembled Personal Computer,
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -Windows OS
Theory: - Quick Steps
1. Get a Windows XP CD, DVD, or ISO image and product key.
2. Set your PC to boot from removable media.
3. Boot from the Windows XP media and press Enter.
4. Create a partition and format it as NTFS.
5. Enter your product key when prompted.
6. Complete the setup process.
7. Activate your Windows XP product key.
1. Prepare Your System
• Back Up Data and Check System Requirements: Confirm that your hardware meets the
minimum system requirements for Windows XP. These are typically:
o Processor: 300 MHz or faster
o RAM: 128 MB or more
o Hard Drive: 1.5 GB or more of free space
o CD-ROM Drive
2. Create Installation Media:
• Obtain a Windows XP Installation CD: You need a genuine Windows XP installation CD.
Ensure it is a legitimate copy.
• Create Bootable Media: If you’re using a CD or DVD, ensure it’s bootable. If you’re using a
USB drive, you’ll need to create a bootable USB with the Windows XP installation files.
3. Boot from Installation Media
• Insert the Installation CD or Connect the USB Drive: Put the CD in the drive or connect the
bootable USB drive to the computer.
• Access BIOS/UEFI Settings: Restart the computer and enter BIOS/UEFI settings (usually by
pressing Delete, F2, F12, or Esc during startup).
• Change Boot Order: Set the boot order so that the computer boots from the drive first.
4. Start the Installation Process
• Restart the Computer: save the changes and restart the computer.
• Boot from the Installation Media: The system should now boot from the drive, and you’ll see
the Windows XP setup screen.

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
5. Follow the Installation Wizard
• Choose Setup Options:
o Select “Install Windows XP” from the menu.
• Accept the License Agreement: Read and accept the license agreement to proceed.
• Select Installation Type: Choose either, Upgrade or Fresh Installation
• Select Installation Partition: Choose the partition where you want to install Windows XP.
You can create, delete, or format partitions as needed.
• Format the Partition: If you’re performing a clean installation, you’ll need to format the
partition. Choose between NTFS or FAT32 (NTFS is recommended for better performance
and security).
6. Complete the Installation
• Copy Files: Windows XP will copy the necessary files to your hard drive. This process may
take some time.
• Reboot: The computer will restart several times during the installation process. Follow the
on-screen instructions.
• Configure Settings: After rebooting, you’ll be prompted to configure various settings:
o Regional and Language Options: Set your preferences.
o Product Key: Enter your Windows XP product key.
o Computer Name: Provide a name for your computer.
o Administrator Password: Set a password for the Administrator account.
7. Install Drivers and Updates
• Install Drivers: After installation, you’ll need to install drivers for your hardware components
(graphics card, network adapter, etc.).
• Install Windows Updates: Windows XP support ended in 2014, so official updates are no
longer available.
8. Perform Final Checks
• Verify Functionality: Ensure all hardware components and peripherals are working correctly.
• Update Security Measures: Since Windows XP is outdated and no longer supported, consider
using additional security measures to protect your system.

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 42
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 43
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 44
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -10
OBJECTIVE: - Creation of User Groups and Administrator
HARDWARE REQUIRED: - Personal Computer with Windows OS,
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -Windows OS
Creating user groups and managing user accounts, including administrators, in Windows XP involves
using the built-in user management tools. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you with these tasks:
1. Access User Accounts and Groups Management
Method 1: Using Control Panel
1. Open Control Panel:
o Click on the Start menu.
o Select Control Panel.
2. Open User Accounts:
o In the Control Panel window, double-click User Accounts.
Method 2: Using Computer Management
1. Open Computer Management:
o Right-click on My Computer on the desktop or in the Start menu.
o Select Manage.
o In the Computer Management window, navigate to Local Users and Groups.
2. Open Users or Groups:
o Click on Users or Groups under Local Users and Groups to view existing
accounts and groups.
2. Create a New User Account
1. Open the User Accounts Section:
o If using Control Panel, click on Manage Another Account and Click Create a
New Account.
2. Name the Account:
o Enter a name for the new user account.
3. Select Account Type:
o Choose Computer Administrator if you want the user to have administrative
privileges, or select Limited for standard user access.
4. Create the Account:
o Click Create Account.
3. Create a New User Group
1. Open the Groups Section:
o In Computer Management, click on Groups under Local Users and Groups.
Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 45
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
2. Create a New Group:
o Right-click on Groups and select New Group.
3. Name the Group:
o Enter a name for the new group.
4. Add Group Description (Optional):
o You can provide a description for the group if desired.
5. Add Members:
o Click Add to include users in this group. Select the users you want to add and
click Add again.
6. Create the Group:
o Click Create to finalize the new group creation.
4. Modify User Account Properties
1. Open User Properties:
o In the Users section of Computer Management, right-click on the user account
you want to modify and select Properties.
2. Change User Details:
o You can change the user’s full name, password, or group memberships here.
3. Adjust Group Memberships:
o Go to the Member Of tab to view and modify the groups the user belongs to.
4. Apply Changes:
o Click Apply and then OK to save your changes.
5. Modify User Group Properties
1. Open Group Properties:
o In the Groups section of Computer Management, right-click on the group you
want to modify and select Properties.
2. Change Group Members:
o Go to the Members tab to view and add or remove members from the group.
o Apply Changes: Click Apply and then OK to save your changes.
6. Set User Privileges
1. Adjust User Privileges:
o For users with administrative privileges, ensure that the user is part of the
Administrators group.
2. Add/Remove from Administrators Group:
o In the Groups section, you can add or remove users from the Administrators
group to grant or revoke administrative privileges.
Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 46
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 47
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 48
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
EXPERIMENT NO: -11
OBJECTIVE: - Creating a Network System and Sharing System
HARDWARE REQUIRED: - Personal Computer with Windows OS,
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: -Windows OS
Theory: - to Create perfect Network System you need 2 main parts to complete, they are Setting Up
the Network on a Computer and Configure Network Identification
Prepare Your Network Hardware and Ensure Hardware Connections: Connect your computers and
other network devices (like routers or switches) using Ethernet cables.
A. Setting Up the Network on a Computer
1. Open Network Connections:
o Click Start, then go to Control Panel.
o Select Network and Internet Connections.
o Click Network Connections.
2. Configure Network Connection:
o Right-click on the network connection you want to configure and select Properties.
3. Set IP Address:
o For Wired Networks:
▪ Double-click on Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and select Use the following IP
address. Enter the IP address, Subnet mask, and Default gateway. For example:
▪ IP Address: 192.168.1.2
▪ Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
▪ Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1 (this is typically the router’s IP address)
▪ Enter the DNS server addresses if required.
4. Apply Settings:
o Click OK to close the properties window and then Close to exit the Network Connections
window.
B. Configure Network Identification
1. Open System Properties:
o Right-click My Computer on the desktop or in the Start menu and select Properties.
2. Go to Computer Name Tab:
o In the System Properties window, click on the Computer Name tab.
3. Change Computer Name and Workgroup:
o Click Change to set a unique computer name and ensure that all computers are in the same
Workgroup (e.g., WORKGROUP). Click OK to apply changes.
4. Restart the Computer: You will need to restart your computer for the changes to take effect.
Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 49
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
C. Share Resources and Sharing Folders
1. Open My Computer:
o Navigate to the folder you want to share.
2. Share the Folder:
o Right-click the folder and select Sharing and Security.
o Select Share this folder and provide a share name.
o Configure permissions as needed to control access.
3. Apply and Close:
o Click OK to share the folder.
D. Verify Network Connectivity
1. Test Network Communication:
o Use the ping command to check connectivity between computers. Open Command Prompt
(Start > Run > type cmd and press Enter).
o Type ping [IP address] (replace [IP address] with the IP of another computer in the network)
and press Enter.
o You should receive replies if the computers are correctly connected.
2. Check Shared Resources:
o Open My Network Places (found in Control Panel or Start menu) and look for shared
resources like folders and printers. You should see the resources shared by other computers.
E. Troubleshoot Network Issues
1. Check Connections:
o Ensure all cables and hardware are properly connected.
2. Verify IP Configuration:
o Confirm that IP addresses and network settings are correctly configured.
3. Check Firewalls:
o Ensure that firewalls are not blocking network traffic. You may need to adjust firewall
settings to allow network communication.
4. Use Network Diagnostics:
o Windows XP has a built-in network troubleshooter. Access it via Control Panel > Network
and Internet Connections > Network Connections, then select Repair on the relevant
connection

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 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet
Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 51
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Students Working Sheet

Experiment Number:……………………..

Student Signature: Staff Signature:

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 52
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
Practical exam viva (oral exam) questions related to computer hardware, maintenance,
and administration.
These questions cover basic concepts and practical scenarios to test understanding in these areas.
Computer Hardware
1. What are the main components of a computer system?
Answer: The main components include the motherboard, CPU (Central Processing Unit), RAM (Random
Access Memory), hard drive (or SSD), power supply, graphics card, and input/output devices (such as
keyboard, mouse, and monitor).
2. How do you check if a computer’s hardware components are properly connected?
Answer: You can visually inspect the connections inside the computer case, ensuring that all cables are
securely plugged in and that components like the RAM, CPU, and GPU are firmly seated in their respective
slots. Additionally, you can use diagnostic tools or BIOS/UEFI settings to check hardware status.
3. Describe the process of replacing a hard drive in a desktop computer.
Answer: To replace a hard drive, turn off and unplug the computer. Open the computer case, disconnect the
cables from the old hard drive, remove any screws or brackets holding it in place, and then take out the old
drive. Install the new hard drive by securing it in the same position, reconnecting the cables, and closing the
case. Ensure to format and partition the new drive if necessary.
4. What is the purpose of thermal paste in a computer?
Answer: Thermal paste is used to improve heat transfer between the CPU and its heatsink. It helps to fill
microscopic gaps and imperfections on the surfaces, ensuring that heat generated by the CPU is efficiently
dissipated, preventing overheating.
Computer Maintenance
1. How often should you clean the inside of a computer case, and why?
Answer: It is generally recommended to clean the inside of a computer case every 3 to 6 months. Dust and
debris can accumulate and block airflow, causing the system to overheat and potentially leading to hardware
damage.
2. What are the signs that a computer might be overheating?
Answer: Signs of overheating include frequent system crashes or shutdowns, unusually loud fan noise, slow
performance, and erratic behavior. You might also notice high temperatures reported by monitoring software.
3. Describe the steps to perform a routine software update.
Answer: To perform a routine software update, ensure you have an active internet connection. For operating
system updates, go to the system’s update settings (e.g., Windows Update for Windows). Check for available
updates, download them, and install them following the prompts. For applications, open the application, go to
the update section, and follow the instructions to update.

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 53
 Vidya Vikas Educational Trust (R),
Vidya Vikas Polytechnic
27-128, Mysore - Bannur Road, Alanahally, Alanahally Post, Mysuru, Karnataka 570028
4. How can you check the health of a hard drive?
Answer: You can use built-in tools like Windows’ Check Disk (chkdsk) or third-party utilities such as
CrystalDiskInfo. These tools can scan for bad sectors, file system errors, and overall drive health.

Computer Administration
1. What is the role of an administrator in a networked environment?
Answer: An administrator manages and maintains network resources, user accounts, security settings, and
software installations. They ensure network stability, manage access permissions, and troubleshoot issues.
2. How do you create a new user account in Windows XP?
Answer: Go to Control Panel > User Accounts. Click Create a new account, enter the account name,
choose the account type (Administrator or Limited), and click Create Account.
3. What steps would you take to back up important data on a computer?
Answer: Identify the data you want to back up, choose a backup method (such as an external hard drive, cloud
storage, or backup software), and follow the instructions to copy the data. Ensure to create regular backups
and verify the integrity of the backup files.
4. How can you secure a computer system from unauthorized access?
Answer: Secure a computer by setting strong passwords, enabling user account controls, installing and
updating antivirus software, configuring firewalls, and applying regular security patches. Additionally, use
encryption and ensure physical security of the hardware.

General Tips for answering Examination Viva:

• Be Clear and Concise: Provide answers that are straightforward and to the point.
• Use Examples: When applicable, illustrate your answers with practical examples or scenarios.
• Show Practical Knowledge: Demonstrate your ability to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world
situations.

Prepared by: Mr. Thanmay J.S, H.O.D Mechanical Engineering VVETP, Mysore Page | 54