HEART DIS EASE USING RANDOM FOREST V.NAGA RUSHITHA - 2021BCSE07AED061 T.ANJUM JAVERIYA - 2021BCSE07AED132 K.MOUNI VARSHINI - 2021BCSE07AED062 ABSTRACT: This study presents a comprehensive machine learning approach to predict heart disease based on a dataset encompassing diverse health metrics. The predictive models explored include logistic regression and a random forest classifier. By leveraging these algorithms, the study aims to develop a robust and accurate prediction system for identifying the presence of heart disease. Through meticulous evaluation and visualization techniques, the performance of cach model is thoroughly assessed, providing valuable insights into their efficacy in clinical application. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to devise a predictive model capable of accurately diagnosing heart disease utilizing a combination of health metrics. The study seeks to address the following specific objectives: > Implement logistic regression and a random forest classifier to predict the presence of heart disease. > Evaluate the performance of each model using a range of metrics, including accuracy score, precision, recall, Fl-score, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). > Visualize the confusion matrix to gain deeper insights into the models’ classification abilities and identify potential areas for improvement. > Compare the performance of logistic regression and the random forest classifier to determine the most effective algorithm for heart disease prediction.METHODOLOGY: Data Preprocessing: © Loading the Dataset: The dataset containing health metrics and a target variable indicating the presence of heart disease is loaded into memory. This dataset typically includes attributes such as age, sex, cholesterol levels, blood pressure, etc. © Splitting the Data: Once loaded, the dataset is split into two components: features and target variable. Features are the independent variables used to predict the target variable, while the target variable represents the outcome we want to predict (presence or absence of heart disease). © Training-Testing Split: The dataset is further divided into training and testing sets. The training set is used to train the machine learning models, while the testing set is used to evaluate the performance of the trained models. Common practice involves using 80% of the data for training and 20% for testing. © Feature Scaling: To ensure that all features contribute equally to the model fitting process, feature scaling is applied. In this code, standardization is used, which involves scaling the features such that they have a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. This step prevents certain features from dominating the model training process due to their larger scales. Model Training: © Logistic Regression: One of the classification algorithms used in this study is logistic regression. Logistic regression is a linear model used for binary classification tasks, making it suitable for predicting the presence or absence of heart disease. © Random Forest Classifier: Another classification algorithm employed is the random forest classifier. Random forest is an ensemble learning method that builds multiple decision trees and combines their predictions to improve accuracy and reduce overfitting. It is well- suited for classification tasks with complex decision boundaries, making it an appropriate choice for predicting heart disease based on multiple health metrics.© Training Process: After selecting the algorithms, the models are trained on the training data using the fit method provided by the scikit-learn library. During training, the models learn the relationships between the input features and the target variable, optimizing their parameters to minimize prediction errors. Model Evaluation: © Accuracy Metrics: To assess the performance of the trained models, several accuracy metrics are computed, including accuracy score, confusion matrix, and classification report. © Accuracy Score: The accuracy score measures the proportion of correctly classified instances in the testing set, providing an overall assessment of the model's predictive accuracy. © Confusion Matrix: The confusion matrix is a tabular representation that summarizes the performance of a classification model. It shows the number of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative predictions, allowing for a detailed analysis of the model's ability to correctly classify instances, © Classification Report: The classification report provides a breakdown of precision, recall, F1-score, and support for each class in the target variable. It gives insights into the model's performance on a class-by- class basis, particularly useful in imbalanced datasets. © Visualization: To enhance interpretability, the confusion matrix is visualized using a heatmap generated with the seaborn library. The heatmap provides a graphical representation of the confusion matrix, making it easier to identify patterns and areas of improvement in the model's performance.CODE:CONCLUSION In conclusion, both logistic regression and the random forest classifier exhibit promising performance in predicting the presence of heart disease based on the provided health metrics. However, the random. forest classifier demonstrates superior accuracy and robustness compared to logistic regression, as evidenced by higher scores across multiple evaluation metrics. The visualization of the confusion matrix offers valuable insights into the models’ classification abilities, highlighting areas of strengths and weaknesses. This study underscores the significance of leveraging machine learning techniques for early detection and diagnosis of heart disease, thereby facilitating timely interventions and improved patient outcomes. Moving forward, further research endeavors could explore the integration of advanced feature engineering techniques and ensemble learning methods to enhance the predictive accuracy and generalizability of heart disease prediction models in clinical practice.