SISTER NIVEDITA GOVERNMENT NURSING COLLEGE

IGMC, SHIMLA

SUBJECT: OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGICAL NURSING

PRESENTATION ON: INFORMATION, EDUCATION AND

COMMUNICATION

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Mrs. Prema Negi Archita Sharma

Lecturer MSc. (N) 1st Year

Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing SNGNC, IGMC

SNGNC, IGMC Shimla

Shimla

SUBMITTED ON:
 INDEX
SR. NO. CONTENT REMARKS
1. Introduction
2. Definition
3. Concept of IEC
4. Aims and Scopes of IEC
5. Strategy of IEC
6. Health information.
7. Health Education.
8. Communication
9. Role of Nurse in IEC
10. Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
We all communicate all the time; there is not a single moment when we are not
communicating. Communication plays a vital role in our day-to-day life. Communication has
been central to all the progress that human beings have made. As a matter of fact, no
organised social life and progress would have been possible in the absence of
communication.

An important purpose of communicating with people is to enable the members of the

community to understand their problems and take appropriate action to solve them
collectively. This process of informing, educating and communicating with the people
empowers them to take decisions and actions leading to their progress and development.

Information, education and communication are interrelated to each other. IEC strategies
involve planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

What is Information?

It is defined as one or more statements or facts that are received by a human which have some
form of worth to him.

What is Education?

It is a learning process or a series of learning experiences through which an individual

informs and orient himself to develop skills and intelligent actions.

What is Communication?

Communication is process by which two or more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings, or
impressions in way that each gains a common understanding of meaning, intent and use of
message.

DEFINITION
Information, Education and Communication (IEC) is an approach which attempts to change
or reinforce a set of behaviour in a target audience, regarding a specific problem in a
predefined period of time

- Reproductive health and research,

WHO
CONCEPT OF IEC
 Information, education and communication are interrelated.
 Education is obtained through information and communication; while education is a
great source of information, on other hand communication is a link for education and
information.
 So, the application of IEC, all steps that is planning implementation monitoring and
evaluation should be used with care.
 The ultimate aim of IEC is behavior change and promotion of health status can be
achieved.
 Target audience should be given due importance during IEC process.

AIMS AND SCOPES OF IEC

 The main aims of IEC are:
1. To change the health behavior of individual, family and community.
2. To prepare background or basis for change in health behavior.
3. To change the norms of community.
4. To facilitate education for audience about public health and to create awareness in
public opinion.
5. To obtain or garner social, political support for health activities.
 The important scopes in IEC in relation to health are as follows:
1. Primary health care.
2. Prevention of disease/control on communicable disease.
3. Reproductive health/maternal and child health services.
4. Family welfare.
5. Nutritional services.
6. Personal Hygiene.

STRATEGY: Planning, Implementing, Monitoring and Evaluating

 Monitoring &
Planning Implementing Evaluation

Planning:

 Make a comprehensive strategy.

 This means clear objectives, client centered designing, conducting appropriate
research, undertaking audience segmentation, carefully crafting and testing messages,
knowing and selecting appropriate channels and planning for monitoring and
evaluation.
 Give emphasis on long term capacity building.
 Plan sufficient time, to foster changes in social and behavioral norms. (Keep in mind
changing behavior is not an easy or quick task).
 Link the IEC program with healthcare service delivery programs.
 Plan for any type of reward if people learn new behavior in a best manner.

Implementing:

 Take support of community leaders. The use of opinion leaders and decision makers
can enhance the success of an IEC project.
 Involve the target audience actively in the design implementation and monitoring of
project. Listen to local language customs and experiences.
 Established linkage with traditional healers, local NGOS and local support groups.
Actively involve them and share their information.
 The interaction between healthcare providers at all levels and client (people) is an
important element for successful IEC intervention.
 Logos and symbols should be pretested before launching.
 These should be according to the need and understanding of the audiences. Use of
logos and symbols in advocacy campaigns has been proved successful.
 Only meaningful messages should be used and they should reach to relevant segments
of target population.

Monitoring and evaluation:

  As a part of management information system (MIS) documentation of IEC program
inputs and experiences is important for knowing the success and failure.
 Evaluation of IEC campaign should be considered from the very beginning, when
projects are being planned and not just after they are under way or completed.
Although evaluation of IEC efforts is a complex task.
 Inexpensive methods like observation can be used for monitoring the campaign.

HEALTH INFORMATION
 Health information is an integral part of the national health system. It is a basic tool of
management and a key input for the progress of any society.
 A health information system is defined as: “ a mechanism for the collection,
processing, analysis and transmission of information required for organizing and
operating health services, and also for research and training.”

Components of a health information system

 The health information system is composed several related subsystems:

1. Demography and vital events.
2. Environmental health statistics.
3. Health status: mortality, morbidity, disability, quality of life.
4. Health resources: facilities, beds, manpower. Utilization and non-utilization of
health services, attendance, admissions, waiting lists.
5. Indices of outcome of medical care.
6. Financial statistics (cost, expenditure) related to the particular objective.

Uses of health information

 To measure the health status of the people and to qualify their health problems and
medical and health care needs.
 For local, national and international comparisons of health status. For such
comparisons the data need to be subjected to rigorous standardization and quality
control.
 For planning, administration and effective management of health services and
programmers.
 For assessing whether health services are accomplishing their objectives in terms of
their effectiveness and efficiency.
  For assessing the attitudes and degree of satisfaction of beneficiaries with the health
system.
 For research into particular problems of health and disease.

HEALTH EDUCATION

 Health education is the translation of what is known about, into desirable individual
and community behavior patterns by means of an educational process.

Aims and Objectives

 The definition adopted by WHO in 1969 and the Alma-Ata Declaration adopted in
1978 provide a useful basis for education, which may be stated as below:
1. To encourage people to adopt and sustain health promoting lifestyle and practices.
2. To promote the proper use of health services available to them.
3. To arouse interest, provide new knowledge, improve skills and change attitudes in
making rational decisions to solve their own problems.
4. To stimulate individual and community self-reliance and participation to achieve
health development through individual and community involvement at every step
from identifying problems to solving them.

Approaches to Health Education

 Regulatory approach.
 Service approach.
 Health education approach.
 Primary health care approach.

Principles of Health Education:

 Credibility.
 Interest.
 Participation.
 Motivation.
 Comprehension.
 Motivation.
 Reinforcement.
 Learning by doing.
 Known to unknown.
  Setting an example.
 Leaders.

Methods of Health Education

 Individual approach- include personal contact, home visits, and counseling.

 Group approach- Lecture, group discussion, demonstration, role play, panel

8discussion, symposium, conferences and seminars.
 Mass approach- T.V. Radio, Internet, Newspaper, Printed materials, Direct mailing,
Poster, Health exhibitions and Museums and Folk media.

COMMUNICATION
 Communication can be regarded as a two-way process of exchanging or shaping
ideas, feelings and information. Broadly it refers “to the countless ways that humans
have of keeping in touch with one another.”
 Communication is more than mere exchange of information.
 It is a process necessary to pave way for desired changes in human behaviour, and
informed individual and community participation to achieve predetermined goals.

Communication process

 Communication which is the basis of human interaction is a complex process. As the

following main components:
1. Sender.
2. Receiver.
3. Message.
4. Channel.
5. Feedback.
Types of Communication

 One-way communication.
 Two-way communication.
 Verbal communication.
 Nonverbal communication.
 Formal and informal communication.
 Visual communication.
 Telecommunication.

Barriers of communication

1. Physiological- Difficulties in hearing, expression.

2. Psychological- Emotional disturbances, neurosis, levels of intelligence, language or
comprehension difficulties.
3. Environment- Noise, invisibility, congestion.
4. Cultural- Illiteracy, levels of knowledge and understanding, customs, beliefs,
religion, attitudes, economic and social class differences, language variations, cultural
difficulties between foreigners and nationals, between urban education and the rural
population.
ROLE OF NURSE IN IEC
 Establish good working IPR, trust and support with the user.
 Undertake need assessment.
 Plan effective interventions.
 Ensure good quality services are provide and the user are satisfied.
 Maintain confidentially.
 Develop IEC material.
 Conduct IEC activity.
 Evaluation of IEC activity.
 Mobilization of resources.
 Identification of barriers.
 Do referrals.
 Follow-up services.
CONCLUSION
Information, education and communication (IEC) combines strategies, approaches and
methods that enable individuals, families, groups, organisations and communities to play
active roles in achieving, protecting and sustaining their own health. Identifying and
promoting specific behaviours that are desirable are usually the objectives of IEC efforts.
Channels might include interpersonal communication (such as individual discussions,
counselling sessions or group discussions and community meetings and events) or mass
media communication (such as radio, television and other forms of one-way communication,
such as brochures, leaflets and posters, visual and audio-visual presentations and some forms
of electronic communication).
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 https://www.comminit.com/global/content/information-education-and-
communication-iec
 https://www.scribd.com/presentation/495627086/IEC-Information-Education-and-
Communication-wecompress-com
 https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/information-education-and-communicationpdf/
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