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ATOMIC STRUCTURE
I.
I.MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. The probability density plots of 1s and 2s orbitals are given in Fig. 2.1:
1s 2s
The density of dots in a region represents the probability density of finding electrons in
the region. On the basis of the above diagram, which of the following statements is
incorrect?
(a) 1s and 2s orbitals are spherical in shape.
(b) The probability of finding the electron is maximum near the nucleus.
(c) The probability of finding the electron at a given distance is equal in all
directions.
(d) The probability density of electrons for 2s orbital decreases uniformly as
distance from the nucleus increases.
2. Which of the following statements about the electron is incorrect?
(a) It is a negatively charged particle.
(b) The mass of an electron is equal to the mass of a neutron.
(c) It is a basic constituent of all atoms.
(d) It is a constituent of cathode rays.
3. The number of radial nodes for 3p orbital is __________.
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) 1 Page 1
4. Which of the following is responsible to rule out the existence of definite paths or trajectories
of electrons?
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(a) Pauli’s exclusion principle.
(b) Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.
(c) Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity.
(d) Aufbau principle.
5. Total number of orbitals associated with the third shell will be __________.
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 9
(d) 3
6. The pair of ions having the same electronic configuration is __________.
(a) Cr3+, Fe3+
(b) Fe3+, Mn2+
(c) Fe3+, Co3+
(d) Sc3+, Cr3+
7. Identify the pairs which are not of isotopes?
(a) 126 X ,136Y
(b)17 X35,17Y 37
(c) 1X1 ,1Y3
(d)4 X8 ,5Y 8
8. Which of the following set of quantumnumbers is correct for an electron in 4f orbital?
(a) n = 4, l = 4, ml = –4, ms= − 12
(b)n = 4, l = 2, ml = –1, ms= − 12
(c) n = 4, l = 3, ml = 1, ms= +12
(d) (a) n = 3, l = 2, ml = +2, ms= − 12
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9. In which of the following pairs, the ions are iso-electronic?
(A) Na+, Mg2+
3
(B) Al3+, O–
(C) Ca2+, O2–
(D) N3–, Cl–
10. Which of the following statements concerning the quantum numbers are correct?
(A) Angular quantum number determines the three dimensional shape of the orbital.
(B) The principal quantum number determines the orientation and energy of the
orbital.
(C) Magnetic quantum number determines the size of the orbital.
(D) Spin quantum number of an electron determines the orientation of the spin of
electron relative to the chosen axis.
11. The wavelength associated with a golf ball weighing 200 g and moving at a speed of 5 m/h is of
the order
(a) 10-10 m
(b) 10-20 m
(c) 10-30 m
(d) 10-40 m
12. The electronic configuration of Cu2+ ion is
(a) [Ar] 4s1 3d8
(b) [Ar] 4s² 3d10 4p1
(c) [Ar] 4s1 3d10
(d) [Ar] 3d9
13. The quantum numbers + 1/2 and – 1/2 for the electron spin represent
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(a) rotation of the electron in clockwise and anticlockwise direction respectively
(b) rotation of the electron in anticlockwise and clockwise direction respectively
(c) magnetic moment of the electron pointing up and down respectively
(d) two quantum mechanical spin states which have no classified analogue
14. Which of the following element outermost orbit’s last electron has magnetic quantum number
m=0 ?
(a) N
(b) O
(c)Na
(d) Cl
15. Magnetic quantum number specifies
(a) orbital size
(b) orbital shape
(c) orbital orientation
(d) nuclear stability
16. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers belong to highest energy?
(a) n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = + ½
(b) n = 3, l = 0, m = 0, s = + ½
(c) n = 2, l = 1, m = 1, s = + 1/2
(d) n = 3, l = 2, m = 1, s = + ½
17. Ground state electronic configuration of nitrogen is represented asPage 4
18. The orbital diagram in which Aufbau principle is violated is
19. How many orbitals can have the following set of quantum numbers, n = 3, l = 1, m = 0 ?
(a) 3
(b) 1
(c) 4
(d) 2
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20. A 0.66 kg ball is moving with a speed of 100 m/s. Find its wavelength
(a) 6.6 × 10-34 m
(b) 6.6 × 10-32 m
(c) 1.0 × 10-32 m
(d) 1.0 × 10-35 m
21. The atomic orbitals are progressively filled in order of increasing energy.
This principle is called
(a) Hund’s rule
(b) Aufbau principle
(c) Exclusion principle
(d) De Broglie rule
22.The maximum number of electrons in a sub shell is given by the expression
(a)4l-2
(b)2n2
(c)2l+1
(d)4l+2 Page 5
23.The maximum number of electrons with clockwise spin that can be accommodated in a f-sub-shell
(a) 14
(b) 7
(c) 5
(d)10
24.An electron has spin quantum number, m8 = + 1 /2 andmagnetic quantum number, m1 = + 1.It
cannot be present in
(a) s -orbital
(b) p – orbital
(c) d – orbital
(d) f – orbital
25.According to Aufbau principle, the 19th electron in an atom goes into the
(a)3p-orbital
(b) 3d-orbital
(c) 4p-orbital
(d) 4s-orbital
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26. The electrons,identified by quantum numbers n and l,(i) n=4,l=1 (ii)n=4,l=0 (iii)n=3,l=2
(iv)n=3,l=1 can be placed in order of increasing energy, from the lowest to highest,as
(a) (iv)<(ii)<(iii)<(i)
(b) (ii)<(iv)<(i)<(iii)
(c) (i)<(iii)<(ii)<(iv)
(d) (iii)<(i)<(iv)<(ii)
27. How many electrons in argon have m = 0 ?
(a) 6
(b) 8
(c) 10
(d) 12
28.The number of radial nodes in 3s and 2p respectively are:
(a) 2 and 0
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 0 and 2
(d) 2 and 1
29.Given: The mass of electron is 9.11 × 1031 kg; Planck constant is 6.626 × 10-34Js, the uncertainty
involved in the measurement of velocity within a distance of 0.1 Ao is
(a)5.79 × 105 m s -1
(b) 5.79 × 107 m s -1
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(c) 5.79 × 106 m s-1
(d) 5.79 × 108 m s-1
30.Which of the following orbitals has (have) one spherical node
(a) 1s
(b) 2s
(c) 2p
(d) 4p
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III.CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Read the passage below and answer the following questions
I. The atomic number of chromium is 24.It is a hard,silvery metal with a blue tinge.A
chromium atom contains 17% more neutrons than the protons.Its electronic configuration is
[Ar]4s13dbecause of the exceptional stability of half filled configuration in the d sub shell.The
stability is attributed to symmetrical distribution of electrons and exchange energy released
when the electrons of same spin exchange their positions in the degenerate orbitals .It is a
transition element belonging to 3d series.Chromium atom by losing 3 electrons forms Cr3+ ions.
(1) The number of unpaired electrons in Cr3+ ion is
(a) 3
(b) 6
(c) 1
(d) 5
(2).The number of electrons having n = 3 and m1 = 0in chromium atom is
(a) 2
(b) 5
(c) 4
(d) 1
(3). The group number and period of the chromium in the periodic table are respectively
(a) 6 and 3
(b) 5 and 3
(c) 6 and 4
(d) 5 and 4
(4). The chromium atom has its outermost configuration 4s13d5and not 4s23d4because
(a) instability of half filled d orbitals
(b) stability of fully filled d orbitals Page 7
(c) stability of half filled d orbitals
(d) stability of fully filled p orbitals
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(5). The number of occupied sub-shells in Cr3+ ion is
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 6
II.The French physicist, de Broglie in 1924 proposed that matter, like radiation should also
exhiit dual behaviour i.e., both particle and wavelike properties. This means that just as the
photon has momentum as well as wavelength, electrons should also have momentum as well as
wavelength.According to de.Broglie every object in motion has a wave character. The
wavelengths associated with ordinary objects are so short (because of their large masses) that
their wave properties cannot be detected. The wavelengths associated with electrons and other
subatomic particles (with very small mass) can however be detected experimentally.
1.Which of the following represents the mass of a photon with wavelength 3.6A0?
a.6.135 × 10-29 kg
b.6.135 × 10-29 g
c. 6.135 × 10-20 kg
d.6.135 × 10-39 kg
2.Which is the correct expression for de Broglie relation among the following?
a. mv = hλ
b. mv= λ / h
c.mv = h /λ
d.λ v = mh
3. The expression E = hν represents which of the following theory?
a. Heisenberg’s uncertainity principle
b.Bohr Burry rule
c.Hund’s rule
d.Plank’s quantum theory
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4.Heisenberg Uncertainity principle is significant for which of the following object with
masses given as follows
a.1.13 x 10-3 kg
b.9.135 × 10-31 kg
c.6.135 × 103 kg
d.5.135 × 103g
5.The splitting of spectral lines in the presence of magnetic field is called-------
a.Zeemann effect
b.Stark effect
c.photo electric effect
d.black body radiation
II. ASSERTION AND REASONING :-
In the following questions a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of
Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each
question.
● (i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
● (ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
● (iii) A is true but R is false.
● (iv) Both A and R are false
1. Assertion (A) : All isotopes of a given element show the same type of chemical behaviour.
Reason (R) : The chemical properties of an atom are controlled by the number of electrons in
the atom.
2. Assertion (A) : It is impossible to determine the exact position and exact momentum of an
electron simultaneously.
Reason (R) : The path of an electron in an atom is clearly defined.
3. Assertion: 2p orbital has lower energy than 3s orbital .
Reason: For two orbitals having same (n+l) value,the orbital with lower value of n will have
lower energy
4. Assertion: The energy of an electron is largely determined by its principal quantum number.
Reason: The principal quantum number is a measure of the most probable distance of finding
the electrons around the nucleus.
5. Assertion: An orbital cannot have more than two electrons, moreover, if an orbital has two
electrons they must have opposite spins.
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Reason: No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of all the four quantum numbers.
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6. Assertion: The mass number of hydrogen is equal to its atomic number
Reason: H− atom has no neutrons.
7. Assertion A: s-orbital cannot accommodate more than two electrons.
Reason R: s-orbitals are spherical in shape.
8.Asseertion A: In fourth energy level, there is no g-subshell.
Reason R: g-subshell has nine orbitals
9.Assertion A: The maximum value of m for an electron in third energy level is 3
Reason R: The maximum value of l for an electron in third energy level is 2.
10.Assertion A: In a multielectron atom, energy of 4s orbital is less that of 3d
Reason R: An electron is 4s orbital experience greater effective nuclear charge (Z eff)
Than an electron in 3d orbital
ANSWERS FOR MCQ:
1.d 2. b 3. d 4. b 5.c 6.b 7. d 8.c 9.a 10. d
11.c 12. d 13. d 14.c 15.c 16.d 17. a 18.b 19.b 20. d
21.b 22.d 23.b 24.a 25.d 26.a 27.c 28.a 29.c 30.b
ANSWERS FOR CASE BASED QUESTIONS
I.1.a II 1.a
2.b 2.
3.c 3.d
4.c 4.b
5.d 5.a
ANSWERS FOR A&R:-
1.a 2.c 3.a 4.a 5.a
6.a 7.b 8.b 9.d 10.a
