Building Cost Report 2019Q1
Building Cost Report 2019Q1
Building Cost Report 2019Q1
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accepts no liability for the consequences of any decisions or actions taken by any third party on the basis of
information provided in this publication. The views, conclusions or opinions contained in this publication are those of
the BER and do not necessarily reflect those of Stellenbosch University.
i
Executive summary
Building demand remained weak in 2019Q1 while input costs increased in line with
overall inflation. In contrast, tender prices rose year-on-year (y-o-y) by 7.8% in
2019Q1.
The CPAP (Haylett) Index (Work Group 180, lump- Growth in tender prices, as measured by the BER
sum domestic buildings), a reflection of builders’ Building Cost Index, was 6.8% in 2018. BER
input costs, rose by 4% on average in 2018. A rise survey data show that building confidence
of 4.9% is predicted for the full year 2019. deteriorated in 2019Q1. Confidence was lower
despite preliminary figures show that tender prices
The CPAP (Haylett) Index (Work Group 181, rose by 7.8% y-o-y in 2019Q1.
commercial and industrial buildings), increased by
5.2% on average during 2018. This is expected to In all, tender prices are forecast to rise by 5.5%
rise to 5.5% in 2019. on average in 2019, and by 6.7% in 2020.
Annual percentage
2016 2017 2018 2019*
change
CPAP (Haylett) (Work Group 180) 6.4 5.7 4.0 4.9
ii
Contents
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1
In conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 3
Table 1 A: CPAP: Work Group 180 Lump Sum Domestic Buildings .............................................. 4
Table 2: Monthly Forecasts of the BER Building Cost Index: 2017 – 2023 (2005 = 100) ................ 5
Table 4: BER Building Cost Index (2017Q3 – 2019Q1), dissemination of the 22 items ................... 6
iii
Introduction
This report1 focuses on trends in the SA building industry, more specifically, the
profitability of building firms, the input costs and the tender prices of building
contractors as measured by the BER Building Cost Index. This unique index is based
on an analysis of accepted building tender prices. The report ends with a presentation
of the relevant data and forecasts.
Competition in tendering for the available building work remained keen while
almost 80% of builders are experiencing an inadequate demand for building work.
Source: BER
1
This report was written on 26 March 2019. All data was correct at time of writing
2
The first quarter survey(s) was conducted between 28 January and 4 March 2019
1
CPAP (Haylett) Indices rising in line with CPI
According to Statistics South Africa (Stats SA), the average production prices of
construction material rose by an annual rate of 4.3% in January. Average y-o-y
growth in civil construction plant and equipment prices in January was 4.3%.
Looking ahead, the average increase CPAP Work Group 180 for 2019 is expected
to be 4.9%. In the case of Work Group 181, an average increase of 5.5% is
anticipated. Detailed forecasts of these key indices are provided in Tables 1A &
1B on page 5 of this Report.
During the third quarter of 2018, annual growth in tender prices was 6.9%. This
Tender price
rate moderated to 4.8% in the fourth quarter of the year. In all, tender prices
increases
rose by 6.8% in 2018. The preliminary data available for the first quarter of
accelerated
2019 yielded a rise of 7.8 y-o-y.
during 2019Q1
It is well known that the building industry is cyclical. Given these considerations
growth in tender prices is predicted to slow 5.5% in 2019. Detailed forecasts are
provided on page 5.
2
In conclusion
Overall building demand remained weak in 2019Q1. As a result, many building and
construction firms experienced tough competition in tendering. At this point in the
business cycle, prospects remain poor with leading economic indicators still to signal
a recovery. Despite this finding, annual tender price growth accelerated to 7.8% during
2019Q1.
Figure 2: Haylett and BER Building Cost Index comparisson (1975 - 2023)
index
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023
%
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023
3
Table 1 A: CPAP: Work Group 180 Lump Sum Domestic Buildings (Individual inputs in Table 6)
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
MONTH INDEX % INDEX % INDEX % INDEX % INDEX % INDEX %
JANUARY 104.9 4.6 108.2 3.1 114.2 5.6 119.8 4.9 127.8 6.6 134.8 5.6
FEBRUARY 104.9 3.8 109.9 4.7 115.5 5.1 121.4 5.1 129.3 6.5 135.4 4.7
MARCH 105.0 3.7 110.4 5.2 116.1 5.1 122.4 5.4 130.4 6.5 136.1 4.4
APRIL 105.4 3.8 110.9 5.3 116.8 5.3 123.6 5.8 131.6 6.5 136.8 4.0
MAY 105.5 3.0 111.2 5.4 117.1 5.3 124.2 6.0 132.1 6.4 137.4 4.0
JUNE 106.0 3.8 111.7 5.4 117.9 5.5 125.2 6.2 132.7 6.0 138.2 4.1
JULY 107.2 4.9 112.2 4.7 118.3 5.4 125.9 6.4 133.4 5.9 139.0 4.2
AUGUST 106.8 4.0 112.0 4.9 118.1 5.4 125.6 6.4 132.8 5.7 139.1 4.7
SEPTEMBER 107.8 4.3 112.8 4.7 118.8 5.3 126.4 6.3 133.4 5.5 139.7 4.7
OCTOBER 108.7 4.3 114.0 4.9 120.0 5.2 127.9 6.6 134.8 5.5 141.1 4.6
NOVEMBER 109.0 4.0 114.6 5.2 120.5 5.1 128.6 6.7 135.2 5.1 141.7 4.8
DECEMBER 108.6 3.5 114.3 5.2 120.2 5.2 128.3 6.8 134.9 5.1 141.7 5.1
YEAR AVERAGE 106.7 4.0 111.9 4.9 117.8 5.3 124.9 6.1 132.4 5.9 138.4 4.6
4
Table 2: Monthly Forecasts of the BER Building Cost Index: 2018 – 2023 (2005 = 1003)
3To convert from 2005 = 100 to April 1970 = 100, multiply the above figures by 43.793 and by 23.698 to convert to 1975 = 100. When converting to 1990 =
100, multiply by a 3.764 factor. Small rounding-off differences with previously published data could arise.
4
The year averages are those of the actual quarterly BER Building Cost Index (i.e. February, May, August, November) and not of the statistically interpolated
monthly figures. The figures printed in bold font were compiled by the BER during March 2019 and should still be regarded as preliminary. These data exclude
VAT.
5
Table 3: BER Building Cost Index (2005=100) – Historical data5
Month 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
January 154.4 169.0 176.7 196.9 195.7 211.9 226.9 242.4
February 153.3 171.0 179.2 198.2 194.9 213.6 230.8 248.8
March 154.2 169.2 181.7 195.9 198.7 213.2 230.0
First quarter 153.3 171.0 179.2 198.2 194.9 213.6 230.8 248.8
Annual % change 8.9 11.6 4.8 10.6 -1.7 9.6 8.1 7.8
5
The figure for 2014Q1 has been interpolated between 2013Q4 and 2014Q2. The year averages are those of the actual quaterley BER Building Cost Index (i.e. February,
May, August, and November) and not of the statistically interpolated monthly figures. The last four quarters reflect preliminary data.
6
Table 4: BER Building Cost Index (2017Q4 – 2019Q1), dissemination of the 22 items
Year: 2017 Quarter: 4 Provinces
Descriptions W/Cape N/Cape F/State E/Cape Kwz/Natal Mpumala N/Prov Gauteng N/West Average
Excavation for trenches m3 127.93 102.32 139.52 0.00 93.52 90.80 101.41 123.75 0.00 112.72
Unreinforced concrete in footings m3 1777.29 1659.76 1466.00 0.00 1546.75 1337.18 1712.24 1385.91 0.00 1579.21
Reinforced concrete in slabs m3 1935.65 2139.39 1811.77 0.00 1875.97 1807.32 1960.46 1613.11 0.00 1849.89
Rough formwork to slabs m2 352.62 337.12 392.94 0.00 288.16 300.99 392.94 275.79 0.00 318.21
Bar reinforcement Kg 14.27 15.01 13.52 0.00 13.36 11.48 13.18 13.06 0.00 13.54
Half brick wall m2 258.76 246.82 238.20 0.00 233.85 202.59 234.26 217.53 0.00 236.38
One brick wall m2 559.58 469.00 358.44 0.00 431.06 385.03 450.18 373.00 0.00 453.63
Cavity wall m2 592.08 517.87 499.80 0.00 521.31 425.08 499.89 431.57 0.00 513.09
Face brickwork m2 300.81 341.33 292.31 0.00 314.66 229.76 277.45 260.25 0.00 291.48
Fibre cement / gal roofing m2 252.00 224.41 181.50 0.00 241.59 181.50 238.22 224.46 0.00 233.60
Sawn softwood trusses m 45.73 52.33 40.97 0.00 42.96 34.85 43.90 39.32 0.00 43.02
Semi-solid flush door Unit. 1317.35 1244.86 1288.06 0.00 1190.61 947.14 968.82 1065.87 0.00 1175.86
Gypsum fibre-cement ceiling m2 246.21 197.72 197.72 0.00 253.66 213.95 242.95 214.95 0.00 234.09
Vinyl tiles m2 273.50 276.88 278.03 0.00 278.01 227.27 267.38 259.31 0.00 268.45
76mm Mortice lockset Unit. 349.27 388.30 436.28 0.00 336.35 290.51 365.96 298.36 0.00 337.05
Pressed steel door frame Unit. 1059.37 756.49 1019.12 0.00 982.03 752.44 831.27 863.21 0.00 939.76
Standard steel/timber window m2 1309.46 1536.78 1222.55 0.00 1170.83 1039.79 1016.80 1130.51 0.00 1208.86
25mm Cement plaster screed m2 96.07 86.92 72.79 0.00 77.84 71.14 86.27 75.94 0.00 83.24
One coat internal plaster m2 87.63 74.05 72.79 0.00 69.59 71.37 81.55 72.39 0.00 76.74
Glazed wall tiles m2 395.89 307.17 417.56 0.00 367.67 332.37 307.17 345.50 0.00 362.38
Prime & 2 coats PVA on plaster m2 77.86 89.42 70.01 0.00 73.41 59.54 75.01 67.19 0.00 73.43
3mm clear float glass in frame m2 140.37 126.42 126.42 0.00 127.23 126.42 126.42 128.16 0.00 131.07
Number of projects 9 2 1 0 8 2 2 7 0 31
Total value x1000 279697.73 10696.34 2174.18 0.00 239250.51 36174.06 38444.39 379541.46 0.00 985978.66
P. & G. % 11.93 7.18 6.10 0.00 6.91 6.18 9.97 8.34 0.00 8.83
Contingencies % 1.84 4.59 0.00 0.00 3.59 6.61 2.79 0.33 0.00 2.44
Electrical % 8.75 15.26 20.05 0.00 7.64 15.16 5.20 6.04 0.00 9.26
Lifts % 8.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.17 0.00 0.00 2.04 0.00 3.81
Air conditioning % 5.57 2.07 5.47 0.00 6.85 0.00 1.12 0.28 0.00 4.88
Average tender per project 5 0 4 0 2 39 2 8 0 7
Rate per sanitary fitting 7382.12 6952.08 8033.75 0.00 7214.63 6175.73 6831.48 6787.06 0.00 7084.45
Rate for reinforced concrete 5126.03 5325.62 5128.81 0.00 4653.04 4460.48 5243.08 4298.55 0.00 4794.70
Relative tariff 1470.72 1390.07 1276.51 0.00 1342.10 1149.28 1362.73 1216.04 0.00 1340.85
BER Index 1970 = 100 10521.55 9944.55 9132.12 0.00 9601.40 8221.97 9748.97 8699.52 0.00 9592.42
BER Index 2005 = 100 240.25 227.08 208.52 0.00 219.24 187.74 222.61 198.65 0.00 219.04
7
Year: 2018 Quarter: 1 Provinces
Descriptions W/Cape N/Cape F/State E/Cape Kwz/Natal Mpumala N/Prov Gauteng N/West Average
Excavation for trenches m3 109.66 77.09 0.00 110.97 77.09 0.00 77.09 103.47 0.00 102.12
Unreinforced concrete in footings m3 1674.23 1954.85 0.00 1704.23 1202.99 0.00 1932.03 1405.72 0.00 1569.45
Reinforced concrete in slabs m3 1867.31 1968.11 0.00 1897.16 1416.13 0.00 2159.42 1499.74 0.00 1714.19
Rough formwork to slabs m2 332.12 402.06 0.00 344.67 255.00 0.00 402.06 302.23 0.00 324.82
Bar reinforcement Kg 13.24 14.21 0.00 16.73 12.09 0.00 17.02 13.35 0.00 14.03
Half brick wall m2 248.95 244.19 0.00 261.45 184.74 0.00 228.85 218.89 0.00 233.58
One brick wall m2 539.77 590.43 0.00 491.23 373.49 0.00 373.49 433.04 0.00 472.33
Cavity wall m2 554.95 539.79 0.00 529.86 396.24 0.00 505.87 480.27 0.00 507.81
Face brickwork m2 301.60 297.11 0.00 335.80 224.78 0.00 261.08 262.75 0.00 284.23
Fibre cement / gal roofing m2 333.00 218.68 0.00 301.54 218.57 0.00 261.08 270.14 0.00 285.74
Sawn softwood trusses m 54.80 58.45 0.00 57.92 37.07 0.00 57.44 46.01 0.00 50.99
Semi-solid flush door Unit. 1150.45 1226.93 0.00 1113.28 778.16 0.00 887.69 1022.87 0.00 1061.47
Gypsum fibre-cement ceiling m2 279.55 191.43 0.00 272.35 193.93 0.00 191.43 227.64 0.00 242.77
Vinyl tiles m2 316.06 331.08 0.00 344.30 250.48 0.00 243.04 294.84 0.00 305.08
76mm Mortice lockset Unit. 312.52 425.23 0.00 425.23 269.70 0.00 425.23 302.25 0.00 335.60
Pressed steel door frame Unit. 1086.58 1300.83 0.00 1158.94 825.03 0.00 800.51 957.03 0.00 1025.91
Standard steel/timber window m2 1425.16 1356.61 0.00 1497.86 1026.35 0.00 1618.24 1196.16 0.00 1325.78
25mm Cement plaster screed m2 97.98 87.47 0.00 106.95 73.94 0.00 67.88 84.83 0.00 90.46
One coat internal plaster m2 96.38 64.11 0.00 104.18 64.11 0.00 64.11 84.59 0.00 87.55
Glazed wall tiles m2 366.89 295.22 0.00 364.47 287.43 0.00 278.88 338.86 0.00 342.12
Prime & 2 coats PVA on plaster m2 86.99 93.28 0.00 88.75 59.16 0.00 93.28 75.09 0.00 81.45
3mm clear float glass in frame m2 99.37 99.37 0.00 120.07 99.37 0.00 99.37 99.37 0.00 102.64
Number of projects 5 1 0 3 1 0 1 8 0 19
Total value x1000 604935.34 9774.47 0.00 210360.08 67864.99 0.00 32000.00 847293.37 0.00 1772228.25
P. & G. % 11.75 14.34 0.00 5.16 8.76 0.00 9.43 11.03 0.00 10.26
Contingencies % 3.00 0.00 0.00 5.29 3.52 0.00 11.32 2.70 0.00 3.54
Electrical % 4.95 6.78 0.00 8.27 5.95 0.00 8.30 6.45 0.00 6.43
Lifts % 1.52 0.00 0.00 2.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.99 0.00 2.39
Air conditioning % 5.65 0.00 0.00 15.43 0.00 0.00 1.70 4.25 0.00 6.92
Average tender per project 3 0 0 12 8 0 0 4 0 5
Rate per sanitary fitting 7653.56 7000.55 0.00 8088.37 7416.46 0.00 6248.60 6530.49 0.00 7128.55
Rate for reinforced concrete 4852.16 5399.82 0.00 5293.58 3900.47 0.00 5871.80 4345.71 0.00 4741.02
Relative tariff 1546.00 1438.41 0.00 1552.68 1104.10 0.00 1377.89 1317.60 0.00 1413.12
BER Index 1970 = 100 11060.09 10290.41 0.00 11107.90 7898.73 0.00 9857.40 9426.14 0.00 10109.46
BER Index 2005 = 100 252.55 234.97 0.00 253.64 180.36 0.00 225.09 215.24 0.00 230.84
8
Year: 2018 Quarter: 2 Provinces
Descriptions W/Cape N/Cape F/State E/Cape Kwz/Natal Mpumala N/Prov Gauteng N/West Average
Excavation for trenches m3 110.71 0.00 96.92 114.39 99.40 134.87 0.00 116.88 0.00 109.67
Unreinforced concrete in footings m3 1791.88 0.00 1474.42 1715.40 1634.74 1685.87 0.00 1522.89 0.00 1638.03
Reinforced concrete in slabs m3 2177.87 0.00 1785.93 1975.72 1859.86 2023.04 0.00 1782.31 0.00 1918.30
Rough formwork to slabs m2 373.62 0.00 326.50 306.02 319.51 252.68 0.00 308.67 0.00 323.80
Bar reinforcement Kg 14.23 0.00 13.49 15.46 13.37 15.17 0.00 13.61 0.00 13.97
Half brick wall m2 267.43 0.00 219.83 254.85 238.38 226.00 0.00 231.99 0.00 243.30
One brick wall m2 541.51 0.00 386.72 505.48 508.58 363.09 0.00 433.24 0.00 482.08
Cavity wall m2 569.02 0.00 476.52 539.38 531.05 408.05 0.00 480.75 0.00 518.83
Face brickwork m2 318.13 0.00 310.18 296.05 309.51 258.50 0.00 276.48 0.00 298.46
Fibre cement / gal roofing m2 286.16 0.00 214.26 269.75 246.32 299.42 0.00 229.42 0.00 252.49
Sawn softwood trusses m 48.00 0.00 36.68 52.99 43.13 55.09 0.00 41.42 0.00 45.00
Semi-solid flush door Unit. 1427.28 0.00 1298.34 1364.70 1219.99 942.48 0.00 1093.30 0.00 1242.47
Gypsum fibre-cement ceiling m2 280.70 0.00 199.44 259.23 240.21 187.26 0.00 227.38 0.00 243.51
Vinyl tiles m2 303.61 0.00 230.90 305.73 296.07 325.93 0.00 261.41 0.00 286.18
76mm Mortice lockset Unit. 375.68 0.00 325.31 311.23 351.01 280.98 0.00 349.81 0.00 346.45
Pressed steel door frame Unit. 1080.46 0.00 810.05 961.89 986.34 760.56 0.00 964.85 0.00 979.01
Standard steel/timber window m2 1369.20 0.00 1144.94 1242.89 1152.12 963.80 0.00 1200.12 0.00 1216.43
25mm Cement plaster screed m2 96.46 0.00 80.00 96.41 82.68 66.27 0.00 87.55 0.00 88.17
One coat internal plaster m2 85.47 0.00 69.42 88.73 75.89 61.82 0.00 81.71 0.00 80.53
Glazed wall tiles m2 428.32 0.00 325.74 367.76 341.28 292.95 0.00 359.14 0.00 365.31
Prime & 2 coats PVA on plaster m2 82.20 0.00 67.57 86.81 76.36 94.02 0.00 75.10 0.00 78.66
3mm clear float glass in frame m2 129.64 0.00 111.95 118.25 106.25 105.11 0.00 107.74 0.00 113.36
Number of projects 7 0 2 5 10 1 0 10 0 35
Total value x1000 89317.84 0.00 45315.96 86735.32 233955.25 600000.00 0.00 374683.19 0.00 1430007.56
P. & G. % 11.99 0.00 3.86 14.60 11.74 17.39 0.00 13.63 0.00 12.45
Contingencies % 2.06 0.00 4.43 2.23 3.63 13.04 0.00 0.45 0.00 2.52
Electrical % 5.49 0.00 6.80 11.13 12.40 2.72 0.00 9.36 0.00 9.54
Lifts % 1.98 0.00 0.00 1.92 0.00 8.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.98
Air conditioning % 5.65 0.00 0.00 9.92 3.10 5.00 0.00 6.77 0.00 5.46
Average tender per project 2 0 8 2 4 0 0 5 0 3
Rate per sanitary fitting 7663.57 0.00 6716.28 7952.04 7466.07 6785.56 0.00 7027.98 0.00 7387.54
Rate for reinforced concrete 5469.31 0.00 4767.68 5051.80 4794.60 4803.71 0.00 4686.84 0.00 4934.22
Relative tariff 1546.92 0.00 1243.84 1470.00 1384.64 1324.96 0.00 1310.64 0.00 1398.39
BER Index 1970 = 100 11066.64 0.00 8898.40 10516.39 9905.69 9478.78 0.00 9376.32 0.00 10004.12
BER Index 2005 = 100 252.70 0.00 203.19 240.13 226.19 216.44 0.00 214.10 0.00 228.44
9
Year: 2018 Quarter: 3 Provinces
Descriptions W/Cape N/Cape F/State E/Cape Kwz/Natal Mpumala N/Prov Gauteng N/West Average
Excavation for trenches m3 111.54 0.00 88.70 115.38 97.07 107.52 96.80 100.11 82.81 105.07
Unreinforced concrete in footings m3 1696.54 0.00 1748.66 1718.17 1526.31 1695.24 1885.09 1496.53 1271.84 1624.99
Reinforced concrete in slabs m3 1884.91 0.00 2249.97 1967.78 1628.91 1861.53 2241.72 1669.61 1388.84 1818.46
Rough formwork to slabs m2 338.34 0.00 318.28 370.72 337.22 318.02 427.31 318.17 262.96 332.85
Bar reinforcement Kg 14.40 0.00 16.56 15.83 13.79 14.16 18.34 13.73 11.63 14.36
Half brick wall m2 250.17 0.00 236.42 252.81 223.27 236.80 236.86 225.53 209.61 238.31
One brick wall m2 534.75 0.00 468.78 549.39 485.50 446.92 540.05 419.20 385.09 487.62
Cavity wall m2 551.55 0.00 514.27 565.64 485.67 506.50 515.24 476.69 442.93 518.17
Face brickwork m2 286.20 0.00 276.29 327.73 261.26 271.39 230.03 274.18 247.77 280.56
Fibre cement / gal roofing m2 283.17 0.00 231.58 304.23 262.42 280.92 262.89 273.57 231.58 276.19
Sawn softwood trusses m 54.14 0.00 51.79 55.59 46.87 55.11 42.80 50.06 54.35 52.41
Semi-solid flush door Unit. 1170.11 0.00 1151.64 1116.10 1031.04 1045.87 866.12 1054.78 1083.68 1101.36
Gypsum fibre-cement ceiling m2 282.19 0.00 234.22 242.45 231.93 250.79 196.39 255.86 221.36 257.70
Vinyl tiles m2 326.55 0.00 307.18 333.05 281.63 287.86 246.49 296.84 267.31 307.17
76mm Mortice lockset Unit. 370.61 0.00 423.97 386.61 320.56 384.81 441.04 329.88 303.47 360.32
Pressed steel door frame Unit. 1087.86 0.00 1147.08 1162.03 1014.10 974.85 866.12 962.39 931.40 1039.71
Standard steel/timber window m2 1443.36 0.00 1203.53 1430.54 1268.40 1170.32 1073.93 1298.22 1156.78 1334.73
25mm Cement plaster screed m2 100.19 0.00 88.68 94.80 85.04 92.94 106.99 87.84 78.65 93.37
One coat internal plaster m2 94.71 0.00 78.34 93.92 77.16 94.19 81.52 84.61 75.57 88.80
Glazed wall tiles m2 371.14 0.00 276.13 324.39 363.36 356.67 290.41 343.86 339.43 351.15
Prime & 2 coats PVA on plaster m2 91.17 0.00 94.81 91.66 78.13 86.72 107.50 79.97 107.50 88.07
3mm clear float glass in frame m2 91.28 0.00 82.26 82.26 86.37 99.09 82.26 85.41 82.26 88.42
Number of projects 18 0 2 5 5 5 1 11 2 49
Total value x1000 329059.64 0.00 49199.42 241983.49 22727.70 157087.45 19000.00 463856.42 145161.47 1428075.60
P. & G. % 12.86 0.00 9.91 11.91 16.70 8.04 6.90 10.85 6.08 11.69
Contingencies % 2.65 0.00 2.89 4.47 2.99 4.55 2.30 2.35 0.97 2.93
Electrical % 7.88 0.00 20.48 16.76 9.83 37.05 2.41 13.62 14.57 14.14
Lifts % 2.80 0.00 3.84 1.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.39 0.00 3.39
Air conditioning % 3.00 0.00 16.37 6.47 3.05 8.05 2.76 4.20 5.45 5.06
Average tender per project 3 0 4 7 5 10 6 4 4 5
Rate per sanitary fitting 7356.10 0.00 7099.11 7537.42 7020.82 6739.83 7364.85 7278.76 7146.96 7241.30
Rate for reinforced concrete 5016.23 0.00 5497.29 5403.91 4693.65 4867.50 6212.42 4633.91 3866.50 4918.99
Relative tariff 1517.27 0.00 1417.88 1550.64 1348.19 1426.16 1445.49 1367.15 1248.16 1443.92
BER Index 1970 = 100 10854.52 0.00 10143.54 11093.26 9644.98 10202.73 10341.05 9780.62 8929.36 10329.79
BER Index 2005 = 100 247.85 0.00 231.62 253.31 220.24 232.97 236.13 223.33 203.89 235.87
10
Year: 2018 Quarter: 4 Provinces
Descriptions W/Cape N/Cape F/State E/Cape Kwz/Natal Mpumala N/Prov Gauteng N/West Average
Excavation for trenches m3 116.96 0.00 109.13 122.20 106.79 0.00 124.83 98.01 0.00 109.24
Unreinforced concrete in footings m3 1713.19 0.00 1656.56 1945.66 1523.66 0.00 1894.15 1499.96 0.00 1631.06
Reinforced concrete in slabs m3 1966.81 0.00 1966.10 2139.96 1783.01 0.00 2281.63 1807.21 0.00 1911.56
Rough formwork to slabs m2 356.86 0.00 313.01 323.19 338.40 0.00 396.24 279.74 0.00 325.61
Bar reinforcement Kg 14.10 0.00 14.96 13.62 13.79 0.00 14.63 12.89 0.00 13.73
Half brick wall m2 257.68 0.00 248.69 243.67 243.15 0.00 280.41 219.62 0.00 242.72
One brick wall m2 532.60 0.00 478.46 454.64 504.22 0.00 514.13 408.45 0.00 478.13
Cavity wall m2 568.30 0.00 515.26 490.13 543.33 0.00 639.30 468.96 0.00 527.35
Face brickwork m2 311.10 0.00 363.02 297.66 286.69 0.00 385.73 263.17 0.00 299.11
Fibre cement / gal roofing m2 267.05 0.00 281.35 252.16 242.66 0.00 326.76 237.41 0.00 257.06
Sawn softwood trusses m 48.71 0.00 43.13 44.99 44.90 0.00 55.16 41.92 0.00 45.59
Semi-solid flush door Unit. 1369.36 0.00 1200.09 1252.00 1319.87 0.00 1534.98 1037.62 0.00 1242.63
Gypsum fibre-cement ceiling m2 234.51 0.00 261.92 227.40 237.55 0.00 296.60 211.94 0.00 232.88
Vinyl tiles m2 315.38 0.00 291.42 271.63 323.22 0.00 369.80 264.70 0.00 298.85
76mm Mortice lockset Unit. 328.07 0.00 333.98 324.14 340.84 0.00 422.79 319.25 0.00 332.67
Pressed steel door frame Unit. 1116.15 0.00 1032.56 980.67 1005.26 0.00 957.93 845.50 0.00 987.74
Standard steel/timber window m2 1344.93 0.00 1111.59 1152.69 1223.70 0.00 1197.89 1049.21 0.00 1192.10
25mm Cement plaster screed m2 97.66 0.00 86.73 90.83 90.60 0.00 93.25 81.86 0.00 89.90
One coat internal plaster m2 91.82 0.00 80.53 86.16 73.58 0.00 93.30 76.67 0.00 82.81
Glazed wall tiles m2 388.95 0.00 391.55 343.14 432.57 0.00 401.17 351.99 0.00 382.43
Prime & 2 coats PVA on plaster m2 87.05 0.00 97.26 78.52 78.35 0.00 96.27 76.96 0.00 83.23
3mm clear float glass in frame m2 94.29 0.00 94.59 107.37 91.09 0.00 98.03 92.02 0.00 93.97
Number of projects 12 0 3 2 6 0 2 12 0 37
Total value x1000 289148.17 0.00 328325.85 4052.04 138834.95 0.00 20055.25 454289.97 0.00 1234706.24
P. & G. % 7.90 0.00 14.04 10.11 11.14 0.00 25.58 7.23 0.00 9.78
Contingencies % 1.54 0.00 0.00 10.08 3.08 0.00 7.53 2.68 0.00 2.82
Electrical % 6.02 0.00 9.22 0.00 9.41 0.00 9.26 10.26 0.00 8.32
Lifts % 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.84 0.00 0.00 1.65 0.00 1.41
Air conditioning % 3.05 0.00 6.30 0.00 5.06 0.00 7.91 9.29 0.00 6.27
Average tender per project 4 0 6 1 3 0 2 10 0 6
Rate per sanitary fitting 7537.84 0.00 8026.47 6363.16 8044.83 0.00 7891.38 6733.45 0.00 7354.40
Rate for reinforced concrete 5161.14 0.00 5026.96 5117.74 4854.35 0.00 5725.50 4494.96 0.00 4912.61
Relative tariff 1491.35 0.00 1462.88 1404.77 1391.02 0.00 1673.61 1268.95 0.00 1405.81
BER Index 1970 = 100 10669.09 0.00 10465.41 10049.74 9951.37 0.00 11973.01 9078.08 0.00 10057.19
BER Index 2005 = 100 243.62 0.00 238.97 229.48 227.23 0.00 273.39 207.29 0.00 229.65
11
Year: 2019 Quarter: 1 Provinces
Descriptions W/Cape N/Cape F/State E/Cape Kwz/Natal Mpumala N/Prov Gauteng N/West Average
Excavation for trenches m3 93.45 0.00 105.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 96.46
Unreinforced concrete in footings m3 1646.00 0.00 1395.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1583.36
Reinforced concrete in slabs m3 1796.86 0.00 1432.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1705.74
Rough formwork to slabs m2 388.26 0.00 351.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 379.10
Bar reinforcement Kg 15.43 0.00 13.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.88
Half brick wall m2 259.91 0.00 221.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 250.39
One brick wall m2 521.13 0.00 390.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 488.51
Cavity wall m2 576.38 0.00 485.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 553.64
Face brickwork m2 308.03 0.00 363.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 321.99
Fibre cement / gal roofing m2 325.17 0.00 218.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 298.38
Sawn softwood trusses m 58.85 0.00 48.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 56.30
Semi-solid flush door Unit. 1295.71 0.00 1018.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1226.47
Gypsum fibre-cement ceiling m2 306.79 0.00 241.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 290.39
Vinyl tiles m2 319.11 0.00 284.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 310.40
76mm Mortice lockset Unit. 386.73 0.00 287.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 361.88
Pressed steel door frame Unit. 1151.26 0.00 837.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1072.91
Standard steel/timber window m2 1455.04 0.00 1241.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1401.75
25mm Cement plaster screed m2 101.61 0.00 97.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.57
One coat internal plaster m2 100.40 0.00 70.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 92.86
Glazed wall tiles m2 415.94 0.00 452.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 425.11
Prime & 2 coats PVA on plaster m2 96.52 0.00 82.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 92.99
3mm clear float glass in frame m2 90.01 0.00 69.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 84.97
Number of projects 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
Total value x1000 21426.39 0.00 59700.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 81126.58
P. & G. % 12.08 0.00 5.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.43
Contingencies % 2.96 0.00 3.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.13
Electrical % 4.25 0.00 9.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.57
Lifts % 0.00 0.00 1.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.37
Air conditioning % 4.56 0.00 10.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.51
Average tender per project 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
Rate per sanitary fitting 7726.76 0.00 7053.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7558.38
Rate for reinforced concrete 5280.71 0.00 4516.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5089.54
Relative tariff 1596.46 0.00 1301.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1522.77
BER Index 1970 = 100 11421.06 0.00 9312.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10893.89
BER Index 2005 = 100 260.79 0.00 212.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 248.75
12
Table 5: Monthly Forecasts of Individual Components
YEAR JAN % FEB % MAR % APR % MAY % JUN % JUL % AUG % SEP % OCT % NOV % DEC %
2018 105.0 4.4 105.8 4.0 106.2 3.8 107.0 4.5 107.2 4.4 107.6 4.6 108.5 5.1 108.4 4.9 108.9 4.9 109.4 5.1 109.6 5.2 109.4 4.5
2019 109.2 4.0 110.1 4.1 111.4 4.9 112.6 5.2 112.9 5.3 113.5 5.5 114.1 5.2 114.3 5.4 114.9 5.5 115.5 5.6 115.6 5.5 115.4 5.5
2020 115.2 5.5 115.3 4.7 116.5 4.6 117.6 4.5 118.4 4.9 119.3 5.1 119.8 5.0 120.2 5.2 121.0 5.3 121.8 5.4 122.0 5.5 121.8 5.5
2021 121.2 5.2 121.4 5.3 122.6 5.2 123.7 5.2 124.7 5.3 125.8 5.4 126.1 5.2 126.6 5.3 127.5 5.4 128.6 5.6 128.9 5.7 128.8 5.8
2022 128.6 6.1 128.7 6.0 129.9 6.0 131.4 6.2 132.3 6.1 133.0 5.8 133.3 5.7 133.5 5.5 134.1 5.2 135.3 5.2 135.5 5.1 135.5 5.2
2023 136.2 5.9 135.5 5.3 136.2 4.8 136.9 4.2 137.5 3.9 138.2 3.9 138.6 4.0 139.1 4.2 139.9 4.3 141.1 4.3 141.6 4.5 141.6 4.5
YEAR JAN % FEB % MAR % APR % MAY % JUN % JUL % AUG % SEP % OCT % NOV % DEC %
2018 107.9 8.0 106.8 6.0 107.3 6.3 107.4 6.8 107.8 4.4 108.6 5.1 110.4 6.7 110.4 6.0 111.4 5.8 113.2 6.9 114.0 6.9 113.4 6.0
2019 112.5 4.3 114.9 7.6 115.0 7.2 115.1 7.2 115.3 7.0 115.9 6.7 116.4 5.4 115.9 5.0 117.0 5.0 118.7 4.9 119.8 5.1 119.3 5.2
2020 118.7 5.5 121.0 5.3 121.2 5.4 121.8 5.8 121.8 5.6 122.6 5.8 123.0 5.7 122.4 5.6 123.3 5.4 124.9 5.2 125.8 5.0 125.3 5.0
2021 124.9 5.2 127.5 5.4 128.5 6.0 129.7 6.5 130.1 6.8 131.2 7.0 132.3 7.6 131.5 7.4 132.2 7.2 134.3 7.5 135.4 7.6 134.8 7.6
2022 133.7 7.1 136.5 7.0 137.4 6.9 138.5 6.8 138.7 6.6 139.2 6.1 140.3 6.0 139.1 5.8 139.7 5.7 141.7 5.5 142.1 5.0 141.4 4.9
2023 140.7 5.2 141.9 4.0 142.7 3.9 143.5 3.6 144.1 3.9 144.9 4.1 146.2 4.2 145.9 4.9 146.5 4.9 148.5 4.8 149.1 4.9 149.2 5.5
13
INDEX OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT PRICES Base Dec 2016 = 100
YEAR JAN % FEB % MAR % APR % MAY % JUN % JUL % AUG % SEP % OCT % NOV % DEC %
2018 101.5 2.2 102.0 2.6 101.5 1.9 101.5 1.1 101.6 0.8 101.7 1.1 101.8 1.1 103.2 2.5 103.6 2.8 103.4 2.4 103.6 2.7 103.5 2.5
2019 105.9 4.3 106.9 4.8 107.0 5.4 107.1 5.5 107.5 5.8 107.5 5.7 107.6 5.7 107.5 4.2 108.1 4.3 108.7 5.1 109.1 5.3 109.0 5.3
2020 112.3 6.0 113.4 6.1 113.4 6.0 113.5 6.0 113.5 5.6 113.6 5.7 113.8 5.8 113.3 5.4 113.3 4.9 113.3 4.3 113.9 4.4 113.9 4.5
2021 114.6 2.1 116.7 2.9 117.4 3.5 118.4 4.3 119.2 5.0 119.3 5.0 119.8 5.2 119.5 5.4 119.7 5.6 120.0 5.9 121.0 6.2 121.0 6.2
2022 121.7 6.2 123.7 6.0 124.8 6.3 125.7 6.2 126.9 6.5 127.4 6.8 127.4 6.4 127.1 6.4 127.1 6.2 127.6 6.3 128.5 6.2 128.4 6.2
2023 129.0 6.0 131.0 5.9 131.9 5.7 132.1 5.1 133.3 5.0 134.0 5.2 134.2 5.3 134.0 5.4 133.9 5.3 134.1 5.1 134.9 5.0 134.9 5.0
Source: Stats SA; MFA. The figures in bold font represent the latest available indices from Stats SA
14
Table 6: CPAP (WG 180) - Individual Forecasts
Calculation of derived CPAP Haylett WG 180: forecast of individual inputs (DEC 2016 = 100)
2018
Labour 42.0 42.3 42.5 42.8 42.9 43.0 43.4 43.4 43.6 43.8 43.8 43.8
Materials 54.0 53.4 53.7 53.7 53.9 54.3 55.2 55.2 55.7 56.6 57.0 56.7
Plant 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.3 10.4 10.4
Derived Haylett 106.1 105.9 106.3 106.7 106.9 107.5 108.8 108.9 109.6 110.7 111.2 110.8
2019
Labour 43.7 44.0 44.6 45.0 45.2 45.4 45.7 45.7 46.0 46.2 46.3 46.2
Materials 56.3 57.5 57.5 57.6 57.7 57.9 58.2 58.0 58.5 59.4 59.9 59.6
Plant 10.6 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.9 10.9 10.9
Derived Haylett 110.5 112.2 112.8 113.3 113.6 114.1 114.6 114.4 115.2 116.5 117.1 116.7
2020
Labour 46.1 46.1 46.6 47.1 47.4 47.7 47.9 48.1 48.4 48.7 48.8 48.7
Materials 59.3 60.5 60.6 60.9 60.9 61.3 61.5 61.2 61.6 62.5 62.9 62.6
Plant 11.2 11.3 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.4 11.4
Derived Haylett 116.7 118.0 118.6 119.3 119.6 120.4 120.8 120.6 121.4 122.5 123.1 122.7
2021
Labour 48.5 48.6 49.0 49.5 49.9 50.3 50.4 50.6 51.0 51.4 51.6 51.5
Materials 62.4 63.8 64.3 64.9 65.0 65.6 66.2 65.7 66.1 67.1 67.7 67.4
Plant 11.5 11.7 11.7 11.8 11.9 11.9 12.0 11.9 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.1
Derived Haylett 122.4 124.0 125.0 126.2 126.8 127.8 128.6 128.3 129.1 130.6 131.4 131.0
2022
Labour 51.4 51.5 52.0 52.6 52.9 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.7 54.1 54.2 54.2
Materials 66.9 68.2 68.7 69.3 69.3 69.6 70.1 69.5 69.8 70.8 71.1 70.7
Plant 12.2 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.8 12.8 12.8
Derived Haylett 130.5 132.1 133.1 134.4 134.9 135.5 136.2 135.7 136.2 137.7 138.1 137.7
2023
Labour 54.5 54.2 54.5 54.8 55.0 55.3 55.4 55.7 56.0 56.4 56.6 56.7
Materials 70.3 71.0 71.4 71.8 72.0 72.4 73.1 73.0 73.3 74.2 74.5 74.6
Plant 12.9 13.1 13.2 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.5 13.5
Derived Haylett 137.7 138.3 139.0 139.8 140.4 141.1 141.9 142.0 142.6 144.1 144.7 144.7
15
Table 7: Construction input price index (Dec 2016-100)
Month 2016 2017 2018 2019
Index % Index % Index % Index %
January 94.2 0.1 99.9 6.1 107.9 8.0 112.5 4.3
February 95.1 1.1 100.8 6.0 106.8 6.0
March 95.6 1.2 100.9 5.5 107.3 6.3
April 95.7 1.4 100.6 5.1 107.4 6.8
May 96.3 2.3 103.3 7.3 107.8 4.4
June 97.2 2.3 103.3 6.3 108.6 5.1
July 98.2 3.7 103.5 5.4 110.4 6.7
August 98.6 4.9 104.2 5.7 110.4 6.0
September 97.8 4.4 105.3 7.7 111.4 5.8
October 98.4 4.8 105.9 7.6 113.2 6.9
November 98.4 4.9 106.6 8.3 114.0 6.9
December 100.0 7.1 107.0 7.0 113.4 6.0
Average 97.1 3.2 103.4 6.5 109.9 6.2
Source: Release P0151.1, Stats SA
16
Table 8: Construction Materials Price Indices (Dec 2016=100)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Earthworks (index) 65.5 71.9 72.9 74.9 77.7 82.4 87.5 91.0 98.5 102.1 105.5
% Change 12.3 9.8 1.4 2.7 3.7 6.1 6.2 4.0 8.3 3.6 3.4
Piling (index) 68.5 72.1 73.2 76.3 80.2 84.7 89.6 91.2 98.3 103.3 109.4
% Change 17.1 5.3 1.5 4.2 5.1 5.6 5.8 1.7 7.8 5.1 5.9
Concrete (excl
66.0 74.4 77.9 82.2 88.2 91.3 94.4 99.5 100.8 105.0 112.9
formwork) (index)
% Change 8.0 12.7 4.7 5.6 7.2 3.5 3.4 5.4 1.3 4.2 7.6
Formwork (index) 70.8 74.4 74.2 78.6 81.7 85.2 88.6 91.8 97.8 102.1 108.0
% Change 16.2 5.0 -0.2 5.9 4.0 4.3 4.0 3.5 6.6 4.4 5.8
Reinforcement (index) 79.6 64.1 64.8 73.2 80.5 85.8 91.8 83.3 93.3 107.3 121.6
% Change 52.9 -19.5 1.2 12.8 10.1 6.5 7.0 -9.3 12.0 15.1 13.3
Brick & block work
61.1 64.8 67.9 71.4 76.1 82.0 88.0 93.5 98.4 101.5 100.8
(index)
% Change 9.6 5.9 4.9 5.1 6.7 7.7 7.4 6.2 5.3 3.2 -0.7
Masonry (index) 67.3 74.0 73.9 76.4 80.3 85.7 90.2 93.6 99.7 102.3 104.9
% Change 12.7 9.9 -0.3 3.4 5.2 6.6 5.3 3.8 6.5 2.6 2.6
Water proofing (index) 59.2 67.2 69.2 70.3 74.0 81.2 87.5 89.7 94.1 106.2 111.1
% Change 25.4 13.4 3.0 1.6 5.3 9.7 7.8 2.5 4.8 12.9 4.6
Non metal roofing
61.1 70.8 74.8 77.5 82.9 87.4 93.4 95.0 99.3 102.6 109.2
(index)
% Change 19.2 15.8 5.6 3.7 7.0 5.4 6.9 1.7 4.6 3.2 6.4
Carpentry And Joinery
71.4 73.2 73.5 77.1 82.1 84.9 87.5 89.7 96.7 101.0 106.5
(index)
% Change 14.4 2.5 0.3 4.9 6.5 3.4 3.1 2.5 7.8 4.4 5.5
Ceilings (index) 60.5 64.2 68.1 72.3 78.1 82.7 89.7 95.1 99.2 104.3 103.8
% Change 7.7 6.2 6.1 6.1 8.1 5.9 8.5 6.0 4.3 5.2 -0.5
Resilient floor & wall
53.6 60.5 65.1 68.9 73.4 79.4 87.3 90.4 96.6 101.9 107.2
coverings (index)
% Change 9.3 12.9 7.6 5.8 6.5 8.2 10.0 3.5 6.8 5.4 5.2
Structural steelwork in
74.5 76.7 75.4 82.0 84.9 89.0 92.5 94.7 98.5 101.6 109.4
buildings (index)
% Change 27.4 2.9 -1.7 8.8 3.6 4.8 4.0 2.4 4.0 3.2 7.7
Metalwork (index) 71.2 71.7 72.7 77.3 79.8 82.4 87.9 89.6 96.8 100.7 109.8
% Change 33.4 0.6 1.4 6.4 3.2 3.3 6.7 1.9 8.1 4.0 9.0
Tiling (index) 73.7 79.0 81.0 83.2 85.1 87.1 91.9 94.9 98.6 102.2 106.1
% Change 19.8 7.2 2.6 2.7 2.3 2.4 5.5 3.2 3.9 3.7 3.7
Drainage (index) 66.7 68.4 70.3 73.6 77.3 81.1 86.5 91.9 97.9 102.5 105.4
% Change 10.0 2.4 2.8 4.8 5.0 4.9 6.6 6.2 6.6 4.7 2.9
Plumbing (index) 76.1 71.4 75.6 78.5 80.8 87.4 91.3 94.1 98.6 102.1 105.0
% Change 7.3 -6.2 5.9 3.8 2.9 8.2 4.5 3.1 4.7 3.5 2.9
Glazing (index) 63.3 57.6 58.9 59.7 60.7 64.8 76.6 87.9 99.2 100.3 101.4
% Change 10.9 -9.1 2.3 1.4 1.6 6.8 18.1 14.8 12.8 1.1 1.1
Painting (index) 63.0 68.2 70.0 74.0 79.0 84.0 90.2 93.5 98.3 103.5 108.3
% Change 10.5 8.3 2.7 5.7 6.8 6.3 7.4 3.7 5.1 5.3 4.7
Roadwork (index) 76.0 77.4 79.8 87.8 96.0 101.2 107.5 98.6 98.5 104.3 115.4
% Change 21.7 1.9 3.1 10.0 9.3 5.4 6.3 -8.3 -0.2 5.9 10.7
Electrical installations
68.0 60.5 64.1 69.5 73.9 79.1 86.2 86.1 92.9 104.8 110.1
(index)
% Change 16.5 -11.0 6.1 8.4 6.3 7.1 9.0 -0.2 7.9 12.8 5.1
Ductwork installations
55.2 52.9 55.7 61.4 66.0 74.0 79.7 83.1 92.2 102.8 107.2
(index)
% Change 22.7 -4.2 5.3 10.2 7.5 12.2 7.7 4.3 10.9 11.5 4.3
Source: Stats SA
17