MONOTONOCITY Page # 21

EXERCISE – V HINTS & SOLUTIONS

Sol.1 (a) Sol.2 (a) f(x) = xex(1–x)
e
x f'(x) = ex(1–x) + xex(1–x) (1 – 2x)
= ex (1–x) [1 + x – 2x2]
1+x
= – ex (1–x) (2x + 1) (x – 1) = 0
  
(0, 1) 1 1
–
2

 1 
 is  – ,1
 2 
(b) – 1  p  1
(A) ex < 1 + x 4x3 – 3x – p = 0
assume x = cos    = cos–1 x
(B) Let f(x) = ln (1 + x) – x   [0, ]
–x cos 3 = p  3 = cos–1 p
f'(x) = 0  3  
1 x
f'(x) < 0 for x  (0, 1) 
f(x) < f(0) 0 3 = cos–1 p
3
f (x)  0 1 1
(C) f(x) = sin x – x 1  cos   = cos–1 p
2 3
f'(x) = cos x – 1 = – 2 sin2 x/2
f(x)  is (0, 1) cos1 x =
1
cos1 P
3
(b) S : is correct
1 1 –1 
sinx
 x 1 x = cos  cos p 
2  3 

2 Sol.3 f(x) =3 sin x – 4 sin–3 x
 
2


cos x –
2


2

2

Both are decreasing function.

R : y = sin x f(x) = sin 3x
y = cos x
 
y' = cos x decreasing –  3x 
2 2
y' = – sin x  increasing
R is incorrect.  
– x
6 6
(c) f'(x) = ex (x – 1) (x – 2)
      
Length of internal = – –  =
f is  is (1, 2). 6  6  3

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053, www.motioniitjee.com, [email protected]
 Page # 22 MONOTONOCITY

Sol.4 (a) 2 (1 – cos x) < x2, x  0 ...(1) (b) (ii) Let t = x2  dt = 2x dx

tan2 x 4 2
 (1 – cos (tan x)) < f(t) dt  2 f(x2 ) dx = 2(2 – 0) f(c)
2  
0 0
  for some c  (0, 2) (using mean value them)
P.T. sin (tan x)  x  x  0, 
 4
4
Let f(x) = x – sin (tan x)
f'(x) = 1 – cos (tan x).sec2x
 f(t) dt = 2(f(c) + f(c))
0
= 1 – cos (tan x) (1 + tan2x)
= 2(f(2) + f( 2)) where  =  = c
tan 2 x
= 1 – cos (tan x) – cos (tan x) tan2x < – Sol.5 (a) f(0+) = f(0) = 0
2
cos (tan x) tan2x by use equation (2)
–

 0
0
1 
f'(x) < tan2x  – cos(tan x ) 
 2  Lt h nh 0
x  0 –
h 0
 1
< tan2x  1 – cos(tan x ) – 
 2 
(is intered. form)   0
 tan 2 x 1 
   should be greater than 0
< tan x  2 – 2  by using equation (2)
2

 
f(x2 ) – f(x) 2
lim f ' ( x )2x – f ' ( x )
(b) xlim
 0 f ( x ) – f (0 )
= x 0
tan 2 x   f ' ( x) – 0
f'(x) < (tan2x – 1) < for  x  0, 4 
2  
 f ' ( x 2 )2x 
f(x)   f(x)  f(0) lim
= x 0  f ' ( x ) – 1 = – 1
f(x)  0  
x – sin (tan x)  0
Aliter
sin(tan x )  x function is increasing
so f(4) > f(2) (for example)
If we calculate RHL & LHL than it should exist.
Sol.4 (b) (i) using mean values them, there exist b  (0,
and x  0+ x2 < x
f(4)  f(0) f(x2) < f(x)  f(x2) – f(x) < 0
4) such that f’(b) = .....(1)
4 will be negative.

 f(4)  f(0)  Sol.6 p(x) = 51x101 – 2323 x100 – 45 x + 1035

Now (f(4))2 – (f(0))2 =   (f(4)+f(0) × 4
 4 
From equation (1)
Let f(x) =  P( x)dx
(f(4))2 – (f(0))2 = 4f’(b) (f(4) + f(0)) .......(2)
Range of function f must contain the intarval x102 x2
f(x) = – 23 x101 – 45 + 1035 x + c
[f(0), f(4)] or [f(4), f(0)] 2 2

 f(0)  f(4)  ( 45 )x 2 x2
    Range of the function Now f(451/100) = – (23) (45) x – 45 +
 2  2 2
1035 x + c
f(0)  f(4) f(451/100) = c
 f(a) =
2
Now from equation (2) ( 46 )102 ( 46 )2
f(46) = – 23 (46)101 – 45 + (1035) 46=c
(f(4))2 – (f(0))2 = 8 f(a) f’(b) 2 2
Hence proved. By using rolle's tthem we can say that

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053, www.motioniitjee.com, [email protected]
 MONOTONOCITY Page # 23

f'(k) = 0 for k  (451/100, 46)

51 x101 – 23 (k)100 – 45 k + 1035 = 0
51 x101 – 2323 x100 – 45 x + 1035 = 0

Sol.7 Let g(x) = f(x) – x2

g(1) = g(2) = g(3) = 0
Rolle's them in [1, 2]
g'(c1) = 0
c1  (1, 2)
Rolle's them in [2, 3]
g'(c2) = 0; c2 (2, 3) (ii) kex – x = 0
y1 = kex, y2 = x
1 C1 2 C2 3
dy1 dy 2
g'(x) = f'(x) – 2x = kex =1
dx dx
Apply Rolle's them is [c1c2]
kex = 1
g"(c) = 0 for some c  (c1, c2)
f"(c) – 2 = 0  f"(c) = 2 for some c  (1, 3) 1  1
We can't assume f(x) = x2 ex =  x = n  
k k
because
f(x) can be  1
f(x) = x2 + (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) (x) y1 = 1, y2 = n  
k
(x) can be anthing.
 1
Sol.8 (a) f(x) = 2 + cos x for  x  R n   = 1
k
Statement - I
f'(c) = – sin c 1
f(t) = 2 + cos t  f(t +) nk = – 1  k 
e
3 (iii) For two distinct root
1 + nk < 0 (k > 0)
2 nk < – 1
1 1
k<
  3 2 e
2 2
 1
k   0, 
By graph there will exist at least onepoint where  e
f'(c) = 0
Statement - II x2 x0
f(x) = 2 + cos x (c) (A) f(x) = x|x|
f(t) = 2 + cos t
f(t + 2) = 2 + cos t –x2 x<0
Statement-1 is correct and statement-II is also
correct.
But statement-2 is not a correct explanation of
statement-1.
–1
x
(b) f(x) = ke – x 1
(i) y = x and y = kex
If k  0
one point

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053, www.motioniitjee.com, [email protected]
 Page # 24 MONOTONOCITY

(B) f(x) = |x|  x x0 

= 2 cos–1 eu –
2
y= 2
x  xy
 –1 u  
= 2  – tan e  –
2  2


g(–u) = – 2 tan–1 eu = – g(u)
4
g(u)  odd function
Because eu is strictly  function.
and tan–1 is also  function
So g(u) will also  function.

(C) f(x) = x + [x]  x – 1 – 1  x < 0 (b) f'(x)  0 for  x  R

x0x<1
2x=1  1
f(x) = f(1 – x) f'   = 0
4

2 1
Replace x  –x
2

1  1 
f  – x = f   x
2  2 
–1 O 1

–1

–2

(D) f(x) = |x – 1| + |x + 1| 0
1/4 1/ 2 3/4 1
x<–1
f(x) = |–x – x –| = – 2x
–1 x<1 x1
f(x) = 1 – x + x + 1 = 2; f(x) = x – 1 + x + 1= 2x

(A) By Rolle's theorem we can say that.

2 There are two points who

 1 1 1 3
In between  ,  and in between  , 
 –4 2  2 4
–1 1 There will be atleast two points where f"(x) = 0

 1
(B) f'   = 0 (By graph)
2
  
Sol.9 (a) g : (–, )   – , 
 2 2 1/ 2
 1
(C) I =  f  x   sin x dx
  2 
–1/ 2
g(u) = 2 tan–1 (eu) –
2
1/ 2
 1   1 
g(– u) = 2 tan–1  u – =–  f  – x  sin x dx (By)
 e  2 2 
–1/ 2

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053, www.motioniitjee.com, [email protected]
 MONOTONOCITY Page # 25

1/ 2 It can be proved that g(x)  2 2 – 10  x(0, )

1 
I=–  f   x  sin x dx Now there exists some  > 1 such that
2 
–1/ 2
1
– n x  2 2 – 10 for all x  (, ) as
I=– I  I0 x

1/ 2 1 1
f ( t )esin t dt = f(1 – t)esin tdt – n x is strictly decreasing function
(D)   x
0 1/2
1
Put 1 – t = z g(x)  – n x
x
0
Let f(x) = (1 – x)2 sin2x + x2 for all x  IR,
=–  f(z)esin zdz
1/2 x
 2(t  1) 
and let g(x)=    n t  f(t)dt for
 t  1 
1 /2 1

=  f(z)e sin  z dz
all x(1, )
0

1 Sol.12 B
Sol.10 f(x) = x cos ,x1 f(x) = (1-x)2 sin2x + x2
x
 2(x  1) 
1 1  1 g'(x)     n x  f(x)
f'(x) = cos + cos    1 as x    x 1 
x x x

1 1  1  4 
1 1 1  2    n x  (f(x) is positive)
Also f"(x) = 2 sin – 2 sin – 3 cos   x 1
x x x x x x  

1
 1 4
Let h  2   n x 
= – 3 cos   < 0 for x  1 x 1
x x
f'(x) is decreasing is [1, ) 1 4 (x  1)2
f'(x + 2) < f'(x). h'(x)= x  
(x  1)2 x(x  1)2
(always negative)
1
Sol.11 f’(x) = + 1  sin x at x = 1 ; h = 0 so always negative
x
 g'(x) always negative
f’(x) is not differentiable at
 Sol.13 C
sin x = – 1 or x = 2n – ,nN f(x) = 2(1 + x2) – 2x = 2(1 + x2 –x)
2
n n  (1, ) ; f(x) > 0, f’(x) > 0 (1 – x)2 sin2x + x2 = 2 + 2x2 – 2x – (1 – x)2
consider f(x) – f’(x) cos2x = 1, Not possible so P is false
for Q, (1 – x)2 sin2x + x2 = x + x2 – 1/2
x
1 (1 – x)2 sin2x = x – 1/2 obvious x > 1/2
= n x + 1  sin t dt – – 1  sin x
 x (1 – x)2 sin2x +1/2 = x
0
Let y = (1 – x)2 sin2x – x + 1/2

x  1 1
  at x = 1/2  y = sin2 (positive)
=   1  sin t dt  1  sin x  + n x – 1 4 2
 x
0 
1
at x=1  y=  (negative) so Q is true
x 2
consider g(x) =  1  sin t dt – 1  sin x
0

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053, www.motioniitjee.com, [email protected]