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Data Mining Week1 2024

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Data Mining Week1 2024

Lecture slides

Uploaded by

bklodo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DCIT428: Wireless Systems

Lecturer: Prof. F. Apietu Katsriku


Office Hours: Monday 11:00 – 14:00 Hrs
[email protected]
Computer Science Department
University of Ghana

1
Course outline
• Introduction
• wireless transmission basics
• adio propagation issues, antennas
• digital modulation
• spread spectrum techniques and their applications,
• standards: Wi-Fi, WiMAX and Bluetooth.
• Also presents practical knowledge to enable the design,
testing, deployment, debugging and communication of Wi-
Fi, WiMAX networks and point-to-point microwave
systems.
• Discussions on cellular network technologies are also
included.

F Apietu 2
Katsriku/CSCD609/Sem1/2014_1
Assessment
ITEM FORM OF ASSESSMENT DELIVERED MARKS

Individual Weekly quizzes and Alongside 20%


Assignments exercises Multiple Choice Sessions
Questions (MCQs) 20%
Mid semester exam

Individual or Term Project/Paper/ Beginning 10%


group Project Presentation of
Semester
Written Semester Examination End of 50%
Examination semester

F Apietu Total 100%3


Katsriku/CSCD609/Sem1/2014_1
Principles of Wireless and Mobile Systems:
Background
What is wireless?
•The physical phenomena known as radio waves were first
known as ‘Hertzian Waves’. Hertz showed that the
electromagnetic phenomena (under study by Tesla) could be
used to transfer energy between locations without a physical
connection.
•Guglielmo Marconi began work in 1894 to reproduce the Hertz
laboratory experiment over greater distances. His study and
efforts brought about the first radio link in the form of wireless
telegraph.
•The combined works of Tesla, Hertz, and Marconi proved that
electromagnetic phenomena (such as a large spark) generated
at
one location could be detected at another location without a
direct physical connection between locations. Thus, the ability
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to communicate without wires i.e. ‘Wireless’.


Wireless Networks: Why?

 Mobility
 Minimise required infrastructure
 Disaster recovery
 Long distance, low data rate links

5
Principles of Wireless and Mobile Systems: Key Concepts

• Wireless links inherently are more complex than wireline

links

• Wireless links suffer from unfavorable channel

characteristics

• There is a very limited spectrum for wireless

communication

• Wireless communication is susceptible to intercept


6
Key questions

 How can we provide connectivity for mobile


systems?
 What kind of network structure do we need to
support wireless mobility?
 What changes might we need to make to the
existing infrastructure (mechanisms and
systems) to support wireless mobility?

7
Supporting wireless and mobile systems
•Connectivity
– transmission
– modulation
– media access
•Support in the network infrastructure
– connectivity between the wireless
and the wired world
•Protocols
– specifically for dealing with
mobility 8
•Mobile systems are designed to operate over a very large
area with a limited bandwidth
•A cellular mobile comms. system uses a large number of
low-power wireless transmitters to create cells
•Offers larger capacity through cell splitting

•Variable power levels allow cells to be sized according to


subscriber density& demand within a particular region

•As mobile users travel from cell to cell their conversations


are handed off between cells

•Channels (frequencies) used in one cell can be reused in


another cell some distance away 9
Mobile Radio Environment

Propagation Path Loss


Multipath Fading
Frequency-Selective Fading
Doppler Shift
Co-Channel Interference
Adjacent Channel Interference
Man-Made Noise
Urban Environment
Suburban Environment
Rural Environment

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