EXERCISE # 1.1 Chapter No. 01 Introduction of Function: Functions are important tools by which we describe the real World in mathematical terms. They are used to explain the Relationship between variable quantities and hence play a central role in the study of calculus. The term function was recognized by a German Mathematician Leibniz (1646-1716) to describe the dependence of one quantity on another. Function: Let X and Y be sets of real numbers. A real valued function from X to Y is a rule or correspondence that assigns to each element x in X a unique element y in Y. The set X is called domain of f. The set of corresponding elements y in Y is called range of f. If y is a function of x, written as y=f(x), then x is called independent variable and y is called dependent variable. TYPES OF FUNCTIONS AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION: Explicit and Implicit Functions: A function in which dependent variable y can be expressed in terms of the independent variable x is called Explicit function, such a function is written as y = f(x). Examples of such functions are; y=x'+38x-8, and = y=vVx"+2x A function in which dependent variable y cannot be expressed in terms of the independent variable x is called Implicit function, such a function is written as f(x, y) =c Examples of such functions are; x°43x?+4xy’+y°+3=0, and x’siny+ycosx=7 Algebraic and Transcendental functions: Those functions which are defined by algebraic expressions are called Algebraic Function. Polynomial function, Linear function,EXERCISE # 1.1 Identity function, Constant function and Rational function are example of Algebraic functions. Those functions which are not Algebraic are called Transcendental Functions. Trigonometric function, Inverse trigonometric function, Logarithm function, Exponential function are example of Transcendental functions. Even and Odd functions: A function f(x) is said to be an Odd function of ‘x’. If for : x =-X =. f(-x) =-f (x) A function f(x) is said to be an Even function of ‘x’. If for: K=-X = f(-x)=f(x) at: (If t(x)=* 52. fina £(-3) x+4° (ii) If f(x)=3x*-5x+7, find f(4) 1 x44 Q.2: Find the value of: (2), if (x)= x Q.3: if f(x)=3x' + 2x’-x+4, prove that: 2f(3)= 25f(1) Q.4: Given f (x)= 38x’ -ax’+bx-+1, if f(2)=-38 and f (1) =0, find the values of ‘a' and 'b’. Q.5: (a) f(x)=a*, show that: 1 @ f-p)=7a (ii) f(x+ y) = f(x)f(y) (b) If f(x) =logx, Prove that f (x*)= af (x)EXERCISE # 1.1 Q.6: Iff(p)=p+ oe , Prove that following results: p () = f(-p)=-f(p) il) (2)- f(p) Q.7: If f(x)=tanx, show that f(x+y)= OIG Q.8: If f(t)= ea show that: (YX) =f(t). -1 x)-f Q.9: Iff(x)= =H *=—., show that: Ey “ae Q.10: Prove that. f[f(x)]=x, for. the function x+1 e(x)= = Q.11: Are the following functions even, odd or neither? () f(x)=4x’-2x+6 (ii) f(x)== (ili) iG) Sees (iv) f(x)=xVx"-1 Q.12: (i) Show that= ai is an odd function of x. ae +1. . (ii) Show that x. e 1 is an Even function of x. ak— Q.13: If f(x)=log 7 *, Provethat: f(x + £(y)= (2 ty x 1+xy oO + >SOLUTION OF EXERCISE # 1.1 Qt: (x)=, find #(-8) _x'-8 x+4 Put x=-—8, we have: (3)'-3_ 9-3 3)" (il) it f(x) =8x"-5x+7, find f(4) Sol. f(x)=3x" -5x+7 |A-2017) Put x =4, we have: £(4)=3(4) —5(4)+7=48-20+7 =[35 Sol. f(x) (IIA-2016) Q.2: Find the value of: (2) if f(x)= x x44 Sol. f (x)= x+4 Replace x by yy; we have: (2)- 1 a? 5 z z x (2) +4 ted isda 1+4x Q.3: if £(x)=8x' + 2x’-x+ 4, prove that: 2f(3)=25f(1) Sol. As, f(x)=3(x) +2(x) -x+4 — (i) (llA-2018), (IA-2018) Put x =8, in eq.(i): Put x =1, in eq.(i): £(3)=3(8) +2(3) -344 | £(1)=3(2) +2(1) -1+4 f(3)=81+18-3+4=100 | f(1)=3+2-14+4=8SOLUTION OF EXERCISE # 1.1 2f (3) = 25f (1) 2(100) = 25(8) 200 = 200 LHS.=R.HS. Proved. Q.4: Given f(x)=3x°-ax’+bx+1,if f(2)=-3 and f(-1) = 0, find the values of ‘a’ and ‘b’. Sol. As f(x)=3x? -ax*+bx+1—(i) Put x=2,in eq.(i), we have: Put x =-l, in eq. (i), we have: £(2)=3(2) -a(2) +b(2)+1 | £(-1)=3(-1)’- a(t)’ +b(-1) +4 -8=24-da+2b+1 ({ii) 2a— fh =14 at h=-2 Adding eq-(i ) & eq. (ii) = BS/ a => aa => a=4 3 Put a=4,in eq. (iii), we have: 4+b=-2 = b=-2-6> Q.5: (a) f(x)=a*, show that: a 1 f(—p)=—_ 0) (-p) (p) Sol. LHS.= t(-p) =p = Jat R.HS. Proved. at _ fp)SOLUTION OF EXERCISE # 1.1 (ii) = f(x+y)=f(x)f(y) (IA-2015) Sol. LHS.=f(x+y)= av =a’a® =f (x \e (y )= R.HS. Proved. (b) If f(x )= log x, prove that: f(x *)=al Sol. LH 8. =f(x* )=logs* =alogx =af (x a Proved. Q.6: If f(p)=p+ A Prove the following results : Pp (i) £(-p)=-f(p) (18-2015) Sol. LHS. = {(-p) =-p ye -p whe pst) = -f(p) = R.HS. Proved. -P P Pp (ii) ‘(4)- £(6) SLES A) Q.7: if f(x)=tan x, show that: f(x+y)= f{(x)+ f(y) )+f(y) 1-f(x}f(y) ED = Fees f(p)=R.H.S. Proved. P Pp Sol. LHS. =f(x+y)=tan(x+y) tana +tanB = tans tas BABI