POLYNOMIALS

QUADRATIC CUBIC
K[x²-(Sum)x+Product] K[2³-(Sum)x²+(Product₂)x+p]

Zeroes of polynomial. Zeroes of cubic polynomial.

Let them α & β Let them α & β & γ
α+β=-b/a α+β+γ=-b/a
αβ=c/a αβ+βγ+γα=c/a
αβγ=-d/a

ax² + bx + c
eg:- 5x²+2x+8 ax³+bx²+cx+d
eg:- 7x³+4x²+3x+49
k[x²-(Sum)x+Products]

K[x² - (α+β)x + (αβ)]

Q-1 The zeroes of x²-2x-8 are:
(a) (2,-4) (b) (4,-2)
(c) (-2,-2) (d) (-4,-4)
Q-2 What is the quadratic polynomial whose sum and the
√
product of zeroes is 2, 3 respectively?
√
(a) 3x²-3 2x+1 √
(b) 3x²+3 2x+1
√
(c) 3x²+3 2x-1 (d) None of the above
Q-3 If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax²+bx+c, c#0 are
equal, then
(a) c and b have opposite signs
(b) c and a have opposite signs
(c) c and b have same signs
(d) c and a have same signs
Q-4 The degree of the polynomial, x4 – x2 +2 is
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 0
Q-5 If one of the zeroes of cubic polynomial is x³+ax²+bx+c is -1,
then product of other two zeroes is:
(a) b-a-1 (b) b-a+1
(c) a-b+1 (d) a-b-1
Q-6 If p(x) is a polynomial of degree one and p(a) = 0, then a is
said to be:
(a) Zero of p(x) (b) Value of p(x)
(c) Constant of p(x) (d) None of the above
Q-7 Zeroes of a polynomial can be expressed graphically.
Number of zeroes of polynomial is equal to number of points
where the graph of polynomial is:
(a) Intersects x-axis
(b) Intersects y-axis
(c) Intersects y-axis or x-axis
(d) None of the above
Q-8 A polynomial of degree n has:
(a) Only one zero (b) At least n zeroes
(c) More than n zeroes (d) At most n zeroes
Q-9 The number of polynomials having zeroes as -2 and 5 is:
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) More than 3
Q-10 Zeroes of p(x) = x²-27 are:
√
(a) ±9 3 √
(b) ±3 3
√
(c) ±7 3 (d) None of the above
Q-11 Which of the following is a polynomial?
(a) x²+ 3x - 2 √
(b) x + 2 (c) 1/x √
(d) 3x²- x
Q-12 The degree of the polynomial 4x³ + 2x² - 5x + 1 is:
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Q-13 Which of the following is not a polynomial?
(a) 3x²+2x - 1 (b) x³-x √
(c) x+2 (d) x⁴ + 1
Q-14 The zeros of the polynomial x² - 4x - 5 are:
(a) 5x⁴ (b) 3x³ (c) -2x² (d) x
Q-15 The zeros of the polynomial x^2 - 4x - 5 are:
(a) -1, 5 (b) 1, 5 (c) -1, -5 (d) -5, 1
Q-16 The polynomial x³ - 6x² + 11x - 6 can be factored as:
(a) (x - 2)(x - 3)(x - 1) (b) (x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 1)
(c) (x - 2)(x + 3)(x + 1) (d) (x + 2)(x - 3)(x + 1)
Q-17 The sum of the coefficients of the polynomial 3x² + 4x + 1 is:
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 8
Q-18 The product of the zeros of the polynomial 2x² + 5x - 3 is:
(a) -3/2 (b) 3/2 (c) 3/5 (d) -3/5
Q-19 Which of the following is not a factor of the polynomial x² -
4x + 3?
(a) (x - 1) (b) (x - 3) (c) (x - 2) (d) (x + 1)
Q-20 The remainder when the polynomial x³ - 3x²- 2x + 5 is
divided by (x - 1) is:
(a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 0 (d) -5
ANSWERS
1. B 11. A
2. A 12. C
3. D 13. C
4. B 14. A
5. B 15. A
6. A 16. A
7. A 17. D
8. D 18. A
9. D 19. D
10. B 10. C
Q-1 The zeroes of x²-2x-8 are: [NCERT EXEMPLAR]
Sol:- x²-2x-8= x²-4x+2x-8
= x(x-4)+2(x-4)
= (x-4)(x+2)
Therefore, x =4,-2.
Q-2 If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax²+bx+c, c#0 are
equal, then [NCERT BOOK]
Sol:- For equal roots, discriminant will be equal to zero.
b²-4ac = 0
b²=4ac
ac=b²/4
ac>0 (as square of any number cannot be negative)
Q-3 The degree of the polynomial, x⁴–x²+2 is
Sol:- Degree is the highest power of the variable in any
polynomial.
Q-4 If p(x) is a polynomial of degree one and p(a) = 0, then a is
said to be: [R.D SHARMA]
Sol:- Let p(x) = mx+n
Put x=a
p(a)=ma+n=0
So, a is zero of p(x).
Q-5 Zeroes of a polynomial can be expressed graphically.
Number of zeroes of polynomial is equal to number of points
where the graph of polynomial is:
Sol:- Intersects x-axis
Q-6 A polynomial of degree n has:
Sol:- Maximum number of zeroes of a polynomial = Degree of
the polynomial
Q-7 By division algorithm of polynomials, p(x) =
Sol:- By division algorithm of polynomials, p(x) = g(x) x q(x) + r(x).
Q-8 The product of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial ax³ + bx² +
cx + d is
Sol:- The product of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial ax³ + bx²
+ cx + d is -d/a.
Q-9 If the graph of a polynomial intersects the x-axis at three
points, then it contains zeroes. [Cbse 2019]
Sol:- If the graph of a polynomial intersects the x- axis at three
points, then it contains three zeroes.
Q-10 Find the value of “p” from the polynomial x² + 3x + p, if one
of the zeroes of the polynomial is 2. [CBSE 2020]
Sol:- As 2 is the zero of the polynomial.
We know that if α is a zero of the polynomial p(x), then p(α) = 0
Substituting x = 2 in
⇒ x² + 3x + p,
⇒ 22 + 3(2) + p = 0
⇒ 4+6+p=0
⇒ 10 + p = 0
⇒ p = -10
Q-11 Does the polynomial a⁴ + 4a² + 5 have real zeroes? [CBSE 2022]
Sol:- In the aforementioned polynomial, let a² = x.
Now, the polynomial becomes,
x² + 4x + 5
Comparing with ax² + bx + c,
Here, b² – 4ac = 42 – 4(1)(5) = 16 – 20 = -4
So, D = b²– 4ac < 0
As the discriminant (D) is negative, the given polynomial does not
have real roots or zeroes.
√
Q-12 Find the quadratic polynomial if its zeroes are 0, 5.
Sol:- A quadratic polynomial can be written using the sum and
product of its zeroes as:
x²– (α + β)x + αβ
Where α and β are the roots of the polynomial.
Here, α = 0 and β = 5 √
So, the polynomial will be:
√ √
x²– (0 + 5)x + 0( 5)
√
= x²– 5x
Q-13 Find the value of “x” in the polynomial 2a² + 2xa + 5a + 10 if (a +
x) is one of its factors. [R.D SHARMA]
Sol:- Let f(a) = 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10
Since, (a + x) is a factor of 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10, f(-x) = 0
So, f(-x) = 2x2 – 2x2 – 5x + 10 = 0
-5x + 10 = 0
5x = 10
x = 10/5
Therefore, x = 2
Q-14 Find the value of “x” in the polynomial 2a² + 2xa + 5a + 10 if (a +
x) is one of its factors. [CBSE 2023]
Sol:- Let f(a) = 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10
Since, (a + x) is a factor of 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10, f(-x) = 0
So, f(-x) = 2x2 – 2x2 – 5x + 10 = 0
-5x + 10 = 0
5x = 10
x = 10/5
Therefore, x = 2
Q-15 How many zeros does the polynomial (x –3)² – 4 have? Also,
find its zeroes. [NCERT EXEMPLAR]
Sol:- Given polynomial is (x – 3)² – 4
Now, expand this expression.
=> x² + 9 – 6x – 4
= x²– 6x + 5
As the polynomial has a degree of 2, the number of zeroes will be 2.
Now, solve x² – 6x + 5 = 0 to get the roots.
So, x² – x – 5x + 5 = 0
=> x(x – 1) -5(x – 1) = 0
=> (x – 1)(x – 5) = 0
x = 1, x = 5
So, the roots are 1 and 5.
Q-16 α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x² – 6x + y. Find
the value of ‘y’ if 3α + 2β = 20.
Sol:- Let, f(x) = x² – 6x + y
From the given,
3α + 2β = 20———————(i)
From f(x),
α + β = 6———————(ii)
And,
αβ = y———————(iii)
Multiply equation (ii) by 2. Then, subtract the whole equation from
equation (i),
=> α = 20 – 12 = 8
Now, substitute this value in equation (ii),
=> β = 6 – 8 = -2
Substitute the values of α and β in equation (iii) to get the value of y,
such as;
y = αβ = (8)(-2) = -16
Q-17 Find a quadratic polynomial each with the given numbers as
the sum and product of its zeroes 1/4, -1
Sol:- From the formulas of sum and product of zeroes, we know,
Sum of zeroes = α + β
Product of zeroes = αβ
Given,
Sum of zeroes = 1/4
Product of zeroes = -1
Therefore, if α and β are zeroes of any quadratic polynomial, then
the polynomial can be written as:-
x² – (α + β)x + αβ
= x² – (1/4)x + (-1)
= 4x² – x – 4
Thus, 4x² – x – 4 is the required quadratic polynomial.
Q-18 The quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are –3 and 4.
Sol:- Let α and β be the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial.
Then the quadratic polynomial is k[x2−(α+β)x+αβ].
thus, a quadratic polynomial with zeros −3 and 4 is
k[x²−(−3+4)x+(−3)×4]
=k(x²−x−12)
=1/2(x²−x−12) (Putting k=1/2)
=x²/2−x/2−6
Q-19 When the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x² + (a + 1) x + b
are 2 and –3, [CBSE 2009]
Sol:- Let alpha and beta be the zeroes of polynomials Ax²+Bx+C.
Then we know that
α+β=−B/A …..(i)
and αβ=C/A …..(ii)
As Given that 2 and −3 are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x²
+ (a + 1) x + b,
⇒ A=1, B=a+1, C=b
using (i)
2+(−3)=−(a+1)/1
−1=−a−1
a=0
using (ii)
2×(−3)=b/1
b=−6
Q-20 The graphs of y = p(x) are given in the figure, for some
polynomials p(x). Find the number of zeroes of p(x), in each case.

Sol:- (i) The graph does not intersect the x-axis, so there are no
zeros in p(x).
(ii) The graph intersects the x-axis at one place, so here there is
one zero in p(x).
(iii) The graph intersects the x-axis at three places, so that there
are three zeros in p(x).
(iv) The graph intersects the x-axis at two places, so here there are
two zeros in p(x).
(v) The graph intersects the x-axis at four places, so there are four
zeros in p(x).
(vi) The graph intersects the x-axis at three places, so that there
are three zeros in p(x).
Q-21 Which of the following is not the graph of a quadratic
polynomial?

Sol:- (d) For any quadratic polynomial ax² + bx + c, a 0, the graph

of the Corresponding equation y = ax² + bx + c has one of the two
shapes either open upwards like or open downwards like
depending on whether a> 0 or a< 0. These curves are called
parabolas. So, option (d) cannot be possible. Also, the curve of a
quadratic polynomial crosses the X-axis on at most two points
but in option (d) the curve crosses the X-axis on the three points,
so it does not represent the quadratic polynomial.
Q-22 If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x²+(a+1)x+b are 2
and -3 then
Sol:- Let p(x) = x² + (a + 1)x + b
Given that, 2 and -3 are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial
p(x).
p(2)=0 and p(-3)=0
2²+(a+1)(2)+b=0
4+2a+2+b=0
2a+b=-6
and (-3)2 + (a+1)(-3)+b=0
9-3a-3+b=0
3a-b=6
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
5a=0=>a=0
Put the value of a in Eq. (i), we get
2x0+b=-6
b=-6
So, the required values are a = 0 and b=-6
Q-23 Write the polynomial, the product and sum of whose zeroes
are -9/2 & -3/2 respectively. (CBSE 2009)
Sol:- Sum of zeroes = -9/2
Product of zeroes = -3/2
The required polynomial is :-
k [x² - (sum of zeroes)x + (product of zeroes)]
k [x² - (- 9/2)x + (- 3/2)]
k [x²+9x/2 - 3/2]
put k = 2 to remove the fraction
2(x² + 9x / 2 - 3/2)
2x² + 9x - 3 is required polynomial
√
Q-24 Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x² - 8x + 4 3√
=0 (CBSE 2010)
√ √
Sol:- Given quadratic equation = 3x2 - 8x + 4 3 = 0 We should
factorize the equation first.
√ √
= 3x²-6x-2x+4 3 = 0
√ √ √
= 3x(x-2 3)-2(x-2 3) = 0
√ √
= ( 3x-2) (x-2 3) = 0
√ √
= ( 3x-2)=0, (x-2 3)= 0
√ √
=x=2/ 3, x = 2 3.
Q-25 α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 – 6x + y.
Find the value of ‘y’ if 3α + 2β = 20. [CBSE 2019]
Sol:- Let, f(x) = x² – 6x + y
From the given,
3α + 2β = 20———————(i)
From f(x),
α + β = 6———————(ii)
And,
αβ = y———————(iii)
Multiply equation (ii) by 2. Then, subtract the whole equation from
equation (i),
=> α = 20 – 12 = 8
Now, substitute this value in equation (ii),
=> β = 6 – 8 = -2
Substitute the values of α and β in equation (iii) to get the value of y,
such as;
y = αβ = (8)(-2) = -16
Q-26 Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are reciprocals of
the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = ax² + bx + c, a ≠ 0, c≠ 0.
Sol:- Let α and β be the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = ax2 + bx + c.
So, α + β = -b/a
αβ = c/a
According to the given, 1/α and 1/β are the zeroes of the required
quadratic polynomial.
Now, the sum of zeroes = (1/α) + (1/β)
= (α + β)/αβ
= (-b/a)/ (c/a)
= -b/c
Product of two zeroes = (1/α) (1/β)
= 1/αβ
= 1/(c/a)
= a/c
The required quadratic polynomial = k[x²– (sum of zeroes)x +
(product of zeroes)]
= k[x²– (-b/c)x + (a/c)]
= k[x²+ (b/c) + (a/c)]
Q-28 7y² - (11/3)y - (2/3). Find the zeroes of the polynomial , and
verify the relation between the coefficients and the zeroes of the
polynomial [R.D SHARMA]
Sol:- Given, the polynomial is 7y² - (11/3)y - (2/3).
We have to find the relation between the coefficients and zeros of
the polynomial
The polynomial can be rewritten as (1/3)[21y² - 11y - 2]
Let (1/3)[21y² - 11y - 2] = 0
21y² - 11y - 2 = 0
On factoring,
21y² - 14y + 3y - 2 = 0
7y(3y - 2) + (3y - 2) = 0
(7y + 1)(3y - 2) = 0
Now, 7y + 1 = 0
7y = -1
y = -1/7
Also, 3y - 2 = 0
3y = 2
y = 2/3
Therefore,the zeros of the polynomial are 2/3 and -1/7.
We know that, if 𝛼 and ꞵ are the zeroes of a polynomial ax² + bx + c,
then
Sum of the roots is 𝛼 + ꞵ = -coefficient of x/coefficient of x² = -b/a
Product of the roots is 𝛼ꞵ = constant term/coefficient of x² = c/a
From the given polynomial,
coefficient of x = -11
Coefficient of x² = 21
Constant term = -2
Sum of the roots:
LHS: 𝛼 + ꞵ
= -1/7 + 2/3
= (-3+14)/21
= 11/21
RHS: -coefficient of x/coefficient of x²
= -(-11)/21
= 11/21
LHS = RHS
Product of the roots
LHS: 𝛼ꞵ
= (-1/7)(2/3)
= -2/21
RHS: constant term/coefficient of x²
= -2/21
LHS = RHS
Q-29 -8/3, 4/3 find a quadratic polynomial whose sum and product
respectively of the zeroes are as given. Also find the zeroes of these
polynomials by factorisation. [NCERT EXEMPLAR]
Sol:- Given, the sum of two zeros is -8/3.
Product of two zeros is 4/3.
We have to find the quadratic polynomial and its zeros.
A quadratic polynomial in terms of the zeroes (α,β) is given by
x2 - (sum of the zeroes) x + (product of the zeroes)
i.e, f(x) = x2 -(α +β) x +αβ
Here, the sum of the roots, α +β = -8/3
Product of the roots, αβ = 4/3
So, the quadratic polynomial can be written as x² - (-8/3)x + 4/3.
The polynomial can be rewritten as (1/3)[3x² + 8x + 4].
Let 3x² + 8x + 4 = 0
On factoring the polynomial,
3x² + 6x + 2x + 4 = 0
3x(x + 2) + 2(x + 2) = 0
(3x + 2)(x + 2) = 0
Now, 3x + 2 = 0
3x = -2
x = -2/3
Also, x + 2 = 0
x = -2
Therefore, the zeros of the polynomial are -2/3 and -2.
√
Q-30 -2 3, -9 find a quadratic polynomial whose sum and product
respectively of the zeroes are as given. Also find the zeroes of these
polynomials by factorisation. [CBSE 2020]
√
Sol:- Given, the sum of two zeros is -2 3.
Product of two zeros is -9.
We have to find the quadratic polynomial and its zeros.
A quadratic polynomial in terms of the zeroes (α,β) is given by
x² - (sum of the zeroes) x + (product of the zeroes)
i.e, f(x) = x² -(α +β) x +αβ
 √
Here, sum of the roots, α +β = -2 3
Product of the roots, αβ = -9
√
So, the quadratic polynomial can be written as x² - (-2 3)x + (-9)
√
= x² + 2 3x - 9.
√
Let x² + 2 3x - 9 = 0
On factoring the polynomial,
√ √
x² + 3 3x - 3x - 9 = 0
√ √ √
x(x + 3 3) - 3(x + 3 3) = 0
√ √
(x - 3)(x + 3 3) = 0
√
Now, x - 3 = 0
√
x= 3
√
Also, x + 3 3 = 0
√
x = -3 3
√
Therefore, the zeros of the polynomial are -3 3 and 3.√
During the skipping through skipping rope, its look like the in the
form of parabola. It is a natural examples of parabolic shape
which is represented by a quadratic polynomial. Similarly, we can
observe in many other cases forming a in a variety of forms of
different parabolas.

Q-1 In the standard form of quadratic polynomial, ax² + bx + c, the

condition between a, b and c are
[A]. a may be 0, but b and c must be non-zero.
[B]. a, b and c all may be zero.
[C]. 'a' is a non-zero real number and b and c are any real
numbers.
[D]. All are integers.
Q-2 If the roots of the quadratic polynomial are unequal, where
the discriminant D = b²-4ac, then
[A]. D > 0 [B]. D < 0
≥
[C]. D 0 [D]. D = 0
Q-3 If a and -a are the zeroes of the 2x² - 3(k - 4)x - 8, quadratic
polynomial then k is
[A]. 4 [B]. 1/4
[C]. -1/4 [D]. 2
ANSWERS
1. C 2. A 3. A
Q-2 A rectangular garden has an area of 80 square meters. The
length of the garden is three times its width. Find the dimensions
of the garden.
Formulate a quadratic equation to represent the given
situation.
Solve the equation to find the width and length of the garden.
Interpret the solution in the context of the problem.
Q-1 The area of a rectangular garden is 80 square meters. If the
length of the garden is three times its width, what is the width of
the garden?
(A) 4 meters (B) 5 meters
(C) 8 meters (D) 10 meters
Q-2 The area of a rectangular garden is 80 square meters. If the
length of the garden is three times its width, what is the length of
the garden?
(A) 12 meters (B) 15 meters
(C) 20 meters (D) 24 meters
Q-3 The area of a rectangular garden is 80 square meters. If the
length of the garden is three times its width, what does the
solution to the equation represent?
(A) The width of the garden
(B) The length of the garden
(C) The area of the garden
(D) The perimeter of the garden
ANSWERS
1. C 2. A 3. B