Nike Comparisions
Nike Comparisions
Nike Comparisions
NIKE Inc.
And
Crocs Inc.
A-
B-
C-
Abstract
In this paper I have compared two companies, NIKE Inc and its competitor Crocs
Inc by calculating financial Ratios by using different tools and techniques given in
chapter 3 and 4 of text book. In addition I have also calculated weighted average
cost of capital by using the tool and techniques give in chapter 10 of text book.
In this paper I will give a detailed analysis of both the companies by calculating
and analyzing the following ratios:
1. Current Ratio
2. Quick Ratio
3. Receivables Collection Period
4. Receivables Turnover Ratio
5. Inventory Turnover Ratio
6. Average Age of Inventory
7. Inventory to Net Working Capital
8. Total Asset Turnover Ratio
9. Fixed Asset Turnover
10. Fixed Charge Coverage
11. Basic Earning Power
12. Debt Ratio
13. Debt to Equity Ratio
14. Long-term Debt to Equity
15. Times Interest Earned
16. Total Profit Margin
17. Operating Profit Margin
18. Net Profit Margin
19. Return on Investment
20. Return on Asset
21. Return on Equity
22. Price-Earnings
23. Market-Value to Book-Value
24. Cash Flow per Share
25. Dividend Payout, and
26. Dividend Yield ratios.
After each ratio for the two companies is calculated, I have performed the time
series analysis. Each company’s ratios are compared to each other for the past
five years to compare the performance of both companies (company and its
competitor). Then a Cross sectional analysis of each ratio is also analyzed for the
two above mentioned companies.
Nike Inc and Crocs are best in the industry of athletic footwear, apparel,
equipment, accessories, and service due to their sustainable businesses and
positive attitude to innovations and challenging needs of customers. Both of the
companies are performing efficiently and effectively due to their strong structure
in current economic scenario.
History
Nike Inc
Nike Inc is an American sportswear company. It headquartered in Beaverton, Ore.
Nike was founded by Bill Bower man and his former student Phil Knight. Bill
Bower man was as track and field coach at the University of Oregon. In 1972, they
launched the brand shoe in their first retail outlet which was opened in 1966. In
1978, the company was renamed as Nike, Inc and went public after two years.
The Nike had retail outlets and distributors in more than 170 countries by the first
decade of 21st century and its logo a curved check mark called Swoosh was
recognized all over the world.
Nike expanded its business in late 1980s. It also diversified its product line by
various acquisitions. It includes shoe companies Cole Hahn acquired in 1988,
Converse, Inc. acquired in 2003, the sports-equipment producer Can star Sports,
Inc. acquired in 1994 which was renamed Nike Bauer afterwards, and the athletic
apparel and equipment company Umbro acquired in 2008.
In 1996, the company created Nike ACG (“all-conditions gear”). It marketed the
products for extreme sports, such as snowboarding and mountain biking over the
world. In 2000, the company developed its Tech Lab division. It markets portable
heart rate monitor, high altitude wrist compass and other sports technology
accessories.
Nike’s success also includes the part of endorsements by some athletes as
Michael Jordan, Mia Hamm, Roger Federer, and Tiger Woods.
In the 1990s the company’s image for a split second suffered from revelations
about poor working conditions in its overseas owned factories.
Crocs, Inc.
Crocs Company was organized as a limited liability company. It was founded in
1999 under the name of Western brands LLC. Crocs, Inc is a world leader in
women, men and children innovative casual footwear. Crocs have a broad
portfolio. The portfolio includes all season’s products while remaining to core
molded footwear heritage.
All Crocs shoes and other products are made under revolutionary technology. It
gives each pair of shoes the soft, comfortable, lightweight, non making and odor
resistant qualities. The Fans know and love it. Since its inception the Crocs has
sold more than 300 millions shoes in more than 90 countries.
Ratios:
Nike
Crocs Inc
NOTE: For detail workings of the above Financial Ratio calculations, the excel
sheet is attached herewith as attachment.
Analysis:
Current ratio: Current ratio explains the company’s ability to pay its short term
obligations. Normally the current ratio of 2:1 is considered satisfactory but it also
varies from industry to industry. The current ratio of Nike increased from 2.85 to
3.47 with the time span of 2011-2013. After 2013 the current ratio started to
decrease. It indicates that the liquidity position of Nike started to weaken but still
the current ratio of Nike is satisfactory as compared to industry average.
The Current ratio of Crocs is at 3.87 in 2015. It indicates a strong liquidity position
and strong ability of Crocs to pay its short term obligations.
The above analysis indicates that the liquidity position of Crocs is strong as
compared to Nike.
Quick ratio: A quick ratio explains the liquidity position of the company without
considering the inventory. This ratio considers only liquid asset. The quick ratio of
Nike was strong till 2013 but it started to decrease from 2014. In 2015 it was at
1.84. Despite the decrease in ratio, it is still in good position to pay its short term
obligations without selling the inventory.
The quick ratio of Crocs stands at more than 2.50 from 2012 to 2015 which
indicates a good liquidity position of Crocs without selling the inventory.
Average/ Receivables Collection Period: This ratio indicates the customers’ habits
for payments. This ratio is measured in number of days and considered good as
low as much. The average collection period of Nike decreased from 55 days to 40
days with the span of 2011-2015. It indicates that the Nike Company has
tightened its credit policy to improve liquidity position.
There is no major change in average collection period of Crocs, but Crocs average
collection period stand between 30 to 32 days which is below from Nike around
20 to 25 days.
This ratio indicates that the Crocs have strong and controlled credit policy for
collection from its customers.
Accounts receivable turnover: This ratio explains that how frequently the sales of
the company converted into receivables and cash. Higher the turnover, shorter
the time between sales and cash collection will be.
The accounts receivable turnover ratio of Nike Company increased from 6.65
times to 9.11 times which is a good progress towards improvement with the span
of 2011-2015.
The Accounts Receivable turnover ratio of Crocs is also stable with the span of
2011-2015. This ratio is also higher from Nike.
Inventory turnover: This ratio indicates that how many times the inventory
converted into sales. High ratio shows the efficient production and purchasing
efforts.
The inventory turnover ratio of Nike decreased from 4.05 to 3.67 with the span of
2011-2015.
The inventory turnover of Crocs is increased from 3.01 to 3.55 with the span of
2011-2015 which shows a high efficiency of production and purchasing efforts as
compared to Nike.
Average age of inventory: This ratio indicates how quickly the inventory of
company is selling. If the ratio is high it indicates that a little unused stock is
stored. If this ratio is low, it indicates the overstocking or selling issued.
The Average age of inventory of Nike is increased from 90 days to 99 days with
the span of 2011-2015 but the average of inventory Crocs decreased from 121
days to 103 days.
Inventory to net working capital: Inventory to net working capital ratio of Nike
increased from 0.37 to 0.45 times with the span of 2011-2015.
The inventory to net working capital ratio of Crocs is decreased from 0.50 to 0.39
with the span of 2011-2015.
Total assets turnover: This ratio explains that how efficiently the business of the
company is generating sales for each dollar of sales. High total asset turnover
means the company is using the asset more efficiently.
The asset turnover of Nike is increased from 1.39 to 1.50 with the span of 2011-
2015 but decrease to 1.42 in 2015.
The asset turnover of Crocs is decreased from 1.44 to 1.36 with the span of 2011-
2014 but increased in 2015 to 1.48.
This ratio indicates that the Crocs used its assets more efficiently in generating
sales as compared to Nike.
Fixed assets turnover: This ratio explains that how efficiently the company is
utilizing its fixed assets for generating sales. High ratio indicates that the company
is using the fixed assets more productively and efficiently.
The fixed asset turnover of Nike increased from 4.25 to 10.16 with the span of
2011-2015. The fixed asset turnover of Crocs is also increased from 5.45 to 17.54
from 2011 to 2015.
The ratio of Crocs is increased with higher rate as compared to Nike which
indicates that the Crocs using its fixed assets more productively and efficiently.
Fixed charge coverage: The fixed charge coverage of Nike have downward trend
over the period of 2011 to 2015 but in case of Crocs it is increased from 1.09 to
1.97 with the span of 2011-2013 and decreased to (0.20) in 2015.
Basic earning power: This ratio indicates the ability of a company to convert the
assets into profit. It is very useful tool to make a comparison of a company with
the industry. If this ratio is low as compared to competitor it means that
competitor has found a way to operate more efficiently.
The basic earning power of Nike is stable at 0.19 with the span of 2011-2015 but
the Basic earning power of Crocs increased till 2013 then decreased tremendously
to (.01).
This ratio indicates that the Nike Company is utilizing its assets in more efficient
way as compared to Crocs.
Debt ratio: This ratio indicates the company’s ability to pay its obligations (short
term and long term) by selling of its assets. A high ratio explains that the company
is more risky for investors to invest and for lenders to lend more.
The debt ratio of Nike is increased from 0.34 to 0.42 with the span of 2011-2014
and then decreased to 0.41 in 2015.
The debt ratio of Crocs is decreased from 0.32 to 0.29 and then increased to 0.44
in 2015.
It indicates that the Crocs Company is more risky to invest and lend money as
compared to Nike as it has high debt ratio as compared to Nike.
The Debt to Equity ratio of Nike increased from 0.07 to 0.13 with the span of
2011-2014 and then decreased to 0.09 in 2015.
The debt to equity of Crocs was reduced to 0.40 from 0.46 with span of 2011-
2014 but increased to 0.78 in 2015.
This ratio indicates that Crocs is more risky for lenders to lend money as
compared to Nike.
Long term debt to equity: This ratio explains the proportion of long term debt
and equity in the capital of a company. Higher the ratio means high risk for
lenders.
The Long term Debt to Equity ratio of Nike increased from 0.03 to 0.11 with the
span of 2011-2014 but decreased to 0.08 in 2015.
The Long term Debt to Equity ratio of Crocs Inc increased from 0.09 to 0.44 with
the span of 2011-2015.
This ratio indicates that the Crocs Inc is more risky one for lenders.
Times interest earned: This ratio measure the ability of the company to pay
interest expense from business income. A less than 1 ratio indicates that the
company has facing difficulty to generate enough cash or income to pay interest
expense.
The times of Interest ratio of Nike decreased from 712 times to 0 with the span of
2011-2015 whereas the times of Interest ratio of Crocs is also decreased from
116.29 times to 0 with the span of 2011-2015.
Total profit margin: This ratio explains that how much a company earned the
profit from sales without considering indirect cost.
The profit margin of Nike is reduced by 2% from 2011 to 2014 but increased 1% in
2015 as compared to 2014.
The Total Profit Margin of Crocs shows downward trend. It decreased from 59%
to 49% with the span of 2011-2015.
Operating profit margin: This ratio explains how much the percentage of total
revenues is made up by operating income. In other words how much the
company earned profit after deducting of variable cost and operating cost?
The operating profit margin ratio of Nike is increased only 1% from 2011 to 2015
whereas in case of Crocs it is decreased to 2% from 10% in the year of 2015 as
compared to 2011.
The above comparison indicates that the operations of Nike are earning more
profits from business are compared to Crocs.
Net profit margin: This ratio explains the ability of a company to cover operating
cost including indirect cost.
The Net profit margin of Nike is increased by 1% with the span of 2011-2015. The
Net profit margin of Crocs Inc is reduced to -0.41% in 2015 from 9% in 2011.
It indicates that the operations of Nike are more profitable than Crocs and more
reliable for investors and creditors.
Return on investment: The return on investment of Nike was stagnant from 2011
to 2014 at 14% but increased to 15% in 2015. Whereas, return on investment of
Crocs decreased to -1% from 12% with the span of 2011-2015.
Return on equity: The return on equity measure that how efficiently the company
is utilizing the investors / shareholders money.
The return on equity of Nike is increased from 22% to 26% with the span of 2011-
2015.
The Return on equity of Crocs is decreased to -1% from 18% with the span of
2011-2015.
Price earnings ratio: The price earnings ratio of Nike is increased from 19.20 to 31
with the span of 2011-2015 whereas the price earning of Crocs is decreased from
22.50 to -51 with the span of 2011-2015.
It indicates that Nike’s share will generate more if an investor decides to invest in
Nike and Crocs.
Market value to book Value: The Market to book value of Nike is increased to
10.13 from 3.70 with the span of 2011-2015 where as the market to book value of
Crocs is decreased from 4.11 to 1.93.
Cash flow per share: The cash flow per share of Nike is increased whereas the
cash flow per share of Crocs is decreased with the span of 2011-2015.
Dividend payout: The dividend payout ratio measures that how much the
company can pay dividend if one share is to be invested.
The dividend payout of Nike increased from 0.26 to 0.27 from 2011 to 2015.
Dividend yield ratio: The dividend yield of Nike is remains same from 2011 to
2015 at 1%.
The Nike has not issued any preferred stock as per its available current financial
statements.
Cost of Equity
Required rate of
Return 15.92%
B) CAPM
A) Market values
Price Outstanding shares (millions) Market Cap (mil)
134.3
114
Equity 3 852.2 ,476.03
1
Debt ,234.00
B) Weight age
Market Values weight
Debt 1,234 1%
18,
Total 115,710 100% 337.76
WAAC 15.85%
Conclusion
Nike‘s all ratios increased or remained stay able from 2011 to 2013 but
from 2014 to onward it had downward trend. This may be due to
recession and other economic difficulties surrounding to sportswear
business. Despite of such decrease and tough economic situation, the
Nike’s entire ratios still beats the industry average.
A very few negatives exist in Nike’s ratios. Most surprisingly the Nike’s
net profit margin is at the same level and not increasing. Another
negative in Nike’s ratio is the debt to equity ratio which is increased.
Although it is under 1 but the investors doesn’t like to increase in Debt.
The current ratio of Nike also decreased in 2015 which is also a
negative. This may be due to some reasons like decrease in cash.
As final remarks, the Nike’s ratios are still high as compared to industry
averages which may attribute to the better consumer confidence and
betterment of economic conditions.
Bibliography
Ratios
http://www.mergentonline.com
WWW.advfn.com
www.bankofamerica.com
https://www.wellsfargo.com
http://finance.yahoo.com
Appendix
Nike Inc.
All amounts in Millions of US Dollars except per share items.
INDICATORS
Year End Date 2011/05 2012/05 2013/05 2014/05 2015/05
Quarterly Indicator 4 4 2 2 2
Template Indicator
INCOME STATEMENT
Operating Revenue 20,862.0 24,128.0 25,313.0 27,799.0 30,601.0
Research & Development (R&D) Expense 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Income From Cum. Effect Of Acct. Change 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Income From Tax Loss Carryforward 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Income Available For Common 2,133.0 2,223.0 2,485.0 2,693.0 3,273.0
Basic EPS From Total Operations 2.24 2.42 2.77 3.05 3.80
Basic EPS (Cum. Effect Of Acct. Change) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Basic EPS (Tax Loss Carry Forward) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
*
Diluted EPS (Continuing) 2.20 2.37 2.69 2.97 3.70
Diluted EPS From Total Operations 2.20 2.37 2.71 2.97 3.70
Diluted EPS (Cum. Effect Of Acct. Change) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Diluted EPS (Tax Loss Carry Forward) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dividends Paid Per Share (DPS) 0.58 0.85 0.81 0.93 1.08
Net Income From Total Operations (YTD) 2,133.0 2,223.0 0.0 0.0 3,273.0
EPS From Total Operations (YTD) 2.20 2.37 0.00 0.00 3.80
Dividends Paid Per Share (YTD) 0.58 0.85 0.00 0.00 1.08
BALANCE SHEET
ASSETS
Cash & Equivalents 1,955.0 2,317.0 3,337.0 2,220.0 3,852.0
Preferred Equity Outside Stock Equity 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Liabilities & Stock Equity 14,998.0 15,465.0 17,584.0 18,594.0 21,600.0
*
Cash Flow 2,491.0 2,628.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
*
Shares Out (Common Class Only) 846.0 826.0 878.1 868.3 855.4
CASH-FLOW STATEMENT
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net Income/Loss 2,133.0 2,223.0 2,485.0 2,693.0 3,273.0
(Increase) Decrease In Other Current Assets 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Decrease (Increase) In Other Working Capital 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Cash From Continuing Operations 1,812.0 1,899.0 3,027.0 3,003.0 4,680.0
Net Cash From Discontinued Operations 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Cash From Total Operating Activities 1,812.0 1,899.0 3,027.0 3,003.0 4,680.0
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Sale Of Property, Plant & Equipment 1.0 2.0 14.0 3.0 3.0
Cash From Discontinued Investing Activities 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Cash From Investing Activities -1,021.0 514.0 -1,067.0 -1,207.0 -175.0
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Issuance Of Debt 0.0 0.0 986.0 0.0 0.0
Cash From Discontinued Financing Activities 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Cash From Financing Activities -1,972.0 -2,118.0 -1,040.0 -2,914.0 -2,790.0
Net Change In Cash & Equivalents -1,124.0 362.0 1,020.0 -1,117.0 1,632.0
*
Crocs Inc.
All amounts in Millions of US Dollars except per share items.
INDICATORS
Year End Date 2010/12 2011/12 2012/12 2013/12 2014/12
Quarterly Indicator 4 4 4 4 4
Template Indicator
INCOME STATEMENT
Operating Revenue 789.7 1,000.9 1,123.3 1,192.7 1,198.2
Research & Development (R&D) Expense 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Income From Cum. Effect Of Acct. Change 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Income From Tax Loss Carryforward 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Income Available For Common 0.0 0.0 131.3 10.4 -4.9
*
Basic EPS (Continuing) 0.78 1.27 1.46 0.12 -0.22
Basic EPS From Total Operations 0.78 1.27 1.46 0.12 -0.22
Basic EPS (Cum. Effect Of Acct. Change) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Basic EPS (Tax Loss Carry Forward) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
*
Diluted EPS (Continuing) 0.76 1.24 1.44 0.12 -0.22
Diluted EPS From Total Operations 0.76 1.24 1.44 0.12 -0.22
Diluted EPS (Cum. Effect Of Acct. Change) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Diluted EPS (Tax Loss Carry Forward) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dividends Paid Per Share (DPS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Income From Total Operations (YTD) 0.0 0.0 131.3 10.4 -4.9
EPS From Total Operations (YTD) 0.76 1.24 1.44 0.12 -0.22
Dividends Paid Per Share (YTD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
BALANCE SHEET
ASSETS
Cash & Equivalents 145.6 257.6 294.3 317.1 267.5
Preferred Equity Outside Stock Equity 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 172.7
Total Liabilities & Stock Equity 549.5 695.5 829.6 875.2 806.9
*
Cash Flow 37.1 37.3 168.0 0.0 0.0
*
Shares Out (Common Class Only) 88.1 89.8 88.7 88.5 77.8
CASH-FLOW STATEMENT
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net Income/Loss 67.7 112.8 131.3 10.4 -4.9
(Increase) Decrease In Other Current Assets 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Decrease (Increase) In Other Working Capital 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -33.8
Net Cash From Continuing Operations 104.3 142.4 128.4 83.5 -11.7
Net Cash From Discontinued Operations 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Cash From Total Operating Activities 104.3 142.4 128.4 83.5 -11.7
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Sale Of Property, Plant & Equipment 1.3 0.3 2.2 0.3 0.2
Purchase Of Property, Plant & Equipment -45.1 -41.6 -60.8 -40.4 -16.0
Cash From Discontinued Investing Activities 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Cash From Investing Activities -42.1 -41.7 -65.9 -69.8 -58.0
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Issuance Of Debt 83.1 316.6 96.1 23.4 0.0
Cash From Discontinued Financing Activities 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net Cash From Financing Activities 5.2 8.9 -16.6 -1.2 23.4
Net Change In Cash & Equivalents 68.2 112.0 36.8 22.8 -49.6